scholarly journals Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods amongst deaf people in Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom K. Mprah
Keyword(s):  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Persons with disabilities in general face serious barriers to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and services due to institutional and attitudinal barriers. However, because deaf people have unique communication and linguistic needs, which are often misunderstood or ignored, they face greater barriers than other persons with disabilities. Whilst available data indicated that there is a wide gap between knowledge and usage of contraceptive amongst Ghanaians, little is known about the level of contraceptive knowledge and usage amongst deaf people.Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the level of knowledge and use of contraceptive methods amongst deaf people in Ghana with the aim of understanding their contraceptive behaviour and to improve access.Method: The study was a participatory SRH needs assessment utilising a two-phase, sequential, mixed methods design. The study included 179 participants, consisting of focus groups with seven executives of Ghana National Association of the Deaf (GNAD), 10 male deaf adults, and 9 deaf female adults. A total of 152 deaf people, made up of students, women, and men participated in a survey, whilst one hearing person served as a key informant.Results: The findings of the study indicated that of the 13 methods shown in the survey, only three were known to about 70% of the adults and 60% of the students. Level of knowledge of the remaining nine methods was low.Conclusion: Clear and effective policies are needed to guide the provision of SRH information and services for deaf people in Ghana.

scholarly journals Influence of Education on Sexual and Reproductive Health Service Utilization for Persons with Disabilities in Nationwide Bangladesh: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed-Methods Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Coral Du ◽  
Arifa Bente Mohosin ◽  
Amina Amin ◽  
Md Tanvir Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Service Utilization ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Delivery Care ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Education Levels

Abstract Background: Persons with disabilities comprise more than one billion people in the world, yet they are one of the most discriminated groups and face significant health disparities. Particularly in developing countries, which contain 80% of the entire population with disabilities, these individuals experience major barriers in accessing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services.Education is an important factor that greatly affects individuals’ SRH service utilization. Hence, we sought to investigate the relationship between education and SRH service utilization for persons with disabilities in Bangladesh.Methods: Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, a total of 5,000 persons with disabilities were surveyed for the quantitative component and 15 mini-ethnographic case studies were conducted with persons with disabilities for the qualitative component. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses were performed on the survey data, while the qualitative interviews were coded and their SRH themes synthesized accordingly.Results: Our quantitative findings show that education statistically significantly increases persons with disabilities’ SRH service utilization of antenatal care, delivery care, postnatal care, and family planning (P < 0.05). Interestingly, for persons with disabilities, primary education shows increased adjusted odds of family planning use but is likely not enough to increase antenatal care, delivery care, or postnatal care use; secondary or post-secondary education may be required to improve utilization of these latter services.Qualitative findings support the association between higher education levels and greater SRH service use. Persons with disabilities of lower educational attainment held misinformation and distrust in SRH services and experienced mistreatment by SRH healthcare providers, discouraging them from seeking future SRH services. Conclusions:We report that higher formal education level is associated with greater SRH service use for persons with disabilities in Bangladesh. Formally educating persons with disabilities expands their SRH knowledge and familiarity with SRH services, as well as leads to more economic opportunities so they can afford SRH services. Increasing formal education levels for persons with disabilities, paired with integrating comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in their schools, will likely help close the gap in SRH health disparities for this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Beatriz Duarte-Gómez ◽  
Silvia Magali Cuadra-Hernández ◽  
Myriam Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Armando Arredondo ◽  
Jesús David Cortés-GilI
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Subject

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails. METHODS: This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication ( from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English). We found 292 documents, of which 91 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The main challenges are the intersectoral, participatory, and integral approach (with emphasis on mental health and sexual and reproductive health), ensured accessibility to health services, the need for a reliable registration and information system of the population displaced by violence and its characteristics, and the addressing of the biopsychosocial problems of the different groups, especially women, persons with disabilities or infectious diseases, adolescents, children, ethnic minorities, older adults and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersexual population. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of political will to accept and see the internal displacement by violence and its importance as a humanitarian and public health problem is an obstacle to the adequate and timely care of the population displaced by violence in Mexico.

scholarly journals Cortical Activity Linked to Clocking in Deaf Adults: fNIRS Insights with Static and Animated Stimuli Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sébastien Laurent ◽  
Laurence Paire-Ficout ◽  
Jean-Michel Boucheix ◽  
Stéphane Argon ◽  
Antonio Hidalgo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deaf Adults

The question of the possible impact of deafness on temporal processing remains unanswered. Different findings, based on behavioral measures, show contradictory results. The goal of the present study is to analyze the brain activity underlying time estimation by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques, which allow examination of the frontal, central and occipital cortical areas. A total of 37 participants (19 deaf) were recruited. The experimental task involved processing a road scene to determine whether the driver had time to safely execute a driving task, such as overtaking. The road scenes were presented in animated format, or in sequences of 3 static images showing the beginning, mid-point, and end of a situation. The latter presentation required a clocking mechanism to estimate the time between the samples to evaluate vehicle speed. The results show greater frontal region activity in deaf people, which suggests that more cognitive effort is needed to process these scenes. The central region, which is involved in clocking according to several studies, is particularly activated by the static presentation in deaf people during the estimation of time lapses. Exploration of the occipital region yielded no conclusive results. Our results on the frontal and central regions encourage further study of the neural basis of time processing and its links with auditory capacity.

scholarly journals Nurses’ educational needs when dealing with aggression from patients and their families: a mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e041711
Author(s):  
Kana Sato ◽  
Yoshimi Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Educational Contents

ObjectivesTo explore the type of education needed for nurses when dealing with aggression from patients and their families.DesignA two-phase sequential mixed-methods study.SettingThis study was conducted in Japan, with phase I from March to November 2016 and phase II in November 2018.Main outcome measuresThe challenges faced by nurses when dealing with incidents of aggression from the neutral perspective of neither nurse nor patient/family and perceptions of the educational contents developed in this study. Descriptive analyses were used to examine the data retrieved from both phases.ParticipantsPhase I entailed semistructured interviews among 11 neutral-party participants who observed aggressive incidents between nurses and patients/families. Phase II consisted of a web survey conducted among 102 nursing students and 308 nursing professionals.ResultsPhase I resulted in the identification of the following five main educational components: understanding the mechanisms of anger and aggression, maintaining self-awareness, observant listening, managing the self-impression, and communicating based on specific disease characteristics. Each component was related to improved communication through self-awareness. The results of phase II indicated that participants positively perceived these educational contents as likely to be effective for dealing with aggression from patients/families.ConclusionsThis study clarified the type of education needed for nurses when dealing with aggression based on multiple viewpoints. Specifically, neutral-party interviews revealed that communication should be improved through self-awareness. A subsequent survey among nurses and nursing students showed that the identified educational contents were positively received.

scholarly journals Using the Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design to Investigate Dental Patients’ Perceptions and Needs Concerning Oral Cancer Information, Examination, Prevention and Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7562
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jafer ◽  
Rik Crutzen ◽  
Abdalla Ibrahim ◽  
Ibtisam Moafa ◽  
Haitham Zaylaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Oral Cancer Examinations

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate dental patients’ behavior, thoughts, opinions and needs for oral cancer information, and dentists’ behavior regarding prevention and examination of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: This study utilized an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted for forty dental patients of both sexes. Based on the qualitative analysis, a structured questionnaire was developed and distributed among the participants. Data were analyzed for 315 participants to quantify their thoughts, needs, behavior and behavior expected from dentists regarding oral cancer. Frequency, percentages and cumulative percentages were calculated. Results: This study reveals that patients’ oral cancer knowledge levels were adequate, but most reported that their dentist had never examined them for oral cancer. Additionally, the participants had never performed self-examinations for oral cancer, nor were they aware of the possibility of doing so. Participants showed a preference for being examined and educated by their dentist about oral cancer and believed it would help early detection. Conclusions: The study participants are aware of oral cancer and its risk factors. The practice of oral cancer examinations and patient education of its risk factors by dental practitioners is limited. Patients feel a need for more attention to be paid to oral cancer examinations, preventive measures and targeted information on oral cancer risk factors.

scholarly journals The Level of Knowledge and Awareness About Sex and Reproductive Health Among Adolescents in Kashmir

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182198992
Author(s):  
Mohmad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Time Awareness

Background: A human body keeps changing physiologically, biologically, and psychologically from birth to death. There is always a change in all human faculties. But adolescence is a phase earmarked where a human body experiences drastic changes among all these faculties. And any such bodily change carrying baggage of shame, insecurity, stigma, and concealment demands on-time awareness and intervention. Aim: The aim of the study is to understand the knowledge and level of awareness regarding sexual and reproductive health among the school-going adolescents of Kashmir Valley where majority of the population belongs to Muslim conservative culture. Methodology: Due to COVID-19 lockdown, the inability of access to schools and children gave the researcher the opportunity to utilize the alternate places and a total of 550 students from classes 8, 9, and 10 were selected for the purpose. The permission was sought from the respective teachers and then the parents. The sample was a combination of boys and girls, students from both private and government-run schools. The researcher collected the data and it was tabulated systematically and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. P value was evaluated by using an application “P Value: A Statistical Tool” from Play Store. Results and Conclusion: The results depicted that higher the level of class, more the knowledge they had about the matter. Girls had a little knowledge about sexual and reproductive health than boys. This study felt a dire need of educating both parents and adolescent boys and girls regarding sexual health. The shame does not lie in educating the children but in the mishaps that may result due to unawareness about the same.

scholarly journals Salud sexual reproductiva en estudiantes universitarios: conocimientos y prácticas

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Ivett Adriana Herrera-Zuleta ◽  
Jonathan Fernando Reyes-Salazar ◽  
Katherine Patricia Rojas-Velasco ◽  
Magda Lizeth Tipán ◽  
Carlos Andrés Torres-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unknown Variance ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Objetivo: Describir el conocimiento y las prácticas relacionadas con la Salud Sexual y Reproductiva en los estudiantes de una Universidad del Suroccidente Colombiano. Materiales y métodos: Investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, prospectiva de corte transversal; se realizó con estudiantes matriculados en I y II semestre en el primer periodo académico 2016; el cálculo de la muestra se obtuvo utilizando la fórmula de varianza desconocida y población total conocida (3.489), obteniendo un tamaño de muestra de 415 estudiantes. Se utilizó un instrumento tipo encuesta estructurada elaborada a partir del formato de consejería del programa de salud sexual y reproductiva universitario.  Los datos se procesaron a través de Excel y el   paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22, para determinar la significación de la asociación se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado con una confiabilidad de 95%. Resultados: En la población estudiada se encontró un predominio masculino del 50,7%, la edad promedio fue de 19 años, encontrando que el 81% están en una etapa de adolescencia tardía, el 62% tiene un nivel de conocimientos deficientes sobre salud sexual y reproductiva, el 78% inicio vida sexual con edad promedio de 16 años, un gran porcentaje de estos estudiantes tienen entre 1 y 3 compañeros(as) sexuales al año. El 70% utilizó condón en su primera relación sexual y el 12,3% de la población utilizó la píldora de emergencia. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento acerca de salud sexual y reproductiva es deficiente. La mayoría de los estudiantes encuestados utilizan al menos un método de planificación familiar en sus relaciones sexuales.Palabras clave: Sexualidad, Salud reproductiva, estudiantes, conocimientos y prácticas en salud.Sexual and reproductive health in university students: beyond knowledge andpractices AbstractObjective: To describe the knowledge and practices related to Sexual and Reproductive Health in the students of a University of the Suroccidente Colombiano. Materials and methods: Quantitative descriptive prospective cross-sectional study; was carried out in students enrolled in I and II semester in the first academic period 2016; the calculation of the sample was obtained using the formula of unknown variance and known total population (3,489), obtaining a sample size of 415 students. A structured survey-type instrument was developed based on the counseling format of the university's sexual and reproductive health program. Data were processed through Excel and the SPSS version 22 statistical package, to determine the significance of the association was used Chi square test with a reliability of 95%. Results: A male prevalence of 50.7% was found in the study population, the mean age was 19 years, and 81% were in the late teens, 62% had a poor level of knowledge about sexual health and reproductive, 78% start sexual life with average age of 16 years, a large percentage of these students have between 1 and 3 sexual partners a year. Seventy percent used a condom at their first sexual intercourse and 12.3% of the population used the emergency pill. Conclusions: The level of knowledge about sexual and reproductive health is deficient. Most students surveyed use at least one method of family planning in their sexual relationships.Saúde sexual reprodutiva em estudantes universitários: conhecimentos e práticasSumario Objetivos: Descrever os conhecimentos e práticas relacionados com a saúde sexual e reprodutiva em estudantes de uma Universidado sudoeste Colombiano. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa quantitativa transversal descritiva prospectiva; foi realizado em estudantes matriculados em I e II, semestre 2016; cálculo da amostra foi obtida utilizando a fórmula de variância desconhecida e a população total conhecido (3489), obtendo-se um tamanho de amostra de 415 estudantes. Foi utilizado um tipo de instrumento de pesquisa estruturada. Os dados foram processados pelo pacote estatístico Excel versão 2010 e SPSS versão 22, para determinar o significado do teste foram utilizados do qui-quadrado de associação com uma confiabilidade de 95%. Resultados: Na população estudada predominância do sexo masculino de 50,7%, a idade média dos alunos era de 19 anos, descobrindo que 81% estão em uma fase de adolescência tardia, 62% têm um nível de conhecimentos regulares saúde sexual e reprodutiva, 78% inicio vida sexual com uma idade média de 16 anos, uma grande porcentagem desses estudantes estão entre 1 e 3 parceiro (s) ano sexual. 70% usam preservativo em sua primeira relação sexual e 12,3% da população usava a pílula de emergência. Conclusões: O nível de conhecimento sobre a saúde sexual e reprodutiva é regular. A maioria dos estudantes pesquisados usar pelo menos um método de planejamento familiar em suas relações sexuais.Palavras-chave: Gestão de terapia de medicação, diagnóstico, enfermeiros, pediatria

scholarly journals Proposed Model to Assist Saudi Postgraduate Students in their English Academic Writing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-542
Author(s):  
Noof Saleh Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
English Academic Writing ◽  
Qualitative Phase

This current research forms part of a broader investigation into the problems Saudi postgraduate students face in English academic writing. The study used the interpretive paradigm to investigate and interpret the perceptions of Saudi postgraduate students and their supervisors in relation to the difficulties they encountered regarding academic writing in English. Therefore, the study adopted a sequential mixed-methods design. The quantitative phase of the research employed a questionnaire whereas the qualitative phase employed semi-structured interviews and document analysis. In total, 275 students completed the prepared questionnaire whilst 15 students, both male and female, and 9 supervisors participated in the semi-structured interviews. The research also used ten samples of written feedback students had received from their supervisors. SPSS descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data quantitatively, and MAXQDA software was used to analyse the data qualitatively. The study identified that Saudi postgraduates encounter a range of difficulties in their academic writing, which were due to several underlying causes. Therefore, to address this issue and to contribute to knowledge in the field, the author of this study devised a theoretical model to assist Saudi postgraduate students overcome their difficulties with English academic writing. The main focus of the current study is to explain this model in detail.

scholarly journals A LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT IN ONLINE LEARNING:CHALLENGES AND EFFECTIVE STRATEGIESFOR ESP CLASSROOMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Fitria Muji Pratawati ◽  
Nur Farah Ukhrowiyah ◽  
Mutiatun Nasihah
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Qualitative Design ◽  
Online Class ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Questions

This study is intended to find out the strategies used to assess the students and some challenges faced by lecturers in ESP classes at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The researchers were interested in finding the types of assessment and how lecturers conduct assessment during pandemic era. An exploratory sequential mixed methods design was used in this study to answer the research questions. Both quantitative and qualitative design were used to deepen the data. The subjects in this research were English lecturers who taught ESP classes in several majors at UIN Maliki Malang. The results from data collection revealed that the assessment which employed by lecturers was fit with the characteristics of students. The differences of assessment were caused by the students’ dissimilar characteristics and their background. Finally, this study addressed suggestions for English lecturers, stakeholder and future researchers regarding the assessment to run in online class. Assessment must be created and developed well for the students before they join the lesson and the lecturer has to use several strategies to handle in case if one of the assessment tools does not work.

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