scholarly journals REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE NOSOLOGICAL PROFILE OF INFECTIOUS ANIMAL DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
O. B. Badmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, the epizootological profile is formed by 8 nosological forms of infectious pathology of farm animals. The dominant epizootic significance is rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis. Rabies was registered in 8 (38.1 %) rural administrative districts of the republic and in the urban district of Ulan-Ude. In the total number of cases of rabies, the disease of farm animals occupies 48.3%, domestic carnivores-3.9, and in 47.6% of cases, epizootic foci began among wild animals. The main reservoir of the rabies virus is the wild fox: 46.2 % in the total number of cases and 97.1 % - in autochthonous epizootic foci. Leptospirosis in the conditions of Buryatia is an indigenous natural focal infection with a pronounced indicator of epizootic manifestation in the form of infection of animals without clinical signs. It is registered in 11 (52.4 %) rural administrative districts of the republic in 1.5 % of cattle and 0.6% of horses. The unfavorable situation with bovine brucellosis persisted from 2009 to 2018, 26 unfavorable points were registered. In the Jida district, 5 km from the state border with Mongolia, brucellosis was first registered in a dog. In this area, the corridor of migration of wild animals across the border passes, which confirms the assumption of the existence of natural foci of brucellosis in the transboundary territories of Russia and Mongolia and the introduction of the pathogen from the natural focus to the territory of the buffer zone farms.

scholarly journals STUDY RESULTS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE INTENSITY IN CATTLE VACCINATED AGAINST RABIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND BORDER AREAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
D.N. Latfullin ◽  
◽  
R.M. Akhmadeev ◽  
N.R. Miftahov ◽  
Kh.N. Makaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Study Results ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Republic

Rabies control programs include preventive immunization of farm and domestic animals, catching stray dogs and cats, oral vaccination of wild animals, and measures to control the number of the wildlife. Rabies in ruminants is a deadlock in the rabies epizootic situation. Rabies in ruminant animals is the result of the epizootic process in wild animals of the area, even if the process is not recorded. The more than doubled decrease in the number of cattle the European part of Russia saw in recent years resulted in a decrease in cases of rabies in these animals. Vaccination forms the animal group that prevents the further spread of infection, and further reduces morbidity. The paper presents the data on the rabies epizootic situation on the territory of Tatarstan in 2018, preventive measures against the epizootic situation among domestic, wild and farm animals. Also, it presents laboratory results of blood 51 DOI: 10.31563/1684-7628-2019-51-3-48-52 Вестник БГАУ / Vestnik BSAU, 2019, № 3 serum samples in the cattle vaccinated against rabies in some areas of Tatarstan and border areas of Bashkortostan. The study results indicate that both regions take effective measures against rabies. The incidence of rabies in farm animals is minimized due to a large number of vaccinated animals, and preventive measures taken against rabies among wild animals. Revaccination of cattle is needed in a number of areas to ensure better protection of animals.

scholarly journals Urinary capillariosis in dogs

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Ilic ◽  
Milan Rogosic ◽  
Bojan Gajic ◽  
Jelena Aleksic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
The Family ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Possible Cause

Background. Urinary capillariosis in dogs is caused by Capillaria plica (syn. Pearsonema plica), a ubiquitous parasitic nematode resembling a string which belongs to the family Capillariidae. It parasitizes the feline, canine and musteline urinary bladder, and has been found in ureters and renal pelvises as well. C. plica has an indirect life cycle, with earthworms (Lumbricina) as intermediate hosts and domestic and wild animals (dog, cat, fox and wolf) as primary hosts. Infection of primary hosts occurs via ingestion of earthworms that contain infective first stadium (L1) larvae. An alternative path of infection for primary hosts is assumed to be ingestion of soil contaminated by infectious larvae derived from decomposed earthworms. Infection is mostly asymptomatic, but the clinical picture presents with pollakiuria, dysuria, haematuria, polydipsia, incontinence and/or fever. Scope and Approach. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of urinary capillariosis in dogs. Since the health care of wild and domestic carnivores is extremely important, this review provides information about the morphology, biology and epizootiology of the C. plica nematode. Due to the importance of this disease for clinicians and increased disease prevalence during the last decade in many countries, this review presents the latest information on the pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this infection. Key Findings and Conclusions. Capillariosis is usually accidentally diagnosed due to the nonspecific clinical signs and there is no treatment of choice. Practitioners should consider latent urinary capillariosis infection as a possible cause while examining for urinary tract diseases.

scholarly journals Revealing spatio-temporal patterns of rabies spread among various categories of animals in the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2010-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarsenbay K. Abdrakhmanov ◽  
Kanatzhan K. Beisembayev ◽  
Fedor I. Кorennoy ◽  
Gulzhan N. Yessembekova ◽  
Dosym B. Кushubaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Basic Reproductive Ratio ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Republic

This study estimated the basic reproductive ratio of rabies at the population level in wild animals (foxes), farm animals (cattle, camels, horses, sheep) and what we classified as domestic animals (cats, dogs) in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). It also aimed at forecasting the possible number of new outbreaks in case of emergence of the disease in new territories. We considered cases of rabies in animals in RK from 2010 to 2013, recorded by regional veterinary services. Statistically significant space-time clusters of outbreaks in three subpopulations were detected by means of Kulldorff Scan statistics. Theoretical curves were then fitted to epidemiological data within each cluster assuming exponential initial growth, which was followed up by calculation of the basic reproductive ratio R<sub>0</sub>. For farm animals, the value of R<sub>0</sub> was 1.62 (1.11-2.26) and for wild animals 1.84 (1.08- 3.13), while it was close to 1 for domestic animals. Using the values obtained, an initial phase of possible epidemic was simulated in order to predict the expected number of secondary cases if the disease were introduced into a new area. The possible number of new cases for 20 weeks was estimated at 5 (1-16) for farm animals, 17 (1-113) for wild animals and about 1 in the category of domestic animals. These results have been used to produce set of recommendations for organising of preventive and contra-epizootic measures against rabies expected to be applied by state veterinarian services.

scholarly journals The current epizootic situation of rabies in Tajikistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
A.A. Muminov ◽  
O.D. Nazarova ◽  
O.G. Petrova ◽  
F.B. Kamolzoda ◽  
F.Kh. Pulotov
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
Terrestrial Animal ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

According to the Terrestrial Animal Health Code and the Veterinary Legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, veterinary authorities register, give passport and vaccinate dogs and cats, but not to the full extent, which increases the risk of infection and death of people and animals with the rabies virus. This article presents the results of retrospective analysis of the epizootic and epidemiological situation and the role of carnivores and other animals in the circulation of the rabies virus in natural foci in Tajikistan’s regions close to big cities and areas under protection. Research and monitoring of the manifestation of rabies among carnivorous mammals in 4 regions of the country were carried out and the role in spreading of rabies infection was studied. As a result of study it was found that the most disadvantaged areas with high levels of rabies infection are Khatlon region and Central Tajikistan, and was explored connection between diseases of dogs and farm animals, especially cattle.

scholarly journals Poisoning of domestic carnivores by banned pesticides in South Bačka district

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Biljana Đurđević ◽  
Milena Samojlović ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Radomir Ratajac ◽  
Miloš Pelić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Autopsy Finding ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Reasonable Suspicion ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Veterinary Institute

Cases of deliberate, illegal animal poisoning are widely documented in the literature. Recently, there has been an increase in number of cases of poisoning of domestic and wild animals with highly toxic pesticides in the Republic of Serbia. During the two-year period (2016-2017), in total 40 autopsies of dogs and 2 cats from the territory of the South Bačka District were performed at the Department of Pathology at Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad” to determine the cause of death. Reasonable suspicion of poisoning in 13 dogs and 2 cats was made based on anamnestic data. The expertises were performed on request of the Republic veterinary inspector in 5 cases, and on the request of the owner in 8 cases. After autopsy, liver, kidneys and stomach content were sampled for toxicological analysis. The presence of carbofuran was determined in three dogs and one cat and the presence of 4,6-dinitro-ortho-cresol in one dog by method of gas-mass chromatography. In these cases of poisoning, on the basis of anamnestic data, clinical picture and autopsy finding it was concluded that poisonings were deliberate. Although the number of confirmed cases of domestic carnivores poisoning during the two-year period is relatively low, it is assumed that the number of undetected and undiagnosed poisoning cases is much higher. Abuse of highly toxic pesticides can have severe consequences for both public health and the overall biodiversity.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF THE EPIZOOTIC SITUATION AND RABIES VACCINATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
N.R. Miftakhov ◽  
◽  
R.M. Akhmadeev ◽  
Sh.M. Nasyrov ◽  
I.I. Samerkhanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Incidence Rate ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Currently, the rabies situation remains grave in the Russian federation. Almost all country regions face the activation of natural rabies foci. The number of disease cases among wild carnivores is growing, and domestic and farm animals are getting infected. Insufficient anti-rabies vaccination of animals and poor vaccine effectiveness control are the reasons behind the high incidence rate. Rabies control involves preventive immunization of farm and domestic animals, catching stray dogs and cats, oral vaccination of wild animals, and wildlife management measures. The paper describes the epizootic situation of rabies in the Republic of Tatarstan from 2010 to 2020. The study revealed a correlation be-tween incidence cases with preventive measures. The obtained data indicate that since 2016, rabies' epizootic situation has dramatically changed for the better in the Republic of Tatarstan. The change is due to timely quarantine and veterinary preventive measures. The incidence of rabies among farm animals has been minimized. Also, as the number of vaccinated livestock and domestic (cats and dogs) animals, as well as wild animals, increased 2,9 fold over the past years, the Republic of Tatarstan has managed to reach a significant immunisation level, thus preventing the spread of the disease and reducing the incidence of rabies.

scholarly journals АНАЛИЗ ЭПИЗООТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ ПО БЕШЕНСТВУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
L. Pilip ◽  
O. Byakova
Keyword(s):  
Viral Disease ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Raccoon Dogs ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

Rabies is a particularly dangerous deadly viral disease. The disease is transmitted through bites and saliva of domestic and wild carnivores. At risk is a person. On the territory of the Kirov region, the disease has been registered since 1991. The increase in the frequency of registering cases of rabies has been observed since 2013. The presence of foci in the neighboring regions of the Kirov region contributes to the unfavorable situation. For 2018, the Komi Republic and the Vologda Region are prosperous adjacent to the region. An increase in the number of cases of rabies was noted in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Nizhny Novgorod region. Most often rabies is recorded in wild animals (foxes, raccoon dogs), but cases of rabies in domestic (cats, dogs) and agricultural (cow, goat) animals are detected every year. For epizootic wellbeing, it is necessary to conduct routine vaccinations to ensure the protection of the person. The number of vaccinated domestic and farm animals increases annually. Compulsory vaccinations are cattle and small cattle, horses, pigs, dogs and cats. For wild animals, a vaccine for oral immunization of wild carnivorous animals against rabies is used, which is spread out three times a year. Before immunization, the number of wild carnivores is regulated to ensure their removal to 70. Key words: rabies, Kirov region, bite, dogs, foxes, raccoon dog, vaccination, natural focal disease.Бешенство, являясь особо опасным смертельным вирусным заболеванием, передается через укусы и слюну домашних и диких плотоядных животных. В группе риска находится человек. На территории РФ в 2018 году отмечено увеличение количества случаев бешенства в 1,24 раза по сравнению с 2017 годом. На территории Кировской области заболевание регистрируется с 1991 года. Увеличение частоты регистрации случаев бешенства наблюдается с 2013 года. В 2018 году произошло уменьшение числа зарегистрированных случаев в 4,33 и 4,47 раза по сравнению с 2017 и 2016 годами соответственно. В 2019 году в КО зарегистрированы бешенство у коровы, лисицы, собаки. Способствует стабильно неблагополучной ситуации наличие очагов в соседних с Кировской областью регионах и миграция диких животных. На 2018 год благополучными соседними с областью являются республика Коми и Вологодская область. Рост количества случаев бешенства отмечен в Республике Татарстан и Нижегородской области. Наиболее часто бешенство регистрируется у диких животных от 77 до 87 (лисы, енотовидные собаки), однако ежегодно выявляются случаи бешенства у домашних (кошки, собаки) и сельскохозяйственных (корова, коза) животных от 12 до 23. Для эпизоотического благополучия проводятся плановые вакцинации животных. В 2018 году в КО отмечено снижение количества провакцинированных домашних и сельскохозяйственных животных в 1,1 раза. Обязательной вакцинации подвергаются крупный и мелкий рогатый скот, лошади, свиньи, собаки и кошки. Для диких животных используется вакцина против бешенства для оральной иммунизации диких плотоядных животных, раскладываемая трижды в год. Перед иммунизацией проводится регулирование численности диких плотоядных с обеспечением их изъятия до 70. В период с 20122017 гг. в РФ из числа погибших от бешенства людей 70 не обращались за антирабической помощью, а 10 прервали антирабическое лечение. Последний официальный случай заболевания бешенством у человека в Кировской области был зарегистрирован в мае 1996 года.

scholarly journals Factors and features of manifestation and distribution of rabies on the territory of the Republic of Tuva

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Ch. О. Lopsan
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Wild Predators

The dynamics and features of animal rabies manifestation on the territory of the Republic of Tuva have been studied. In the Republic of Tuva in the period of 1979-2019 outbreaks of rabies were reported in 1979, 1987, 2007-2009, 2012-2014, 2018-2019. There were 79 adverse locations revealed with 127 laboratory confirmed cases of rabies of four species of wild animals, two domestic carnivores and four agricultural animals. For the first time the cause of the outbreak of rabies was the introduction of infection by wild carnivores from adverse neighboring regions and Mongolia. Subsequently, a natural focus of rabies developed on the territory of the region. The epidemic process of rabies proceeded with five waves of intensity exacerbation, which was facilitated by a sharp increase in the population of wild carnivores, especially wolves, as well as an uncontrolled population of stray dogs with the involvement of domestic and farm animals in the epizootic process. The spread of the disease is influenced by the natural and climatic conditions of the region, the traditional distant pasture management of livestock with the movement of livestock to pastures adjacent to the habitat of wild predators. Domestic and farm animals are attacked by predators, most often wolves and foxes. Infection of animals and humans with rabies occurs through bites with saliva. As a result, rabies foci appear in these areas. Zones of high and low degree of epizootic danger and zones free from rabies have been identified on the territory of the Republic of Tuva. The high-risk areas include the steppe and semi-desert territories of the Ubsu-Nur and Tuva depressions. The mountain-taiga Todzhinsky and Tere-Kholsky regions of the eastern zone are classified as areas of low epizootic danger; Pii-Khem and Kaa-Khem regions of the Yenisei basin of the central zone are classified as rabies-free.

Registration of animal rabies in Krasnodar region

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Oleg Yu. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
Vadim A. Bobrov ◽  
Sergey N. Zabashta ◽  
Roman A. Krivonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Reporting Data

Rabies remains a constant threat to humanity in many parts of the world. At the same time, scientifically grounded antiepizootic measures should be based on the peculiarities of the regional epizootology of this zooanthroponosis. The authors studied the epizootological and statistical reporting data of the Kropotkin Regional Veterinary Laboratory, presented an analysis of the registration of rabies in animals in Krasnodar region. From the obtained data, it should be noted that despite the wide range of animals involved in the epizootic process of rabies infection in Krasnodar region, dogs, cats and foxes play a major role in the reservation and spread of infection, which account for 78.6. Of the total number of registered cases, 15.5% falls on foxes, that indicates the natural focus of the disease, along with the manifestation of the disease in an urban form. At the same time, stray and neglected dogs and cats, which occupy a significant place among the total number of sick animals, are also sources and spread of the infection. Thus farm animals (8.3% of the total number of infected animals) are a biological dead end for the infection. Isolated cases of the disease were noted in muskrat, donkey, raccoon, raccoon dog, marten, ferret and jackal. The authors also established the specific morbidity of various animal species with rabies infection, that is an important aspect in the development and implementation of antiepizootic measures complex

Indicators of permanent teeth eruption in children of Tashkent city and comparative assessment with the data of peers of different Russian cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
R. T. Kamilova ◽  
J. A. Kamilov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Relevance. Characteristics of eruption of secondary teeth is of diagnostic and prognostic interest, is the basis for implementation of targeted therapeutic and preventive measures among children. No research has ever been carried out in Uzbekistan to study an age and gender regional features of secondary teeth eruption. The aim is to determine the timing and symmetry of secondary teeth eruption in children of the city of Tashkent of the Republic of Uzbekistan and comparative assessment with the children of different cities of Russia.Materials and methods. 3,834 children between 3 and 17 years were conducted dental examination. A comparative analysis was made of the initial, intermediate and final periods of eruption of secondary teeth for children of Uzbekistan (Tashkent city) and Russia (Saratov, Izhevsk and Sergach).Results. In Tashkent children of both gender, in most cases, lower teeth were erupted before than their antagonists. In girls, teeth were erupted earlier than their male counterparts. At the initial stage of eruption, asymmetry was more pronounced in boys than in girls, while in the middle and final stages it was more pronounced in the opposite direction. Observed asymmetry of antimere’s teeth were indicated left-handed permanent dentition in boys and right-handed in girls. Children of Tashkent city were observed permanent dentition in one group of teeth 1-16 months earlier, and in others – 1-24 months later than their peers in Russian cities. Revealed differences were more pronounced among boys than among girls. Children in Tashkent differed more from their peers in Sergach and less from those in Izhevsk. Conclusions. Regional peculiarities of permanent dentition in children of Tashkent city and revealed expressed differences with indicators of Russian children are the basis for development of separate age and  gender normative assessment permanent dentition tables for children of Uzbekistan. 

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