A Socio-Medical Investigation of Deaf People in Norway A Preliminary Report on Deaf Adults and Pupils at the Vocational School for the Deaf in Bergen

1976 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gundersen ◽  
E. Natrud
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
School For The Deaf

scholarly journals Cortical Activity Linked to Clocking in Deaf Adults: fNIRS Insights with Static and Animated Stimuli Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sébastien Laurent ◽  
Laurence Paire-Ficout ◽  
Jean-Michel Boucheix ◽  
Stéphane Argon ◽  
Antonio Hidalgo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deaf Adults

The question of the possible impact of deafness on temporal processing remains unanswered. Different findings, based on behavioral measures, show contradictory results. The goal of the present study is to analyze the brain activity underlying time estimation by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques, which allow examination of the frontal, central and occipital cortical areas. A total of 37 participants (19 deaf) were recruited. The experimental task involved processing a road scene to determine whether the driver had time to safely execute a driving task, such as overtaking. The road scenes were presented in animated format, or in sequences of 3 static images showing the beginning, mid-point, and end of a situation. The latter presentation required a clocking mechanism to estimate the time between the samples to evaluate vehicle speed. The results show greater frontal region activity in deaf people, which suggests that more cognitive effort is needed to process these scenes. The central region, which is involved in clocking according to several studies, is particularly activated by the static presentation in deaf people during the estimation of time lapses. Exploration of the occipital region yielded no conclusive results. Our results on the frontal and central regions encourage further study of the neural basis of time processing and its links with auditory capacity.

Deafening silence: the Educational Experiences of Gifted Deaf People

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Wilma Vialle ◽  
John Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Linguistic Minority ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
Education Service ◽  
Deaf Adults

Educational intervention for deaf people has a long history but it is a history that is dominated by the notion of deficit. The growing trend in the literature on deaf people is to recognise that they are not deficient but form a cultural and linguistic minority group that deserves appropriate educational programs. Deaf people report great frustration with their experiences of schooling as they have invariably been treated as intellectually inferior. Yet, a significant number of deaf people are gifted and have had the double hurdle of overcoming their deafness in a hearing world and an education service that does not meet their needs. This paper explores the educational experiences of gifted deaf people in a preliminary attempt to develop appropriate identification measures and educational provisions for such individuals. The conclusions presented are based on extensive interviews with a number of gifted deaf adults. Deaf interviewers were utilised to collect the required data in a more culturally sensitive and relevant manner.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on deaf adults, children and their families in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 141-165
Author(s):  
Ruth Swanwick ◽  
Alexander M. Oppong ◽  
Yaw N. Offei ◽  
Daniel Fobi ◽  
Obed Appau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on deaf adults, children, and their families in Ghana, focusing on issues of inclusion. We ask what it takes to �make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable� (United Nations Strategic Development Goal 11) for deaf people in the context of the global pandemic in a low-resource context. The exceptional challenge to inclusion posed by COVID-19 is examined in terms of issues for deaf children and their families, and from the point of view of deaf adults in advocacy and support organisations. The pivotal language and communication issues are shown through a bioecological analysis that illuminates the interdependent dynamics of development and context, and their influence on access to, and understanding of, crucial information. It is argued that the global crisis of COVID-19 exposes and deepens issues of societal exclusion for deaf adults, children, and their families, and provokes wider questions about what inclusion means and how it can be realised, in different cultural contexts.

scholarly journals Communication barrier in family linked to increased risks for food insecurity among deaf people who use American Sign Language

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 912-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poorna Kushalnagar ◽  
Christopher J Moreland ◽  
Abbi Simons ◽  
Tara Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Communication Barriers ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
Deaf Adults

AbstractObjectiveFood security is defined as being able to access enough food that will help maintain an active, healthy lifestyle for those living in a household. While there are no studies on food security issues among deaf people, research shows that communication barriers early in life are linked to poor physical and mental health outcomes. Childhood communication barriers may also risk later food insecurity.Design/Setting/SubjectsA single food security screener question found to have 82 % sensitivity in classifying families who are at risk for food insecurity was taken from the six-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. Questions related to food insecurity screener, depression diagnosis and retrospective communication experience were translated to American Sign Language and then included in an online survey. Over 600 deaf adult signers (18–95 years old) were recruited across the USA.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, deaf adults who reported being able to understand little to none of what their caregiver said during their formative years were about five times more likely to often experience difficulty with making food last or finding money to buy more food, and were about three times more likely to sometimes experience this difficulty, compared with deaf adults who reported to being able to understand some to all of what their caregiver said.ConclusionsOur results have highlighted a marked risk for food insecurity and related outcomes among deaf people. This should raise serious concern among individuals who have the potential to effect change in deaf children’s access to communication.

“Opportunity Blocked”: Deaf People, Employment and the Sociology of Audism

2021 ◽  
pp. 016059762199550
Author(s):  
Noel O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Unequal Treatment ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Impact

Although many studies have examined deaf people’s lived experiences of audism in various contexts, relatively little research has examined such experiences in the area of employment, particularly in Ireland. There is, therefore, a dearth of research focusing on the underlying causes of the employment discrimination which deaf people continue to experience. The term “audism” has been widely used in deaf studies literature to describe a set of assumptions that promote the unequal treatment of individuals on the basis of hearing (dis)ability. In this study, I use qualitative analysis of interviews with eight deaf adults to examine the impact of audism on the lived experience of employment discrimination. My main objective was to examine the effects and causes of discrimination which prevent access to employment opportunities. The findings indicate that the three levels of audism—individual, institutional and internalized—had the effect of creating blocks and barriers to employment opportunities for deaf people. The results also point to stigma, stereotyping and prejudice as underlying causes of discrimination. The study concludes by discussing the implications of the results for conceptualizations of discriminatory behaviors on the part of employers.

scholarly journals Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods amongst deaf people in Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom K. Mprah
Keyword(s):  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Persons with disabilities in general face serious barriers to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and services due to institutional and attitudinal barriers. However, because deaf people have unique communication and linguistic needs, which are often misunderstood or ignored, they face greater barriers than other persons with disabilities. Whilst available data indicated that there is a wide gap between knowledge and usage of contraceptive amongst Ghanaians, little is known about the level of contraceptive knowledge and usage amongst deaf people.Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the level of knowledge and use of contraceptive methods amongst deaf people in Ghana with the aim of understanding their contraceptive behaviour and to improve access.Method: The study was a participatory SRH needs assessment utilising a two-phase, sequential, mixed methods design. The study included 179 participants, consisting of focus groups with seven executives of Ghana National Association of the Deaf (GNAD), 10 male deaf adults, and 9 deaf female adults. A total of 152 deaf people, made up of students, women, and men participated in a survey, whilst one hearing person served as a key informant.Results: The findings of the study indicated that of the 13 methods shown in the survey, only three were known to about 70% of the adults and 60% of the students. Level of knowledge of the remaining nine methods was low.Conclusion: Clear and effective policies are needed to guide the provision of SRH information and services for deaf people in Ghana.

A Facebook Page Created Soon After the Amatrice Earthquake for Deaf Adults and Children, Families, and Caregivers Provides an Easy Communication Tool and Social Satisfaction in Maxi-Emergencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Rotondi ◽  
Marta Zuddas ◽  
Pasquale Marsella ◽  
Paola Rosati
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Social Satisfaction ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Deaf Persons

Although international and Italian conventions have issued numerous communication protocols to assist people with disabilities during earthquakes or other maxi-emergencies, no tailored strategies exist to create and disseminate information online to deaf people. On August 24, 2016, a devastating earthquake destroyed Amatrice in Central Italy. This natural disaster underlined the lack of information on disabled people possibly involved and the lack of tailored, online communication tools. Having various registries listing disabled residents in the earthquake area might have benefitted emergency procedures. To access information easily and expedite risk management, the authors developed an online information tool for deaf persons, their families, and caregivers. Within hours after the earthquake, they published a Facebook page (Facebook, Inc.; Menlo Park, California USA) including a video provided with subtitles, Italian sign language, and service numbers. Those who accessed the Facebook page spread the information to other social media. Although no registry yet specifies figures, the annual incidence of approximately three to five/1,000 new deaf persons diagnosed in Italy implies that around 5.4% of the total 43,507 Italian deaf people live in the earthquake territory, and presumably 1.3% are younger than 18 years of age. The Facebook page obtained unexpectedly numerous accesses and satisfaction from deaf adults and families with deaf children, as well as hearing family relatives and caregivers. A total of 60% deaf and 10% hearing people asked for more information. Despite limitations, the effort to develop a page for deaf people and their families, via a world-wide social media, permits fast access, outlines safety precautions during maxi-emergencies, and disseminates essential information designed for deaf people on civil protection services. The Facebook page provides a replicable example for developing similar, user-friendly, online tools for disabled groups to disseminate important safety information after earthquakes or other maxi-emergencies.Rotondi L, Zuddas M, Marsella P, Rosati P. A Facebook page created soon after the Amatrice Earthquake for deaf adults and children, families, and caregivers provides an easy communication tool and social satisfaction in maxi-emergencies. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):137–141

Création du logiciel d’alphabétisation bilingue pour les Sourds “Le français sur le bout des doigts”: évaluation de l’outil et de la démarche de développement

ReCALL ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLETTE DUBUISSON ◽  
MICHEL BASTIEN ◽  
RACHEL BERTHIAUME ◽  
ANNE-MARIE PARISOT ◽  
SUZANNE VILLENEUVE
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Course Material

Designed for a literate, hearing clientele, traditional CALL tools do not necessarily meet the needs of deaf people, and are not adapted to their learning styles, especially in the area of literacy. Current developments lead us to believe that, in order for deaf people to subscribe to literacy campaigns and to ensure that such measures are efficient, two conditions must be met: Quebec Sign Language must be the language of instruction (Dubuisson et al., 1997) and the participation of deaf people must be felt at every stage of the development of course material. Research has shown that in architecture, for example, the participation of the target clientele in the design process of the product can lead to the emergence of significant solutions (Vezeau et al., 1999). In light of the quantity of Web systems and products that are hardly used or difficult to use, Rubin (1994) reminds us of the need to consider the user, and not only the machine or the system, in the development process. The main goal of our research is to establish design parameters (developmental process, type of software, and content) for CALL software aimed at deaf adults. Only the data relating to the developmental process will be presented here. We will analyze and discuss the responses obtained through interviews with deaf members of the development team, audiotapes (on which an interpreter recorded the words of the team members), and videotapes of meetings. The interpretation of this data will give way to a qualitative assessment of the efficiency of the approach in the development of material adapted to the needs of the target population.

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