Change in Agrochemical Properties of Sod-Podzolic Soil in the Vegetation Period of Winter Rye

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
N. E. Zavyalova ◽  
O. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agrochemical Properties

FEATURES OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN VARIETIES OF WINTER RYE

1970 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
A. A. Torop ◽  
V. V. Chaykin ◽  
E. A. Torop ◽  
I. S. Brailova ◽  
S. A. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Productivity Potential

We compared peculiarities of the production process of the older and modern(created 80 years after) sorts of winter rye. It is determined that the specific coenotic productivity of a modern sort is 60.6% higher.This increase is due to higher number of productive sprouts per unit area and higher sprout weight. The coenosis of modern sorts is highly resistant to lodging. The modern sort has a 33.5% higher leaf surface index and a 17.7% higher share of the leaves in the upper tier, differing in their erectile orientation in space. As for the content of total chlorophyll in the dry matter of leaves and vagina, the modern sort is inferior to the older by 30.2%during theearing period, and by 17.5%during the milky-wax ripeness period.As for the content of total chlorophyll in the sowing area, the compared sorts were practically the same, but the ratio between chlorophyll a and c was noticeably different. As for the chlorophyll content in stems, in dry matter and in the area of ​​sowing, the modern sort is inferior by1.5 times and more to the older in both observation terms. The sorts differed in the biomass accumulation and its distribution between the parts during the vegetation period. To establish the ear productivity, the older sort used only the current photosynthesis products.In conditions of an unfavorable growth year, the modern sort used previously accumulated by leaves and re-utilized assimilates. The actual and potential productivity of an ear in a modern sort is higher by 77.4 and 68.0%, respectively, but the degree of its vegetative mass supply is lower by 48.6%.Only due to the higher, by 77.4%, utilization of the mass of the sprout, the modern sort binds a greater number of grains in the ear with a higherseparate mass.Since the sharp increase in the ear productivity potential was not accompanied by the same growth of the sprout vegetative mass, the modern sort, in unfavorable conditions for growth, has tensions in the relation system between the sprout vegetative mass and pouring grain. This may be the reason of the unstable achievedyield level.

Actinomycete complexes in the rhizosphere of winter rye on soddy podzolic soil

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Shirokikh ◽  
O. V. Merzaeva
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Winter Rye

scholarly journals Agrochemical and water-physical properties of sod-podzolic soil with drip irrigation of a fruit nursery

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
N. N. Dubenok ◽  
A. V. Gemonov ◽  
A. V. Lebedev ◽  
O. E. Efimov ◽  
A. A. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Relevance. The use of irrigation is one of the directions of intensification of fruit growing. Drip irrigation is considered one of the promising methods of irrigation, which provides the creation of the most favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, makes it possible to supply irrigation water directly to their roots and allows the use of automation tools in the irrigation process. The results of ongoing scientific research show that changes in the water-physical and agrochemical properties of soils can be observed on irrigated lands. For the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, studies on the influence of drip irrigation on soil properties are fragmentary.Methods. Field studies were conducted on the territory of the educational experimental farm of the Michurinsky Garden fruit growing laboratory of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. A two-factor experience in the study of different ranges of moisture for the formation of varietal plum seedlings grafted on plum tree stock was laid in the spring of 2018. Before setting up the experiment, organic fertilizers were introduced in the form of horse manure with sawdust in the amount of 100 t/ha. Soil moisture was controlled using tensiometers, calibrated based on the data of the thermostat-weight method. Irrigation rates were set in such a way as to increase the moisture content by 20% of the lowest moisture capacity. The identification of the main agrochemical and water-physical properties of the soil in the experimental plot was carried out according to generally accepted methods and techniques.Results. The data obtained on the characteristics of the water-physical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil make it possible to reasonably design the irrigation regime, reclamation and agrotechnical measures. The results of the study show that the local irrigation of soils with sparing irrigation rates with the application has led to certain changes in some soil parameters. However, the obtained research results suggest that in quantitative terms, these changes are not yet significant.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on fertility of sod-podzolic soil, productivity and quality of grain crops

2017 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Lyskova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Basic Norm ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Experiments were conducted in 2008.2015 in Kirov region. Effectiveness of liming, input of nitric (N90 kg/ha of acting matter) and increasing dozes of phosphoric fertilizers (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha of acting matter) in complex with nitric-potassium fertilizers (90 kg/ha of acting matter each) on agronomical parameters of soil, productivity and grain quality of winter rye, spring wheat and oat was studied on stationary field experiment. In variant without liming and fertilizing significant acidification of soil was taken place (pH 3.9, Al 9.5 mg/100 g of soil) in compare with initial values (pH 4.5...4.7). Inputting N90P100-200K90 leads to increase in exchangeable and hydrolytic acidity, content of mobile aluminum (up to 13.6.15.4 mg/100 g, and phosphorus (up to 156.209 mg/kg on non-liming and 147.248 mg/kg on liming backgrounds at phosphorus concentration in soil solution 0.56.0.68 and 0.75.1.39 mg/l correspondingly). On the liming-free background, productivity of winter rye was in average 1.92, oat - 3.90, and wheat - 2.26 t/ha; liming increased productivity on 15.27, 13.29, and 16.32% correspondingly. Nitric fertilizers had significant influence in forming of addition yield. In variant N90 on the liming background 1.15 t/ha of winter rye grain, 1.6 t/ha of oat, and 0.78 t/ ha of wheat was gathered additionally and the highest recoupment of fertilezers with grain (12.6, 17.8, and 8.7 kg) was reached. Maximal levels in productivity of cereals obtained in variants with NPK input; tendency to increase in productivity because of increasing dozes of super-phosphate is marked on liming-free background. Nitric fertilizers significantly influenced on content of nitrogen, raw protein and gluten in spring wheat grain; correlation is marked between spring wheat productivity and content of raw protein (r = 0.79) and gluten (r = 0.78) in grain. Test weight of all crops was higher then basic norm independent on fertilizers input.

scholarly journals The effect of organic fertilizers on the physico-chemical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sedykh ◽  
Vitaliy Savich ◽  
Oleg Efimov ◽  
Vasily Rashkovich
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Soil

Studies of the effect of litter chicken manure applied in doses of 500-1000 t/ha showed a significant increase in the humus content in soils up to 2.8-5.2%, led to an increase in the content of thermophilic microflora in soils up to 12 · 105 CFU/ g, to an increase in the content of mobile phosphates up to 1200 mg/kg. However, the content of mobile forms of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni) also increased. The increase in humus content in soils positively correlated with the content of mobile phosphates (r up to 0.5). Keywords: SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL, FERTILIZERS, CHICKEN MANURE, AGROCHEMICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL SOIL PROPERTIES

EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM APPLICATION ON SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL IN CROP ROTATION WITH POTATOES

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Людмила Федотова ◽  
Ludmila Fedotova ◽  
Наталья Аканова ◽  
Natal'y Akanova ◽  
Кирилл Косодуров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
3.0 T

The research is aimed to improve the agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil and increase the productivity of crop rotation with potatoes. The decrease in the mineral and organic fertilizers use in Non-Chernozem zone of Russia leads to low yields of potato tubers and worse agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils. Agronomical positive and ecologically safe effects of phosphogypsum on physical and chemical properties of sod-podzolic sandy soil and formation of productivity and quality of potato and spring barley was revealed. With the introduction of phosphogypsum, on average for 3 years, the soil received (kg S/ha per year): with a dose of 0.5 t/ha +35.1, with a dose of 1.0 t/ha +57.6, with a dose of 1.5 t/ha +79.8 and against a background of 3.0 t/ha +105.6, which led to an increase in the content of salpho in the soil, respectively, introduced doses of meliorant – by 9.7, 17.5, 26.5 and 32.9 mg S/kg compared to the initial level. A single application of phosphogypsum to sod-podzolic soil provided an increase in the content of labile phosphorus by 72 and 40 mg/kg against the background of doses of 1.5 and 3.0 t/ha. The As-sessment of the possible toxicity of phosphogypsum showed that the ratio of Ca/Sr in the soil is at a safe level and amounted to 97 in the control variant, against the background of doses of phosphogypsum 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 t/ha – 104-117. In total, for three years of research, the use of meliorant provided an increase in the productivity of potato – barley – potato crop rotation by 30-38 kg of grains units/ha or 19-24% in comparison with the option where only NPK fertilizers were used.

scholarly journals Chicken droppings influence on sod-podzolic soil fertility change studying experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
V V Okorkov ◽  
N N Shchukin ◽  
L A Okorkova
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract The aim of the research was to study the effect of fresh chicken droppings on the dynamics of the physical-chemical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil and the yield of grain crops. In the sod-podzolic light loamy soil of the Yaroslavl region in the layer of 0-0.20 m in May, fresh chicken droppings were embedded at the dose of 120 t/ha. By autumn, in the 0-0.40 m layer of pHKc1 increased from 4.53-4.99 to 5.38-7.09, the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium increased by 2.0-2.4 times, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen - 3-5 times. The content of nitrates in the soil has exceeded the Maximum Allowable Concentration level. The grain yield of the spring wheat studied varieties, triticale and barley varied from 6.7 to 9.5 t/ha, chaffy oats - from 5.7 to 5.9, hulless oats - from 4.4 to 4.6 t/ha. At the beginning of the growing season of crops in the 0-0.40 m layer, the stocks of nitrate nitrogen were close to the stocks of the autumn observation period of 2019, and ammonium nitrogen decreased by 285 kg/ha.

scholarly journals FACTOR OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY PROPERTIES OF SOIL AT GROWING OF ENERGY CULTURES

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Grigory Goncharuk ◽  
Lina Bronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Ground Part

The article highlights the results of evaluation of the formation of biosecurity quality indicators of bioenergetic crops (Miskanthus, Swiggrass, Energy Willow) by indicators that determine the productivity of raw materials and their suitability for use on biofuel purposes. The modern literature devoted to issues of peculiarities of phytobioenergetics in Ukraine and features of mineral nutrition of crop data is worked out. The hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation period of energy crops during the years of research have been analyzed and a detailed description of the agrochemical properties of the soil in the arable layer for the cultivation of bioenergetic plants and the conditions and methods of conducting the research are given. It has been established that the variation of the studied agrochemical indicators of soils by years is generally insignificant and makes up for the content of humus - 17%, for the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - 32.5%, for the content of mobile phosphorus -12%, for the content of exchangeable potassium - 22 %, and the coefficient of variation of the pH of the soil solution does not exceed 4%, which indicates the relative homogeneity of the soil cover within the studied area. Conclusions are made regarding the accumulation of a number of chemical substances from the soil in the plant mass of the above cultures and, accordingly, the general conclusion about the demand for energy crops for agrochemical elemental soil provision. The aspects of the influence of agrochemical properties of the soil on the value of bio-raw materials of these cultures in terms of their bioenergetic application, taking into account the life of the plantation, are analyzed. A chemical analysis of the above-ground part of bioenergetic plants was conducted, and it was established that the maximum nitrogen content of 1.0% was obtained in the stems of the switchgear and energy willow in 2017, phosphorus - 0.85% also in the stems, but the plants of the miscanthus and potassium - 3.48 % in the leaves of plants of miskanthus and energy willow in 2017. In general, based on the evaluation of the chemical composition of high-energy crops, the prospects for using their biomass as a source of bioenergy production. Annotated directions of improvement of the composition of energy biosources at the expense of optimization of agrochemical soil regimes.

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