scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and potash on Early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus Snellen) incidence in differently maturing varieties of sugarcane

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Robin Singh ◽  
Dilbagh Ahlawat ◽  
S.S. Yadav ◽  
Kanika Nagpal ◽  
Ankur Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chilo Infuscatellus ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Selection Of

It has been argued that fertilization may influence the susceptibility of insect pests, and thus, can increase the crop production by lowering the incidence of insect-pest. Here, the present investigation was carried out to study the influence of nitrogen and potash levels on the incidence of early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen in sugarcane varieties at Regional Research Station CCSHAU Uchani farm, Karnal. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with three differently maturing varieties viz., Co 0238, CoH 119 and CoH 150 as main plot, three doses of nitrogen viz., 150, 200 and 250 kg per hectare (kg/ha) as sub plot and two doses of potash viz., 0 and 50 (kg/ha) as sub-sub plot. The early shoot borer mean per cent incidence recorded in April, May and June, 2015 was highest (7.68, 12.19 and 6.35, respectively) in Co 0238 while, lowest (5.16, 8.51 and 5.40, respectively) in CoH 119 followed by CoH 150 (6.29, 8.79 and 5.43, respectively). In relation to nitrogen application, maximum mean per cent incidence (7.12, 11.19 and 6.48, respectively) in April, May and June, 2015 of early shoot borer was recorded at 250 kg N/ha and the minimum (5.68, 8.57 and 5.23, respectively) at 150 kg N/ha. Application of potassium significantly reduced the shoot borer infestation with mean per cent incidence lower at 50 kg K2O/ha (5.90, 9.24 and 5.33, respectively) in April, May and June, 2015 compared to control i.e., no application of potassium (6.85, 10.42 and 6.12, respectively). Results revealed that application of potassium with optimum dose of nitrogenous fertilizer along with selection of suitable variety acted as preventive measures to avoid shoot borer infestation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of new insecticide molecules for their effectiveness in the management of sugarcane early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G. Umashankar ◽  
V.N. Patel ◽  
T. Nagaraja ◽  
L. Vijaykumar ◽  
S. Sugeetha
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chilo Infuscatellus ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

An experiment was conducted at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V.C farm, Mandya (Karnataka), India during 2015, to assess the chemical control of sugarcane early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus). Nine insecticides namely, Fipronil 0.3G, Chlorantraniliprole 0.4G, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Spinosad 45SC, Flubendiamide 39.35SC, Cartap hydrochloride 4G, Phorate 10G, Carbofuran 3G, Chlorpyriphos 20EC, and compared with untreated (Check plot)using randomized block design with three replications. Significant differences were noticed among the treatments. Chlorantraniliprole 0.4G recorded lowest cumulative incidence (2.79 %) and highest per cent reduction over the control (85.78 %) which was followed by Cartap hydrochloride 4G (5.37% and 72.65%), Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC (5.95% and 75.62%), Flubendiamide 39.35SC (6.64% and 66.19%) and Fipronil 0.3G (6.83% and 65.22%) were found significantly superior in reducing the cumulative incidence of C. infuscatellus.In Co 86032 Cartap hydrochloride 4G was found to be the best insecticide in getting a highest cost benefit ratio (1:12.39). Other insecticides such as Fipronil 0.3G (1:8.84), Chlorantraniliprole 0.4G (1:6.96), Flubendiamide 39.35SC (1:5.42) and Spinosad 45SC (1:4.16) have also recorded better cost benefit ratio. Since Cartap hydrochloride 4G does not have crop label so we can recommend Fipronil 0.3G or Chlorantraniliprole 0.4G for the management of sugarcane early shoot borer.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticides for the Management of Litchi Fruit and Shoot Borer

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Sudeep Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Sunil Aryal ◽  
Bikash Bhusal ◽  
Bedanand Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
Severe Loss ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
The One ◽  
Litchi Fruit

Litchi is an important subtropical evergreen fruit crop grown in Nepal, which have high nutritive value and refreshing taste. The Litchi growers are experiencing severe loss every year with the damage caused by several insect pests. Among them fruit and shoot borer Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is the one of the important insect pest. Experiments were conducted at RARS Tarahara on existing litchi orchard in RCBD design with four replication and five insecticides (Azadiractin, Chlorantraniliprole, Flubendiamide, Lambda cyhalothrin, and Dimethoate) with recommended doses in litchi orchard against C. sinensis during 2015 and 2016 AD to find out the efficient one. Among the tested insecticide chlorantraniliprole (18.5% w/w SC) and flubendiamide (39.35% m/m SC) each were found to be most efficient against C. sinensis and could be applied at the rate of 1 ml per 3 liter of water when fruit size was about pea and applied 3 times with 10 days interval.  This result suggested that these two insecticides could be used for the management for C. sinensis. Farmers may reduce the losses and increase their income with the application of these insecticides

scholarly journals Biología de Memphis sp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): plaga potencial de la palma de aceite en la zona pacífica colombiana

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
William Tolosa ◽  
Eduardo Amador Peña
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Research Station ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>En Colombia se han detectado diversas especies de insectos plaga que afectan la palma de aceite en las cuatro zonas geográficas en las cuales se encuentra establecido este cultivo permanente. Algunas prácticas de control no han sido las más adecuadas, lo que ha originado desequilibrios en los agroecosistemas que inciden sobre la entomofauna naturalmente asociada al cultivo, ocasionando el incremento de las poblaciones de insectos plaga ya conocidos y el surgimiento de especies desconocidas que, por sus hábitos alimenticios y reproductivos, deben considerarse como plagas potenciales. La aparición de <em>Memphis </em>sp<em>. </em>(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) en la zona productora de Tumaco (Nariño) puede representar uno de esos casos, pues muestreos foliares efectuados durante 2005 en lotes de palma de aceite de seis años de edad plantados en la Estación Experimental El Mira de Corpoica, registraron poblaciones de hasta 4 larvas/hoja que superan la baja infestación previamente reportada de 1 larva/hoja. Este trabajo se realizó para establecer la biología y hábitos de <em>Memphis </em>sp<em>. </em>en la zona de Tumaco (Nariño) y aportar al conocimiento del ciclo de vida de este insecto.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Biology of Memphis sp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): a potential pest of oil palm in the western Colombian coast</strong></p><p>In Colombia several species of insect pest affect oil palm in each of the four geographical zones where it is planted. Some management practices have not been adequately performed and agroecosystem imbalances have resulted, with negative impacts on the natural entomofauna associated to this crop, causing increases of insect pests already present and given rise to potential new pests mainly because of their feeding and reproductive habits. The report of Memphis sp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Tumaco (Nariño) could be such a case. Foliar surveys done on 2005 in six year old palms at the El Mira Research Station of Corpoica, reported populations of 4 larvae/leaf, an increase from the low lever infestation of 1 larvae/leaf previously reported. This study reports on the insect life cycle and the biology and habits of Memphis sp.</p>

MODERN PREPARATIONS FOR CEREAL CROPS PROTECTION AGAINST CORN FLIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
М. N. Shorokhov ◽  
V. A. Khilevskiy ◽  
А. N. Martynushkin ◽  
L. А. Burkova
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Rostov Oblast ◽  
Omsk Oblast ◽  
Insect Pest Management ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Production Technologies

Protective activities (including chemical ones) remain an integral part of crop production technologies. Assortment of chemicals is being changed all the time. Currently as a part of crop flies management it is permitted to use chemicals belonging to different structural classes. Major advantage, as can be seen in instance of pyrethroids, is the high initial effectiveness (95-100 %) and relatively low price, however its protective period is short. Introduction of seed dressing insecticides into the Russian market was a breakthrough in the insect pest management of crop flies and some other crop insect pests. Bayer CropScience AG developed and registered on the Russian market a first ever insecticide-fungicide seed dressing, Scenic Combi, CS (250+37.5+37.5+5 g/l) which contains 4 active substances (clothianidin, fluoxastrobin, prothioconazole, tebuconazole). This paper presents the data on the effectiveness of modern insecticides in crop flies management in the conditions of Omsk Oblast and Rostov Oblast for a period from 2011 to 2017. Sufficient biological effectiveness (80-100 %) of the wheat insect pest management is established when vegetative plants were sprayed with the following chemicals: Kungfu Super, Eforiya, BOREJ Neo, Thiacloprid + deltamethrin, Chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin, Shaman, Imidacloprid + alpha-cypermethrin, Imidor, Chlorpyrifos, Sharpej, Thiacloprid + lambda-cyhalothrin. The conclusion is made about the applicability of these chemicals providing its inclusion into the State catalogue of pesticides and agricultural chemicals.

scholarly journals Insect Pest Associated With Tomato In Local Vegetable Markets Of Sindh, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghaffar Khoso ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Farrukh Asghar ◽  
Mansab Khan ◽  
Enayat Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Minimum Thickness ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Total Average

Study was carried out on “Insect pests associated with tomato in local vegetable markets of Sindh, Pakistan” during November and December 2018. The insect pests’ infested-tomatoes are also sold in local vegetable markets and consume by people in Sindh, Pakistan. In present study was seen that the tomato fruit borer (caterpillar) fed symptoms, it had holed and bored, starting where the stem is attached to the fruit and these were ripped tomatoes and red colour. Insect infested tomatoes were collected; the thickness, length, the holes and inner fruit (interior) portions of the fruit damaged by the larvae were also measured and examined. A random selection of 30 vegetable vendor shops was selected in each city of Sindh. The largest pest infested tomato fruit was 30,120, the minimum was 2, 2 from the stock of 5, 5 kg, and 4, 7 green vegetable vendor shops there no pests found in tomato fruits. Overall, 243,995 insect-infested tomatoes were found in 305,515 kg, 30, 30 vegetable vender shops in Qasimabad and Shahdadkot. The maximum and minimum mean thicknesses and lengths of tomato fruits recorded from Qasimabad and Shahdadkot were 3.73, 3.31 cm, 3.06, 2.82 cm and 5.19, 4.75 cm, and 2.98, 3.7, respectively. The overall maximum and minimum thickness and tomato fruit length were 2.77, 3.83 cm and 2.47, 3.51 cm, respectively. The maximum and minimum mean ​​of tomato fruit hole and depth (internal feeding part) infested by insects were 0.73, 0.94 cm2 and 0.43, 0.61 cm2 and 1.07, 1.01 cm2 and 0.4, 0.38 cm2, respectively. While, the Overall total average hole diameter depth of the insect-infested tomato fruit was 0.51, 1.12 cm2 and the total depth was 0.75, 0.55 cm2 of the Qasimabad and Shahdadkot recorded respectively. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 217-221

scholarly journals Assessment of Farmers’ Indigenous Knowledge and Preferences: A Tool for Sustainable Lablab Bean (Lablab purpureus. L. Sweet) Improvement and Utilization in Northern Tanzania

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kissa G. Chawe ◽  
Pavithravani B. Venkataramana ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Participatory farmers’ selection of preferred lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) was conducted in Moshi Rural, Kilimanjaro in northern Tanzania to identify farmers preferred traits and accessions. An experimental plot was laid down in augmented block design where a total of 41 accessions including the local check (Katumani) and improved variety (HA4) were sown in three blocks at the spacing of 75 cm x 40 cm. Semi-structured questionnaire and checklists were prepared to gather the farmers’ preferences and knowledge as well as factors for lablab crop abandonment. The factors for crop abandonment identified were unavailability of quality and improved varieties, low yield, the high cost of agro-chemicals, the presence of diseases and insect pests. In this study, farmers’ selection criteria of the accessions were resistance to diseases and insect pest, the number of pods per plant, early maturity, high yielding capacity, seed colourand size. The results showed that accessions D163 scored higher votes followed by D137, D88, D27, D85, D155, D7, D159, and D151 while the least preferred accession was D140 with Garrets’ mean score of 50.11, 50.06, 50.05, 50.02, 50.00, 49.88, 49.77, 49.59, 49.56 and 49.52, respectively. Farmers’ ranked traits to be incorporated for future bean breeding in order of importance as; high yielding, better taste, earliness and short cooking time. Therefore, successful selection of germplasm through participatory research can raise awareness, adoption, and utilization of the lablab crop which change the portfolio of varieties available in the area and open the new door for plant breeders.

scholarly journals Effects of Prohydrojasmon on the Number of Infesting Herbivores and Biomass of Field-Grown Japanese Radish Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Yoshida ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Rika Ozawa ◽  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
Yuka Okemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Indirect Defenses ◽  
Japanese Radish

Prohydrojasmon (PDJ), an analog of jasmonic acid (JA), was found to induce direct and indirect defenses against herbivores in non-infested plants. To test whether PDJ can be used for pest control in crop production, we conducted experiments in pesticide-free Japanese radish fields from October 4 to December 12 in 2015. Twenty-four Japanese radish plants in three plots were treated with a 100 times-diluted commercial formulation (5%) of PDJ (treated plants), and 24 plants in three different plots were treated with water (control plants) until November 29 every week. Throughout the observation period, the number of aphids, leaf-mining fly larvae, vegetable weevils, and thrips was significantly lower on the treated plants than on the control plants. In contrast, the number of lepidopteran larvae was not significantly different between the treated and control plants throughout the study period. Parasitized aphids (mummies) were also observed in both plots. Poisson regression analyses showed that a significantly higher number of mummies was recorded on the treated plants as compared to that on the control plants when the number of aphids increased. This suggested that PDJ application to Japanese radish plants attracted more parasitoid wasps on the treated plants than on the control plants. We also identified eight terpenoids and methyl salicylate as the PDJ-induced plant volatiles in the headspace of the treated plants. Some of these volatiles might be responsible for attracting aphid-parasitoid wasps in the field. However, for other insect pests, we did not find any natural enemies. Interestingly, the genes of the JA and salicylic acid signaling pathways were differentially upregulated in the treated plants. We also observed that the PDJ treatments induced the expression of the genes related to glucosinolate biosynthesis and the subsequent isothiocyanate formation. Additionally, the weights of both the aboveground and belowground parts of the treated plants were significantly lower than those of the respective parts of the control plants. These results indicated that the treatment of Japanese radish plants with a 100 times-diluted commercial formulation of PDJ induced their direct and indirect defenses against several insect pest species to reduce their numbers, and negatively affected their biomass.

scholarly journals RESPONSIFITAS VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU TEBU MASAK AWAL TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mala Murianingrum ◽  
Djumali Busro ◽  
Prima Diarini Riajaya
Keyword(s):  
Linear Equations ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Quadratic Equations ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

More than 40% of the potential gap of varieties of sugarcane with actual results in the field is one of the causes of sugar self-sufficiency in Indonesia which has not been reached. The limited knowledge about the responsiveness of  early maturity sugarcane varieties to ferlization is one of the factors causing the large gap. The study aims to determine the responsiveness of new superior early maturity sugarcane varieties conducted in Janti Village, Kediri during July 2018 – August 2019. The study was arranged in a split plot design and repeated 3 times. The main plot consists of 5 fertilizing doses (0.9; 1.0; 1.1; 1.2, and 1.3 times the recommended dose). The subplots consists of 6 new varieties of early maturity sugarcane (MLG 5, MLG 9, MLG 14, PSMLG 2, PSMLG 1, and PS 881). Regression analysis is used to determine the form of response. The optimum dose was determined using the first derivative for closed quadratic equations and was determined > 1.3 times for positive linear equations. Varieties were grouped based on their optimum dose into five groups (no response, little response, sufficient response, more response, and very responsive). The results showed that the MLG 5, PSMLG 1, and PS 881 were classified as sufficient response, while MLG 9, MLG 14, and PSMLG 2 were classified as very responsive to fertilization. 

scholarly journals Population dynamics of early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen on sugarcane as influenced by weather conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302
Author(s):  
Kanwar Kumar ◽  
Maha Singh Jaglan ◽  
Tarun Verma
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chilo Infuscatellus ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Shoot Borer

A field experiment on population dynamics of early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen on sugarcane was carried out during 2016-17 crop season at the research farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Karnal. Studies on population dynamics revealed thathighest incidence (3.81 per cent in CoH 160, 4.60 per cent in CoH 119 and 3.12 per cent in CoS 767) of C. infuscatellus was recorded during 24th SMW. Correlation of C. infuscatellus population with various environmental factors revealed that there was a significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (Tmax.) and had a non-significant and positive correlation with minimum temperature (Tmin.) and sun shine hours (SSH) (r= 0.513, 0.287 and 0.452) on CoH 160, (r= 0.504, 0.321 and 0.431) on CoH 119 and(r= 0.537, 0.276 and 0.445) on CoS 767, respectively whereas it has non-significant and negative correlation with relative humidity (morning), relative humidity (evening) andrainfall (r= -0.172, -0.206 and -0.147) on CoH 160, (r= -0.147, -0.172 and -0.130) on CoH 119 and(r= -0.187, -0.223 and -0.160) on CoS 767. Multiple regression analysis of C. infuscatellus population with weather parameters showed that there was 77 per cent (CoH 160), 75 per cent (CoH 119) and 76 per cent (CoS767) variability in dead heart formation due to various environmental factors. The population dynamics revealed by this study have far reaching significance in pest management strategy as integrated control measures may be focused only during the period wherein population exceeds economic threshold level (ETL).

scholarly journals The influence of selection on the preferendum of a Chalcid ( Microplectron fuscipennis Zett.) and its significance in the biological control of an insect pest

1942 ◽  
Vol 130 (861) ◽  
pp. 400-415 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Selection Of

The preferred temperature of Microplectron fuscipennis Zett., a Chalcid parasite of the European spruce sawfly, has been investigated with special reference to (1) changes produced by selective breeding, and (2) the significance of such changes in the biological control of insect pests. The average preferendum of both sexes is between 21·2 and 22·8°C, with two minor peaks, one at 15°C and another at 9°C. In midsummer three groups preferring temperatures at 25, 15 and 9°C are nearly equal. Such changes were due to the selection of breeding stock and not related to seasonal or previous temperature experiences. Within four inbred generations a line was established in which most of the individuals preferred the low temperature selected by the parents. So far, two groups have been isolated; one preferring a temperature of 25°C and another of 9°C.

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