scholarly journals Perceptions of Inequality and Subjective Well-Being: Connections with Political Orientation and Self-Actualization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Arsenio ◽  
Sweta Venkataramanan ◽  
Jenna Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Perceptions Of Inequality

This study was conducted via the MTurk (online) platform. A total of 301 participants (72.4% between 18 and 40 years old, 151 female) completed self-report composite assessments of subjective well-being (SWB) and perceived inequality, and also measures of self-actualizing tendencies, and political orientation. Overall, participants who perceived higher levels of inequality had lower SWB, lower incomes, and were more politically liberal than their peers. Liberal participants also had lower incomes and lower SWB than their peers. Regression analyses revealed that higher incomes, perceiving lower inequality, and higher self-actualizing tendencies were all unique predictors of SWB, and that neither income nor political orientation moderated these findings. Finally, self-actualizing tendencies, unlike SWB, were not related to either participants’ political orientation or to their perceptions of inequality. Discussion addresses differences in the correlates of SWB and self-actualizing tendencies, and the importance of individuals’ subjective perceptions of inequality.<p></p>

scholarly journals Perceptions of Inequality and Subjective Well-Being: Connections with Political Orientation and Self-Actualization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Arsenio ◽  
Sweta Venkataramanan ◽  
Jenna Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Perceptions Of Inequality

This study was conducted via the MTurk (online) platform. A total of 301 participants (72.4% between 18 and 40 years old, 151 female) completed self-report composite assessments of subjective well-being (SWB) and perceived inequality, and also measures of self-actualizing tendencies, and political orientation. Overall, participants who perceived higher levels of inequality had lower SWB, lower incomes, and were more politically liberal than their peers. Liberal participants also had lower incomes and lower SWB than their peers. Regression analyses revealed that higher incomes, perceiving lower inequality, and higher self-actualizing tendencies were all unique predictors of SWB, and that neither income nor political orientation moderated these findings. Finally, self-actualizing tendencies, unlike SWB, were not related to either participants’ political orientation or to their perceptions of inequality. Discussion addresses differences in the correlates of SWB and self-actualizing tendencies, and the importance of individuals’ subjective perceptions of inequality.<p></p>

scholarly journals Adolescents’ Bipolar Experiences and Suicide Risk: Well-Being and Mental Health Difficulties as Mediators

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3024
Author(s):  
Ascensión Fumero ◽  
Rosario J. Marrero ◽  
Alicia Pérez-Albéniz ◽  
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

Bipolar disorder is usually accompanied by a high suicide risk. The main aim was to identify the risk and protective factors involved in suicide risk in adolescents with bipolar experiences. Of a total of 1506 adolescents, 467 (31%) were included in the group reporting bipolar experiences or symptoms, 214 males (45.8%) and 253 (54.2%) females. The mean age was 16.22 (SD = 1.36), with the age range between 14 and 19. Suicide risk, behavioral and emotional difficulties, prosocial capacities, well-being, and bipolar experiences were assessed through self-report. Mediation analyses, taking gender as a moderator and controlling age as a covariate, were applied to estimate suicide risk. The results indicated that the effect of bipolar experiences on suicide risk is mediated by behavioral and emotional difficulties rather than by prosocial behavior and subjective well-being. Specifically, emotional problems, problems with peers, behavior problems, and difficulties associated with hyperactivity were the most important variables. This relationship was not modulated by gender. However, the indirect effects of some mediators varied according to gender. These results support the development of suicide risk prevention strategies focused on reducing emotional difficulties, behavioral problems, and difficulties in relationships with others.

Quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients in Spain

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-H Chang ◽  
D Cella ◽  
O Fernández ◽  
G Luque ◽  
P de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Objective: The cross-sectional study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis (FAMS) Spanish version and its use in measuring quality of life (QOL) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Spain. Methods: The FAMS is a factorially derived self-report scale designed to assess six primary aspects of QOL of patients with MS: Mobility, Symptoms, Emotional Well-Being, General Contentment, Thinking and Fatigue, and Family/Social Well-Being. Its Spanish translated version was used to assess QOL of 625 MS patients recruited in an outpatient clinic setting from 58 hospitals in Spain. Internal consistency of the Spanish FAMS was evaluated. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors from demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics, and Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores in predicting FAMS scale scores. Results: Most of the patients are females (66%), and 74% were of the relapsing-remitting (RR) clinical subtype. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were high (range=0.78-0.96), indicating subscale homogeneity comparable to that of the original English version. Linear multivariate regression analyses revealed that the EDSS is a dominant variable in predicting all the FAMS subscales, especially mobility (R2=0.51) and the total scores. Conclusions: The Spanish FAMS is a psychometrically valid instrument that allows clinicians and clinical researchers the ability to measure the QOL concerns of MS patients in Spain.

Patterns of Social Relationships and Psychological Well-being among the Elderly

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Takahashi ◽  
Junko Tamura ◽  
Makiko Tokoro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Type Method

On the premise that social relationships among elderly adults differ in terms of the most significant, dominant figure, this study aimed to examine: (1) whether there were qualitative differences in supportive functions between family-dominant and friend-dominant affective relationships, and (2) whether “lone wolves”, who were deficient in human resources, had difficulties in maintaining their well-being. A total of 148 Japanese, over the age of 65, both living in communities and in institutions were individually interviewed about their social relationships using a self-report type method, the Picture Affective Relationships test, and their well-being was assessed using Depression, Self-esteem, Life satisfaction, and Subjective health scales. Results showed that there were no differences in psychological well-being between family-dominant and friend-dominant participants, but those who lacked affective figures had lower scores in subjective well-being than did their family-dominant and friend-dominant counterparts. The generalisation of these findings to other cultures is discussed.

scholarly journals Screening Using the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale: An Analog Test of Three Cutoff Values

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler L Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Analog Test ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

This brief report presents an analog test of the relative classification validity of three cutoff values (CVs; 16, 18, and 20) derived from responses to the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: Total Difficulties Scale. Results from Bayesian t-tests, using several school-specific subjective well-being indicators as dependent variables, yielded evidence suggesting all CV models effectively differentiated between students with lower and higher levels of risk. Evidence also indicated that the lowest CV (16) was more effective than the higher CVs (18, 20) at identifying students with greater levels of risk, and that the higher CVs functioned comparably well. Implications for future research and practice are noted.

scholarly journals Living well by letting go: Reliability and validity of a brief measure of nonattachment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Elphinstone ◽  
Baljinder K. Sahdra ◽  
Joseph Ciarrochi
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Total N ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Autonomous Regulation ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Letting Go

There is a growing literature on nonattachment, defined as a flexible, balanced way of relating to experiences without clinging to or suppressing them. We developed a 7-item Nonattachment Scale (NAS-7) by shortening a previously validated 30-item measure (NAS; Sahdra, Shaver &amp; Brown, 2010). NAS-7 was found to display strong psychometric properties in American and Australian samples (total N = 504), including a unidimensional factor structure and measurement invariance across different samples. The correlations of NAS-7 with other theoretically relevant constructs were virtually identical to the long-form NAS. Across different samples, NAS-7 assessed nonattachment was associated with greater autonomous regulation, self-actualization, psychological and subjective well-being, and reduced materialism and depressive symptoms. NAS-7 is a suitable alternative to the long-form NAS as it takes about half the time to complete than the long form without a substantial loss of information.

The Role of Helplessness in the Appraisal of Illness Uncertainty in Women With Fibromyalgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Melody D. Reibel ◽  
Marianne H. Hutti
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Illness Uncertainty ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by uncertainty in etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. The high level of illness uncertainty that results from fibromyalgia is a risk factor for maladjustment to illness. A cross-sectional survey design was used to examine the relationships among illness uncertainty, helplessness, and subjective well-being in 138 women with fibromyalgia. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine a predictive model for mediation. We found illness uncertainty is negatively associated with subjective well-being and that helplessness strongly influences the impact of illness uncertainty on subjective well-being in women with fibromyalgia.

Predictors of optimism in adolescents: self-esteem, subjective wellbeing

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Ozlem Tagay
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Life Orientation

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the optimism of adolescents according to various variables, sex, self-esteem and subjective well-being. The study was carried out on a total of 305 high-school students, including 182 women and 123 men who attended different high schools in Burdur. In this research, personal information form developed by the researchers, adolescent subjective well-being developed by Eryilmaz and self-esteem scale adapted by culture and culture by Aksoy (1992), Piskin and life orientation inventory adapted by culture and culture (Aydin and Tezer and Karagoz). Pearson moment product correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used in the analysis of the data. SPSS 15 program has been utilised. As a result of the research, it is understood that adolescent optimism is predicted by sex, selfesteem and subjective well-being. The findings of the study are discussed in the literature. Keywords: Adolescents optimism, self-esteem, subjective well-being.

The Association of Different Cyber-Victimization Types With Current Psychological and Health Status in Southern Appalachian Communities

2020 ◽  
pp. VV-D-18-00214
Author(s):  
Sherry Hamby ◽  
Zach Blount ◽  
Elizabeth Taylor ◽  
Kimberly Mitchell ◽  
Lisa Jones
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cyber Victimization ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Current Psychological

Research on cyber-victimization has primarily focused on cyberbullying conducted in urban and suburban (metropolitan) settings. We explore a range of cyber-victimizations, including financially motivated offenses and cyberbullying, and their associations with current psychological and health status in a nonmetropolitan sample from southern Appalachia. The forms of cyber-victimization were drawn from focus groups and interviews, and then self-report data on 14 types of cyber-victimization were collected from 478 individuals (57.1% female; age M = 36.44, SD = 16.61). Approximately 3 out of 4 participants (74.7%) reported experiencing at least one cyber-victimization. Cyber-victimization made many participants feel “very upset” (average 55.7%). Many forms of cyber-victimization were associated with elevated trauma symptoms, and lower subjective well-being and health-related quality of life. Cyber-victimization is common in this southern Appalachian community, with financially motivated incidents leading to higher prevalence rates than found in many other studies. In these data, numerous specific types of victimization, including cyber-theft, fraud, and legal-but-intrusive privacy invasions, were associated with worse psychological and physical health. More research is needed on technology-mediated victimization and these types of victimization should be more routinely included in violence assessments.

scholarly journals Subjective well-being Under Neuroleptic Treatment. Relevance for Compliance and Remission

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
D. Naber
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
List Type ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Subjective Improvement ◽  
Early Improvement

Within the last decade, success criteria of antipsychotic treatment became more ambitious. The most important change is the long overdue consideration of the patient"s perspective. Among other scales, a self-report instrument has been constructed to evaluate “subjective well-being under neuroleptics” (SWN). Studies indicate:a.schizophrenic patients, if no longer acutely psychotic or suffering from severe cognitive deficits, are able to reliably assess their SWN,b.high SWN is correlated with high compliance,c.atypical antipsychotics increase SWN,d.individual improvements of SWN and of PANSS are not strongly related (r=-.30 - -.40), and e) dopamine D2 receptor blockade is highly correlated to reduced SWN (r = .66 - .76).Several open trials reveal the relevance of early improvement of subjective well-being: In a 12-week trial with 727 patients, 95% of those with early subjective response (within 4 weeks) showed later subjective and/or psychopathological improvement, but only 9% without early subjective response showed later improvement. In another 3-year trial of 2690 patients, again psychopathological response as well as symptomatic and functional remission were mostly related to early (within first 3 months) subjective improvement. Finally, in a first-episode study of 110 patients with a follow-up of 5 years, within the first 6 weeks of antipsychotic treatment only improvement of SWN was related to enduring symptomatic remission (p=.004) while early reduction of PANSS did not predict long-term course. These data indicate the usefulness of self-rating in schizophrenia, insufficient subjective improvement needs to be identified early.

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