scholarly journals PANCASILA DEMOCRACY VERSUS DIRECT DEMOCRACY : A REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF CIVIL SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yakop noho
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
Democratic System

<br><div><pre>The emergence of the phenomenon of identity politics, money politics, primordialism and political pragmatism that emerged as a consequence of the direct democratic system turned out to be different from the basic goal of implementing Pancasila democracy. This is what prompted the preparation of this manuscript</pre></div><div><pre><br><br></pre></div>

scholarly journals PANCASILA DEMOCRACY VERSUS DIRECT DEMOCRACY : A REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF CIVIL SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yakop noho
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
Democratic System

<br><div><pre>The emergence of the phenomenon of identity politics, money politics, primordialism and political pragmatism that emerged as a consequence of the direct democratic system turned out to be different from the basic goal of implementing Pancasila democracy. This is what prompted the preparation of this manuscript</pre></div><div><pre><br><br></pre></div>

scholarly journals When Strangers Become Family: The Role of Civil Society Organizations in the Care of Older People

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 478-478
Author(s):  
Veronica Montes de Oca ◽  
Ronald Angel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Older People ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As in other nations, the aging of the population of Mexico presents many challenges specially in dependence. These social and political changes occur in the context of a series of interacting political, social and demographic transformations. At the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st Centuries civil society organizations have begun to define a third sector. A growing desire of individuals to exercise more direct democracy, has accompanied the growth of identity politics and the rise of groups representing women, indigenous populations, racial and religious minorities, environmental interests, older persons, and others. These groups have changed public discourse and today give individuals greater capacity to demand their basic human and social rights. This paper reviews the impact of these changes on older people and multidimensional care.

scholarly journals Attrition as a bottom-up pathway to subnational democratization

2021 ◽  
pp. 019251212110192
Author(s):  
Trix van Mierlo
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
System A ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Democratic System

Oftentimes, democracy is not spread out evenly over the territory of a country. Instead, pockets of authoritarianism can persist within a democratic system. A growing body of literature questions how such subnational authoritarian enclaves can be democratized. Despite fascinating insights, all existing pathways rely on the actions of elites and are therefore top-down. This article seeks to kick-start the discussion on a bottom-up pathway to subnational democratization, by proposing the attrition mechanism. This mechanism consists of four parts and is the product of abductive inference through theory-building causal process tracing. The building blocks consist of subnational democratization literature, social movement theory, and original empirical data gathered during extensive field research. This case study focuses on the ‘Dynasty Slayer’ in the province of Isabela, the Philippines, where civil society actors used the attrition mechanism to facilitate subnational democratization. This study implies that civil society actors in subnational authoritarian enclaves have agency.

Koncepcja „demokracji zakorzenionej” Wolfganga Merkela w kontekście współczesnego populizmu i kryzysu demokracji

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Guczalska
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Proper Functioning ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Impact

Wolfgang Merkel’s concept of rooted democracy in the context of contemporary populism and the crisis of democracy: The article presents the concept of “rooted democracy” by Wolf‐ gang Merkel, which was presented in the context of the democratic crisis. The German poli‐ tical scientist indicates what democracy is — specifying the proper functioning of the regula‐ tions of the democratic system (regimes). Speaking of the weakness or strength of democracy, we must have a well‐described set of system principles that determine the degree of strength of democracy or its erosion. The above set of principles of the democratic system is thoroughly discussed in the article. In particular, the functional model of civil society is analysed. The text also explores how the crisis of democracy is understood and Merkel’s view of the impact of global capitalism on democratic institutions, which contributes to the transformation of democracy into an oligarchy. The topics discussed in the article also concern alternative, non‐ ‐liberal forms of democracy and populism. The question is whether Merkel’s concept is useful in explaining populism and its political consequences.

scholarly journals Politik Islam di Indonesia: Ideologi, Transformasi dan Prospek dalam Proses Politik Terkini

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-195
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulifan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This study examines the correlation between Islamic doctrine of the concept of state and government system with the ambition of some Muslims to revive sharia values in a country. Literature research methodology is employed to explore ideas of Islamic political thinkers, ranging from classical and medieval, era such as al-Farabi, al-Mawardi, Ibn Taymiyyah, to the modern era and contemporary scholars, such as al-Attas, Fazlur Rahman, and Arkoun. The validity of the democratic system and the form of an ideal state for Muslims are debatable among Muslim scholars. The concept of civil society that becomes a manifestation of civil society is believed to have been practiced in the historical period of Islamic government.

Institute of public associations in the system of human rights enforcement in Ukraine: constitutional and legal aspect

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
I. Mahnovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Public Nature ◽  
Political Decision Making

Purpose. The aim of the work is to analyze in the constitutional and legal aspects public associations as a constitutional institution of public nature, to determine its role and importance in the system of human rights enforcement in Ukraine, to clarify the peculiarities of formation and effective activities of this institution. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific reseach have been implemented: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, system-structural, logical-normative. Results. The study states that the driving force of a democratic, legal process is the growth of an active civil position, which is the basis for the formation of public associations, which are a basic component of civil society. The institute of public associations is an important component of the system of constitutional law of Ukraine. Involving citizens in political decision-making is one of the main principles of direct democracy. The focus is on improving the legal framework of the institute of public associations. Scientific novelty. The study has revealed that public associations, as institutions, should be an integral part of civil society in the formation of democracy; to introduce constitutional and legal mechanisms of interaction with the institution of public associations and to identify their real practical effectiveness for ensuring human rights and needs in society. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making and law enforcement activities during the functioning of the institution of public associations in the system of human rights.

scholarly journals Direct democracy and the rise of political entrepreneurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Dario Čepo ◽  
Dario Nikić Čakar
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Political Entrepreneurs ◽  
Post Hoc

The last decade saw a rise in the use of direct democracy in Croatia. The proliferation of citizens' initiatives and referendums was meant to activate politically passive citizens and to strengthen their role as controllers of the executive. Our research, based on the qualitative analysis of the legal framework on citizens' initiatives and referendums in Croatia, as well as post-2010 initiatives, showed that this was not the case. Instead, political and social entrepreneurs, both long established, like trade unions, and newly formed, like conservative civil society organizations, used the tools of direct democracy to promote their particular anti-minority, anti-government or anti-establishment agendas. They succeeded in both constraining the power of the elite through the process of getting to the referendum and wresting control over the agenda-setting process post hoc. The added value of this paper lies in showing that citizens' initiatives can succeed in getting their demands met even when they are not successful in organizing referendums, which is due to weaknesses in the legal framework surrounding referendums and initiatives.

scholarly journals Decentralization in self-government bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Kateryna Malyuk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Country Formation ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of decentralization as a foundation for the formation of local governments in Ukraine. The importance of introducing the reform of decentralization of power on the path of development of Ukraine as a democratic, social, legal state is proved. The activity of local self-government in the conditions of decentralization is currently a priority among the reforms in Ukraine, as new trends in state building of our country, formation of civil society institutions, optimization of the system of local self-government determine new conditions for decentralization. Traditionally, a constant view of decentralization as a process in which independent units that form the bearers of local self-government are formed in a centralized state requires the development of new approaches to the analysis of its content and, accordingly, the search for new opportunities to achieve the goal. The role of decentralization in the formation of the institution of local self-government is crucial. After all, decentralization is a kind of management system, in which part of the functions of central government is transferred to local governments. Decentralization is one of the forms of democracy development, which at the same time preserves the unity of the state and its institutions while expanding the possibilities of local self-government. It aims to activate the population to meet their own needs, to narrow the sphere of state influence on society, to reduce expenditures on the maintenance of the state apparatus. This process promotes direct democracy, as it involves the transfer of control of a number of local affairs directly into the hands of stakeholders. Thus, we can say that decentralization helps to build the civil society we so strive for. As a result of local government reform and decentralization of power, the basis of the new system of local self-government should be united territorial communities, which are formed on a voluntary basis in accordance with the statutory procedure with their own self-government bodies, including executive bodies. The reform should help improve the lives of Ukrainian citizens, as well as build a legal, modern, efficient and, most importantly, competitive European state.

From Representative to Anti-Civic Populist Democracy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-232
Author(s):  
Petya Kabakchieva
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Nationalist Movements ◽  
The People ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Recent Developments

This article analyses the emergence and development of different forms of civil society in Bulgaria from the late 1980s to the present day, focusing on ngos and the large anti-government protests in 1989–1991, 1997, and 2013–2014. It shows that civil society has been developing in ebbs and flows, its main actors having alt-civic and fake doubles: nationalist movements and fake counter-protests. Recent developments indicate a clear trend of transition from representative to direct democracy, which coincides with the populist orientation of most parties. This coincidence is dangerous because populist parties, following the romantic tradition, reinvented the figure of “the people” as traditionalistic, nationalistic, and conservative. “Civil society,” seen as “alien,” was constructed as an enemy of “the people.” The author argues that defending the pluralistic values of civil society against the thus-invented “people,” is the main challenge to democracy in Bulgaria today.

Turning the tide: a role for social movements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn Jones ◽  
Mike O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Democratic Tradition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter continues the book’s focus on social justice and change agents by identifying these concerns in the evolution of social movements. The authors argue that, in addition to making explicit criticisms of neoliberalism, social movement campaigners and their networks could also play similar roles to those previously taken by labour movement organisations as advocates and facilitators of classical social democracy. Their emphasis on more direct democracy in socio-economic governance might stimulate a revival of this recently neglected element in the social democratic tradition. In this respect the relationship between prominent social movement activists and progressive parties is likely to be crucial in future years. In particular movement activists may need to determine whether they can achieve a strong relationship between the progressive forces of civil society and a Labour Party potentially revitalized in its egalitarian and democratic vision. The key challenge is to channel the energy and idealism of civil society groups into more far-reaching political and social transformation.

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