scholarly journals Plasma donors in the social and information field in a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol IX(258) (47) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A. Litovchenko ◽  
D. Boiko ◽  
O. Nekhaienko ◽  
O. Muradyan ◽  
D. Yashkina
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Fixed Position ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Effective Inclusion ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of a study of plasma donors as an agent of information impact in a pandemic situation. The key problem is the need to socially advance anti-pandemic measures in the face of poorly managed social responses to the fight against a pandemic. The analysis of the research results demonstrates a sufficiently high level of rational critical thinking of plasma donors in relation to being informed about the pandemic and combating it. It is concluded that the fixed position of plasma donors in the information space creates a stable foundation for the effective inclusion of this group in the processes of information support of anti-pandemic measures.

scholarly journals Dogs recognize dog and human emotions

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20150883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Albuquerque ◽  
Kun Guo ◽  
Anna Wilkinson ◽  
Carine Savalli ◽  
Emma Otta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level

The perception of emotional expressions allows animals to evaluate the social intentions and motivations of each other. This usually takes place within species; however, in the case of domestic dogs, it might be advantageous to recognize the emotions of humans as well as other dogs. In this sense, the combination of visual and auditory cues to categorize others' emotions facilitates the information processing and indicates high-level cognitive representations. Using a cross-modal preferential looking paradigm, we presented dogs with either human or dog faces with different emotional valences (happy/playful versus angry/aggressive) paired with a single vocalization from the same individual with either a positive or negative valence or Brownian noise. Dogs looked significantly longer at the face whose expression was congruent to the valence of vocalization, for both conspecifics and heterospecifics, an ability previously known only in humans. These results demonstrate that dogs can extract and integrate bimodal sensory emotional information, and discriminate between positive and negative emotions from both humans and dogs.

scholarly journals Increased vulnerability to wildfires and post fire hydro-geomorphic processes in Portuguese mountain regions: what has changed?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Nunes ◽  
L. Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
Common Lands ◽  
Sedimentation Processes

AbstractThe main objectives of this study were to understand the frequency of forest fires, post-fire off-site hydrological response and erosional processes from a social and ecological perspective in two basins located in the central cordillera, Portugal. It also discusses the driving forces that contribute towards increasing the social-ecological vulnerability of systems in the face of hazards and emphasizes the importance of learning from disasters. Based on the historical incidence of wildfires, it is possible to identify several areas affected by two, three or four fires, since 1975. Following the two major fires, in 1987 and 2005, flash floods, intense soil erosion and sedimentation processes were generated, causing severe damage. Significant socioeconomic, political and ecological changes have been affecting mountain regions in the last decades. Approximately 80% of the population and more than 90% of the livestock have disappeared, common lands have been afforested with Pinus pinaster, and several agricultural plots have been abandoned. These factors have all contributed towards creating non- or submanaged landscapes that have led to a dramatic increase in the magnitude and frequency of wildfires and to post-fire hydrological and erosional processes when heavy rainfall occurs. Moreover, the low population density, high level of population ageing and very fire-prone vegetation that now covers large areas of both basins, contribute to a situation of extreme socio-ecological vulnerability, meaning that disasters will continue to occur unless resilience can be restored to improve the capacity to cope with this high susceptibility to hazards.

scholarly journals Conceptual development and change precede adults’ judgments about powerful appearance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Frank Terrizzi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Preverbal Infants ◽  
Empirical Foundation

Objective: Adults’ mental representations of the physical appearance of people that are “strong” and people that are “in charge” are remarkably similar. Some have explained this feature of adults’ thinking by positing innate mental representations. However, specific details about the nature and structure of these representations and an appropriate empirical foundation for these claims has been lacking. In this review, my objective is to provide a high-level summary of recent research exploring infants’ and young children’s intuitions about the physical manifestations of power. I argue that the social responses and judgments of young participants are more informative about the existence and nature of putatively innate mental content.Methods: Narrative review of developmental studies. Results: Preverbal infants exhibit a remarkably early sensitivity to the relative power of two agents. By the time that people enter childhood, they exhibit increasingly adult-like intuitions about powerful appearance. Additionally, there are significant revisions in the appearance-to-power correspondences that people detect between childhood and adulthood.Conclusions: These complex developmental patterns are inconsistent with the idea that adults’ intuitions about the physical manifestations of power are straightforward outputs of an innate psychology. Rather, despite an early-emerging sensitivity to appearance-based cues to power, significant conceptual development and change precede adults’ judgments about powerful appearance.

scholarly journals The Artistic Features of Indian Films*-Taking “3 Idiots” as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 04053
Author(s):  
Zihan Qu ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Han Mao
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Art Form ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Viewing Experience

As one of the masterpieces of Indian movies, “3 Idiots” uses its unique comedic art to point out social problems and reflect critical thinking from the outside to the inside. At the same time, it repeatedly uses story conflicts to strengthen the expression of the film’s core ideas. The plot combines a high-level singing and dancing art form with regional characteristics through a two-line narrative structure of time and space. The connotation and expression of the film complement each other, strengthen the viewing experience, and deepen the social and aesthetic value of the film.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Sue Clayton ◽  
Anna Gupta ◽  
Katie Willis
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Young People ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Structural Inequalities

This chapter draws together themes emerging from the preceding chapters, as well as identifying policy recommendations. It starts by highlighting the insights drawn from the cross-disciplinary approach adopted in the book. It then moves on to stress the social justice and human rights perspective, including the implications of how unaccompanied asylum-seeking children are framed by the authorities that are dealing with their cases. It discusses the need to acknowledge and support young people in exercising their agency, albeit within the confines of structural inequalities. The chapter then provides policy recommendations including the implementation of current laws and guidelines, and a review of age assessment processes. The chapter concludes with examples of new practices and new critical thinking that have emerged in the face of challenges associated with supporting unaccompanied young migrants in recent years.

Social competences of professional foster parents

2020 ◽  
Vol 595 (8) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Jan Basiaga ◽  
Iwona Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Foster Mothers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Foster Fathers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Social Competences

The aim of the study was to determine the structure of social competences of professional foster parents using the Social Competence Questionnaire A. Matczak (2001). The study included 167 professional foster parents carrying out family emergency tasks in the Śląskie and Małopolskie voivodships. Research results show that more than half of the respondents are characterized by an average, and more than one-third by a high level of social competence. Compared to the results of the general population, foster mothers have significantly higher competences on the intimacy scale, and foster fathers on the assertiveness scale. In comparison with representatives of other social professions (nurses, family assistants), foster mothers have significantly higher social competences in the intimacy scale compared to nurses. In comparison with family assistants, the results obtained are comparable.

scholarly journals Critical thinking of young citizens towards news headlines in Chile

Comunicar ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (54) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Vernier ◽  
Luis Cárcamo ◽  
Eliana Scheihing
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
News Media ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Online News ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Social Mobilization ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
News Headlines

Strengthening critical thinking abilities of citizens in the face of news published on the web represents a key challenge for education. Young citizens appear to be vulnerable in the face of poor quality news or those containing nonexplicit ideologies. In the field of data science, computational and statistical techniques have been developed to automatically collect and characterize online news media in real time. Nevertheless, there is still not a lot of interdisciplinary research on how to design data exploration platforms supporting an educational process of critical citizenship. This article explores this opportunity through a case study analyzing critical thinking ability of students when facing news dealing with the social mobilization “No+APF”. From data collected through 4 online exercises conducted by 75 secondary school students, 55 university students and 25 communication specialists, we investigate to what extent young citizens are able to classify news headlines and ideological orientation of news media outlets. We also question the influence of the media’s brand name and the subjectivity of each participant in regards to the social mobilization “No+APF”. The results underline the importance of group work, the influence of the brand name and the correlation between criticalthinking abilities and having a defined opinion. Fortalecer el pensamiento crítico de ciudadanos frente a noticias de Internet representa un desafío educativo clave. Los jóvenes ciudadanos parecen vulnerables frente a noticias de mala calidad u orientaciones ideológicas poco explícitas. Desde la ciencia de datos se desarrollan técnicas informáticas y estadísticas para recopilar prensa digital en tiempo real y caracterizarla automáticamente. Sin embargo, existe poca investigación interdisciplinar para diseñar plataformas de exploración de datos al servicio de un proceso educativo de ciudadanía crítica. Este artículo investiga esa oportunidad, mediante un estudio de caso en Chile que analiza la capacidad crítica del alumnado frente a noticias de un hecho social relevante: la movilización social «No+AFP». A partir de cuatro tareas en línea ?realizadas por 75 estudiantes de secundaria, 55 estudiantes universitarios y 25 especialistas en comunicación? preguntamos en qué medida los jóvenes son capaces de calificar titulares de prensa y orientaciones ideológicas de medios de comunicación. Por otra parte, analizamos la influencia de la marca del medio y de la subjetividad que, frente al movimiento social «No+AFP», imprime cada participante al pensamiento crítico. Los resultados obtenidos destacan la relevancia del trabajo en grupo, la influencia de la marca del medio de prensa y la correlación entre tener una opinión definida y la capacidad crítica.

scholarly journals Methodical Aspects of Indirect Assessment of Household Incomes in Determining the Eligibility for Government Social Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
V. Н. Sarioglo
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
Operational Assessment

In present-day Ukraine, a large number of families and individuals are beneficiaries of programs for social support of the population. Economic and political crises, reforms in tariff and social policies, added by the pandemic of coronavirus infection in the latest time, result in the worsening life standards of a considerable share of the population in certain periods of time. In was in 2015–2018 that in some of the quite populated localities social programs covered as many as 70% of the population. This triggered a respective growth in the social support from the central and local budgets. Such situation aggravated the problem of targeting of the government social support, decreasing the number of cases when a social aid is assigned in an improper or baseless manner, and the scopes of fraud in this sphere. One of the ways for reforming the system of social support in the present days is to adopt the method of assigning all the categories of support with consideration of incomes and property status of applicants. The property status of families or individuals can be quite accurately measured given the access to the registers containing data on houses, land plots, transport vehicles etc. either possessed or disposed by them. However, given a high level of employment in the informal sector, large scales of the shadow economy and external labor migration, assessment of the actual income level of families constitutes a serious problem. Quite often the stated incomes do not correspond with actual ones, and applicants do not have stimuli to disclose their real life standards.  The article’s objective is to expose a methodological approach to operational assessment of potential incomes of applicants and recipients of social support. Approaches based on statistical models of correlation between life standards and sets of households’ or individuals’ characteristics have been constructed and used in many developing countries where the conditions for formation of the population incomes are similar to the ones in Ukraine. The article highlights methodological foundations for building up the models for operational assessment of the population income, with due account to issues of information support to modeling and use of income assessment results. Examples of computations by the proposed models are given. 

What Can We Learn From Factorial Surveys About Human Behavior?

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Petzold ◽  
Tobias Wolbring
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Intended Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Factorial survey experiments are increasingly used in the social sciences to investigate behavioral intentions. The measurement of self-reported behavioral intentions with factorial survey experiments frequently assumes that the determinants of intended behavior affect actual behavior in a similar way. We critically investigate this fundamental assumption using the misdirected email technique. Student participants of a survey were randomly assigned to a field experiment or a survey experiment. The email informs the recipient about the reception of a scholarship with varying stakes (full-time vs. book) and recipient’s names (German vs. Arabic). In the survey experiment, respondents saw an image of the same email. This validation design ensured a high level of correspondence between units, settings, and treatments across both studies. Results reveal that while the frequencies of self-reported intentions and actual behavior deviate, treatments show similar relative effects. Hence, although further research on this topic is needed, this study suggests that determinants of behavior might be inferred from behavioral intentions measured with survey experiments.

Academic motivation and professional skills development in the Specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism at a public university [Motivación académica y desarrollo de competencias profesionales en la Especialidad de Ciencias Sociales y Turismo de una universidad pública]

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia De Paz Lazaro ◽  
Jessica Luz Palomino Collantes
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Public University ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Competencias Profesionales ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the research is to determine the relationship between academic motivation and the professional skills development in the specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. The study is quantitative and the design is non-experimental correlational translational. The results indicate that there is a high level relationship (0.914) between the independent academic motivation variable and the professional competences development in the Specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. In conclusion, motivation is directly related to the professional skills development in the specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. The research results conclude that there is a high relationship between the variables.

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