scholarly journals A Comparative Study of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor and Bio-shaft Technology for a Wastewater Treatment Process: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Rana Hasan Hasannajy ◽  
Basim Khudair Al-Obaidi ◽  
Mohammed Sadeq Salman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process

In addition to the primary treatment, biological treatment is used to reduce inorganic and organic components in the wastewater. The separation of biomass from treated wastewater is usually important to meet the effluent disposal requirements, so the MBBR system has been one of the most important modern technologies that use plastic tankers to transport biomass with wastewater, which works in pure biofilm, at low concentrations of suspended solids. However, biological treatment has been developed using the active sludge mixing process with MBBR. Turbo4bio was established as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment plants in the early 1990s and ran on minimal sludge, and is easy to maintain. This has now evolved into a technology that has proven successful worldwide with trouble-free operation and improved Turbo4bio technology, an advanced high-intensity ventilation system fully enclosed and non-mechanical, ensuring odor-free operation, simple and environmentally friendly operation and long life of domestic and commercial wastewater treatment And the municipality. In this paper, a comparison between MBBR and T4B treatment system was made. As a general review of previous research and experiments, it is possible to reduce the total cost based on building all plant structures to obtain concentrations within the permissible limits of pollutants at the final outlets. It is clear that the use of MBBR has contributed to the realization of simultaneous biological phosphorous and nitrogen removal experiments, which aim to change the more significant methods developed from conventional methods, from the advantages of the Turbo 4 Bioreactor with low cost and high production performance, with less energy consumption and lower operating costs because it does not require Chemicals for processing, cleaning, and disinfection. It only takes small amounts of chlorine, the use of a compressor system for air, and rapid recovery providing high rates of generation of biomass to restore the plant quickly.

Compact high-rate treatment of wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
H. Ødegaard ◽  
Z. Liao ◽  
E. Melin ◽  
H. Helness
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Colloidal Matter

Many cities need to build compact wastewater treatment plants because of lack of land. This paper discusses compact treatment methods. An enhanced primary treatment process based on coarse media filtration is analysed. A high-rate secondary wastewater treatment process has specifically been investigated, consisting of a highly loaded moving bed biofilm reactor directly followed by a coagulation and floc separation step. The objective with this high-rate process is to meet secondary treatment effluent standards at a minimum use of chemicals, minimum sludge production and minimum footprint. It is demonstrated that the biofilm in the bioreactor mainly deals with the soluble organic matter while coagulation deals with the colloidal matter. The bioreactor may, therefore, be designed based on the soluble COD loading only, resulting in a very compact plant when a compact biomass/floc separation reactor (i.e. flotation or direct filtration) is used. The paper reports specifically on the coagulant choice in flotation and filter run time in direct filtration.

scholarly journals Variations in Illicit Compound Discharged from Treated Wastewater

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Kasjan Paciuszkiewicz ◽  
Michelle Ryan ◽  
Ian A. Wright ◽  
Jason K. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Consistent Basis

The detection and monitoring of illicit drug concentrations in environmental waters is of increasing interest. This study aimed to determine if illicit and regulated compounds, their potential pre-cursors, and metabolites varied in amount discharged into the environment from treated wastewater at different facilities. Water samples were taken from discharge points of four different tertiary wastewater treatment plants discharging directly into the Hawkesbury-Nepean River (Australia) on two different occasions and analysed to determine the concentrations of compounds including: ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, and benzoylecgonine. Here, we show that detectable levels of illicit drug and metabolites are being emitted on a consistent basis after having persisted through the wastewater treatment process. The concentrations of methamphetamine are in excess of previously reported surface water concentrations. The estimated total load of compounds being discharged on a daily basis is greater than similar sized catchment areas. The results presented here are of concern from both an ecological and human health perspective.

Biological sludge solubilisation for reduction of excess sludge production in wastewater treatment process

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
Y. Yao ◽  
Y. Kihara
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Sludge Production

A novel sludge disintegration system (JFE-SD system) was developed for the reduction of excess sludge production in wastewater treatment plants. Chemical and biological treatments were applied to disintegrate excess sludge. At the first step, to enhance biological disintegration, the sludge was pretreated with alkali. At the second step, the sludge was disintegrated by biological treatment. Many kinds of sludge degrading microorganisms integrated the sludge. The efficiency of the new sludge disintegration system was confirmed in a full-scale experiment. The JFE-SD system reduced excess sludge production by approximately 50% during the experimental period. The quality of effluent was kept at quite a good level. Economic analysis revealed that this system could significantly decrease the excess sludge treatment cost.

Research on the Experimental Device of Combined Two-Phase ABR and SBR

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 677-681
Author(s):  
Ling Jing ◽  
Xin Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Two Phase

With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production in China, the industrial waste water and city wastewater discharged to water environment are increasing. Anaerobic biological treatment is a low-cost wastewater treatment technology and is also a combined technology of the wastewater treatment and energy recovery, it can be used as a core part of energy production and environmental protection system, its product can be actively used to result economic value. After in-depth and systematically study the mechanism and mass transfer theory of anaerobic biological treatment technology, this paper designs anaerobic reactor of high efficiency in mass transfer, namely the anaerobic baffled - elastic packing biofilm reactor.

scholarly journals Model Studies on the Effectiveness of MBBR Reactors for the Restoration of Small Water Reservoirs

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Agata Nowak ◽  
Robert Mazur ◽  
Ewa Panek ◽  
Joanna Chmist
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Small Water

The authors present the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) model with a quasi-continuous flow for small water reservoir restoration, characterized by high concentrations of organic pollutants. To determine the efficiency of wastewater treatment the laboratory analysis of physic-chemical parameters were conducted for the model on a semi-technical scale of 1:3. Wastewater treatment process was carried out in 24 h for 1 m3 for raw sewage. The startup period was 2 weeks for all biofilters (biological beds). Approximately 50% reduction in COD and BOD5 was obtained on average for the studied bioreactors. Significant improvements were achieved in theclarity of the treated wastewater, with the reduction of suspension by 60%. The oxygen profile has improved significantly in 7 to 9 hours of the process, and a diametric reduction in the oxidative reduction potential was recorded. A preliminary model of biological treatment effectiveness was determined based on the conducted studies. In final stages, the operation mode was set in real conditions of polluted water reservoirs.

Occurrence and removal efficiency of six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different wastewater treatment plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1844-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manli Wu ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Huining Xu ◽  
Yi Ding
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Occurrence and removal efficiency of six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[ghi]perylene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene) in wastewater were monitored at different treatment processes in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEHC18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1 mm × 50 mm). A 0.2 μm precolumn filter was used to protect the analytical column. The result indicated that (1) the total concentrations of six PAHs were 427, 318, and 220 ng L–1 in the influent of three wastewater treatment plants, respectively. Among six PAHs, the content of fluoranthene was the highest, accounting for 62–66% of total PAHs. (2) Throughout the wastewater treatment process, different treatment units exhibited different removal efficiencies for six PAHs. Biological treatment stage and aerated grit chamber appeared to be necessary for effective removal of six PAHs. The removal efficiencies of six PAHs were 73–83% at biological treatment units, and 24–56% at the aerated grit stage, respectively. The final sedimentation and disinfection for PAH removal was minor.

scholarly journals Tracking SARS-CoV-2 RNA through the wastewater treatment process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Abu Ali ◽  
Karin Yaniv ◽  
Edo Bar-Zeev ◽  
Sanhita Chaudhury ◽  
Marilou Shaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Important Barrier ◽  
Rna Concentration

ABSTRACTThe municipal sewage carries the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), shed by COVID-19 patients, to wastewater treatment plants. Proper wastewater treatment can provide an important barrier for preventing uncontrolled discharged of the virus into the environment. However, the role of the different wastewater treatment stages in reducing virus concentrations was, thus far, unknown. In this work, we quantified SARS-CoV-RNA in the raw sewage and along the main stages of the wastewater process from two different plants in Israel during this COVID-19 outbreak. We found that ca. 2 Log removal could be attained after primary and secondary treatment. Despite this removal, significant concentrations of SARS-CoV-RNA (>100 copies per mL) could still be detected in the treated wastewater. However, after treatment by chlorination, SARS-CoV-RNA was detected only once, likely due to insufficient chlorine dose. Our results highlight the need to protect wastewater treatment plants operators, as well as populations living near areas of wastewater discharge, from the risk of infection. In addition, our results emphasize the capabilities and limitations of the conventional wastewater treatment process in reducing SARS-CoV-RNA concentration, and present preliminary evidence for the importance of tertiary treatment and chlorination in reducing SARA-CoV-2 dissemination.

Evaluation of Small Wastewater Treatment Plants in the County of Århus – Denmark

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Jes la Cour Jansen ◽  
Bodil Mose Pedersen ◽  
Erik Moldt
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Different Types

Influent and effluent data from about 120 small wastewater treatment plants (100 - 2000 PE) have been collected and processed. Seven different types of plants are represented. The effluent quality and the treatment efficiency have been evaluated. The most common type of plant is mechanical/biological treatment plants. Some of them are nitrifying and some are also extended for chemical precipitation of phosphorus. Constructed wetlands and biological sandfilters are also represented among the small wastewater treatment plants.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Process in Disinfection and Advanced Treatment of Tertiary Treated Wastewater

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Rafał Tytus Bray ◽  
Katarzyna Jankowska ◽  
Eliza Kulbat ◽  
Aneta Łuczkiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Sokołowska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper presents the results of research on the use of ultrafiltration, using membranes of 200 and 400 kDa separation, for disinfection of municipal treated wastewater. The research was conducted on a fractional technical scale using real municipal treated wastewater from two large wastewater treatment plants treating most of the wastewater over the one-million polycentric Gdańsk agglomeration (1.2 million inhabitants). UF 200 kDa and UF 400 kDa processes enabled further improvement of the physical and chemical parameters of treated wastewater. Total phosphorus (to below 0.2 mg/L–UF 200 kDa, 0.13 mg/L–UF 400 kDa) and turbid substances (to below 0.2 mg/L, both membranes) were removed in the highest degree. COD was reduced efficiently (to below 25.6 mgO2/L–UF 200 kDa, 26.8 mgO2/L–UF 400 kDa), while total nitrogen was removed to a small extent (to 7.12 mg/L–UF 200 kDa and 5.7 mg/L–UF 400 kDa. Based on the reduction of indicator bacteria; fecal coliforms including E. coli (FC) and fecal enterococci (FE) it was found that the ultrafiltration is an effective method of disinfection. Not much indicator bacterial were observed in the permeate after processes (UF 200 kDa; FC—5 CFU/L; FE—1 CFU/L and UF 400 kDa; FC—70 CFU/L; FE—10 CFU/L. However, microscopic analysis of prokaryotic cells and virus particles showed their presence after the application of both membrane types; TCN 3.0 × 102 cells/mL–UF 200 kDa, 5.0 × 103 cells/mL–UF 400 kDa, VP 1.0 × 105/mL. The presence of potentially pathogenic, highly infectious virus particles means that ultrafiltration cannot be considered a sufficient disinfection method for treated wastewater diverted for reuse or discharged from high load wastewater treatment plants to recreational areas. For full microbiological safety it would be advisable to apply an additional disinfection method (e.g., ozonation).

Detection and molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus in treated wastewater in the Brazilian Federal District

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. C. Quintão ◽  
F. G. Silva ◽  
A. L. Pereira ◽  
W. N. Araújo ◽  
P. M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Enteric Adenovirus ◽  
Enteric Adenoviruses

AbstractHuman enteric viruses, such as enteric adenoviruses (HAdV), are known to be involved with gastrointestinal disorders, especially acute gastroenteritis. Several studies have used HAdV as an indicator of water quality, since they are considered highly stable and widely distributed viruses in water matrices. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype HAdVs in water matrices impacted by discharges of treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Wastewater treatment plants from the sanitary system of the Brazilian Federal District were assessed in 2018 and 2019. Samples were collected upstream and downstream from discharge points for each WWTP. Viral concentration based on adsorption-elution and conventional PCR was used for molecular detection, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Pluviosity data for the period in which the samples were collected were obtained. Our results demonstrated the presence of HAdVs in 27.2% (61/224) of the samples. The positivity was significantly higher in downstream samples compared to upstream. Moreover, the HAdV positivity was higher in downstream samples collected from receiving water bodies impacted by secondary-level WWTPs in comparison with those impacted by tertiary-level WWTPs. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of genotypes 40 and 41, with prevalence of HAdV genotype 41. Despite the predominance of HAdV-41, an increasing frequency of the HAdV-40 was associated with higher pluviosity. In conclusion, this study is the first documentation in the Brazilian Federal District dealing with the prevalence and diversity of HAdVs in several WWTP, along with their correlation with rainfall index.

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