scholarly journals ЕНЕРҐЕТИЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ОГІРКА НА НАСІННЄВІ ЦІЛІ У СХІДНОМУ ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

2014 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
О. Д. Вітанов ◽  
О. В. Солдатенко ◽  
Л. М. Урюпіна
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Cucumber Seed

Встановлено, що в процесі вирощуваня огірка нанасіннєві цілі у східному Лісостепу України кращимспособом зрошення є краплинний. За даного способуполиву добрива потрібно вносити локально у ґрунт ізрозрахунку N30P60K45 та проводити фертигації двічіза веґетаційний період по N15. При цьому отримановрожайність кондиційного насіння (188 кг/га) занайменшої витрати енерґії (352,7 МДж) на форму-вання 1 кг насіння й найбільшому коефіцієнту енер-ґетичної ефективності (0,053) за рахунок економіїводи (46 %) і мінеральних добрив (50 %). It is established that when the cultivation of cucumber seed goals in Eastern forest-Steppe of Ukraine the best way to drip irrigation is. For this method of irrigation fertilizers must be applied locally in soil based N30P60K45 and conduct fertigation twice during the vegetation period on the N15. The obtained yield of conditioned seeds (188 kg/ha) at the lower energy costs (352,7 MJ) on the formation of 1 kg of seeds, and the largest energy efficiency ratio (0,053) by saving water (46 %) and mineral fertilizers (50 %).

scholarly journals Bioenergy efficiency of some elements of sugar beets growing technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
L. Karpuk ◽  
A. Pavlichenko ◽  
V. Karaulna ◽  
L. Bogatyr ◽  
V. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Sugar Beets

The goal of the research is to assess the bioenergy efficiency of individual elements of sugar beet growing technology. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted at the Training and Production Center (BCC) of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University in 2015-2017. All field experiments were conduct on the background of the main fertilizer. Under the basic cultivation of the soil 40 t/h of manure and N120P100K140 mineral fertilizers (a.s.) were introduced, on the basis of the planned yield of 70 t/ha. Norms of organic and mineral fertilizers were calculated taking into account the presence of nutrients in the soil and the coefficient of their removal by sugar beet. The results of research. For the energy assessment of the elements of sugar beet cultivation technology in the central part of the Right-bank Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, the cost of the total energy per unit area was determined by the technological maps, which were grouped and analyzed according to the following articles: seeds, fertilizers, fuels and lubricants, mechanized and manual work, and etc. The energy efficiency was determined by the energy efficiency ratio (Cee) – the ratio of the difference between the reproduced energy (energy consumption of the crop) and the consumed energy efficiency coefficient where the seed with the laboratory similarity was sown more than 95 % – (Cee = 5.51). When used for sowing seeds with a laboratory similarity of more than 91–95 %, the energy efficiency was slightly lower than that of sowing seeds more than 95 % and was 5.42. With the increasing of plant density to harvesting from 80–90 to 101–110 thousand/ha, the energy output from the harvest increased from 829521 to 905520 MJ, but due to higher yields in variants where the plant density was 101-110 thousand/ha of energy, comparatively before control was higher. The energy efficiency ratio tended to decrease both for the use of hybrids and for the introduction of trace elements in the feed and amounted to 5.57–6.08. Conclusions. It is proved that the developed agrotechnological measures for sugar beet cultivation in the line hybrid – the quality of the seeds – the plant stomatal density – fertilizers – the duration of the vegetation period, provide a high economic effect. The formation of optimal sugar beet seeding on the area provided the highest yield of energy with the yield on variants with double application of microfertilizers in the non-root nutrition. Key words: sugar beets, bioenergy efficiency, similarity of sown seeds, plant density, varietal composition, foliar nutrition, duration of vegetation period.

scholarly journals Energy Assessment of Sorghum Cultivation in Southern Ukraine

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Oleg Bazaluk ◽  
Valerii Havrysh ◽  
Mykhailo Fedorchuk ◽  
Vitalii Nitsenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Global climate changes and fossil fuel reserve depletion are drivers for the search for environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. In Europe, biomass represents the main alternative to fossil fuels. Among energy crops, sorghum is a promising crop for arid regions. The biomass yield and energy efficiency of sorghum (both silage and grain) were studied based on field experiments conducted in Southern Ukraine. The following climate changes were identified: an increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation. The total energy inputs for sweet sorghum were estimated at 11.256 GJ/ha. The main contributors to the energy inputs are mineral fertilizers (56.99%). The experiment showed that a yield of 40.6 t/ha could be achieved with annual precipitation of 350 mm. The energy efficiency ratio was determined to be 11.18. The total energy inputs for grain sorghum was 16.081 GJ/ha. Its yield (grain) varied from 1.92 to 7.05 t/ha. The energy efficiency ratio of grain sorghum ranged from 2.8 to 16.7.

scholarly journals Dynamics of mineral nitrogen in the gray forest soil under malt barley on the background of mineral fertilizers in the forest steppe of the east Prisayan

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Viktor Grebenshchikov ◽  
Nikolay Tyutrin ◽  
Vasily Verkhoturov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Moisture Regime

The content of mineral nitrogen was studied when it was applied at a dose of 60 kg / ha on gray forest soil of heavy particle- size distribution at various levels of phosphorus-potassium nutrition in field experiments with barley. Fertilizer doses were determined by the normative method according to the CINAS method for a planned yield of 3 t / ha. It was shown that the dynamics of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen depended on the moisture regime during the vegetation period. With excessive moisture, nitrate nitrogen, with its initial content of 4-5 mg / kg, is not detected in the arable layer by the middle of the growing season, and with a moisture deficit, less dynamism is noted. It is found in an amount of 5-7 mg / kg by the end of vegetation. The N – NH4 + dynamics turned out to be less pronounced. With an excess of moisture, its content increased to 15.6 mg / kg, and with a deficit, it decreased more than by four times from the maximum during the vegetation. In general, the content of mineral nitrogen in gray forest soil is highly dynamic, which depends on the moisture regime and the nature of its consumption by barley.

scholarly journals THE ACCUMULATION OF MICROELEMENTS IN PLANTS OF SPRING RAPE WITH THE USE OF CHICKEN MANURE, AND ZEOLITE

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
О.А. ДУБРОВИНА ◽  
Т.В. ЗУБКОВА ◽  
Д.В. ВИНОГРАДОВ
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Mineral Mixtures

Проблема и цель. Целью исследования являлось изучение влияния различных доз куриного помёта (КП), цеолита (Ц), их смесей и минеральных удобрений на накопление микроэлементов в вегетативных органах растений ярового рапса в различные фазы развития. Методология. Опыт закладывался по следующей схеме: 1) контроль; 2) N60P60K60; 3) Ц 3 т/га; 4) КП 2,5 т/га; 5) КП 5 т/га; 6) КП 10 т/га; 7) N60P60K60 +Ц 3 т/га; 8) КП 2,5 т/га+Ц 3 т/га; 9) КП 5 т/га+Ц 3 т/га; 10) КП 10 т/га+Ц 3 т/га. Содержание микроэлементов меди, марганца, цинка в растениях устанавливали после сухого озоления при температуре 525 ± 25 ºС атомно-абсорбционным методом. Результаты. Результаты опыта показали, что внесение цеолитсодержащей породы Тербунского месторождения способствовало снижению таких микроэлементов как Cu, Zn и Mn в вегетативной массе рапса на протяжении всего периода развития растений. На опытных участках с использованием органо-минеральных смесей (КП 2,5 т/га + Ц 3 т/га, КП 5 т/га + Ц 3 т/га , КП 10 т/га + Ц 3 т/га) выявлена активная адсорбция цеолитсодержащей породы Тербунского месторождения по отношению к Zn, которая способствовала снижению элемента в вегетативной массе рапса в вариантах опыта на протяжении всего периода вегетации растений. Заключение. Следовательно, проведённые исследования позволяют рекомендовать возделывание ярового рапса с использованием в качестве удобрений органических отходов совместно с природным цеолитом в условиях лесостепи ЦЧР. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the study was to study the efect of diferent doses of chicken manure (CM), zeolite (Z), their mixtures and mineral fertilizers on the accumulation of trace elements in the vegetative organs of spring rapeseed plants at diferent stages of development. Methodology. The experiment was based on the following scheme: 1) control; 2) N60P60K60; 3) Z 3 t/ha; 4) CM 2.5 t/ha; 5) CM 5 t/ha; 6) CM 10 t/ha; 7) N60P60K60 + Z 3 t/ha; 8) CM 2.5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha; 9) CM 5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha; 10) CM 10 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha. The content of trace elements of copper, manganese and zinc in plants was determined after dry salting at a temperature of 525 ± 25° C by atomic absorption. Results. The results of the experiment showed that the introduction of zeolite-containing rocks ofTerbunsky Deposit contributed to the reduction of such microelements as Cu, Zn and Mn in the vegetative mass of rapeseed throughout the entire period of plant development. Active adsorption of the zeolite-containing rock of Terbunsky Deposit in relation to Zn was revealed in the experimental plots using organo-mineral mixtures (CM 2.5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha, CM 5 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha, CM 10 t/ha + Z 3 t/ha), which contributed to a decrease in the element in the vegetative mass of rapeseed in the experimental variants throughout the entire vegetation period of plants. Conclusion. Therefore, the conducted research allows to recommend the cultivation of spring rapeseed with the use of organic waste as fertilizers together with natural zeolite in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Central Black Soil Region

scholarly journals Economic and energy efficiency of growing different varieties of meadow clamp for feed purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
G.I. Demidas ◽  
◽  
I.V. Galushko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

Establish changes in the indicators of economic and energy efficiency of growing different varieties of clover for fodder purposes, depending on the methods of sowing, inoculation of seeds with nodule bacteria and fertilizers. Methods. Field and laboratory - for research in the field and laboratory conditions, analytical - to determine the chemical composition of the dry biomass of meadow clover, calculated - to determine the indicators of economic and energy efficiency. Growing meadow clover for fodder purposes on chernozems of typical low-humus northern part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is profitable. Regardless of the elements of technology, it provides 14962-23743 UAH of net profit with a profitability of 88-259 % and the cost of 1 ton of feed units – 1415-2662 UAH and crude protein – 5363-10265 UAH, payback of energy consumption per 1 ha gross energy (KEE) – 6.2-9.0 and the output of 1 ha of exchange energy (BEC) – 3,2-4,6, as well as energy costs per 1 ton of feed units 2.86-4.20 GJ. The best indicators of economic and energy efficiency of meadow clover cultivation are provided by the Typhoon variety by inoculation of seeds with nodule bacteria on a background without fertilizers. Additional application of P60K90 or N60P60K90 on the background of inoculation, which is necessary to maintain soil fertility, worsens them, reducing the net profit by 3486-5943 UAH per ha.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency of winter rapeseed cultivation depending on the technology elements

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
O. O. Matsera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Yield Rate ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Maturity Groups

The results of studies on the effect of planting time and various rates of mineral fertilizers on the formation of indices of energy efficiency of winter rapeseed hybrids of various maturity groups are analyzed. The significant influence of the technology elements studied on the main indices has been noted. It has been established that a change in the yield rate obtained by hybrids caused a change in the energy efficiency indices. Among the three hybrids studied, the highest energy capacity of 77,900 MJ was obtained by hybrid ‘Exotic’ under the first planting time on August 10 and application of N240P120K240, the maximum energy efficiency ratio of 2.34 was obtained by hybrid ‘Exagon’ under the first planting time, but in the variant without application of fertilizers.

scholarly journals Efficiency of mineral fertilizers for growing Althaea officinalis L. under conditions of irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
N. Pryvedeniuk ◽  
L. Hlushchenko ◽  
V. Тrubka
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Second Year

In the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine, a study was carried out to establish the effect of mineral fertilizers and drip irrigation on the yield of dry raw material. It was found that irrigation significantly increases productivity of althaea, by eliminating the deficit of soil moisture in critical periods of growth and development. The yield increase caused by the use of drip irrigation in the first year of vegetation of the crop was 1.27–1.98 t/ha for dry grass, for leaves — 0.69–1.17 t/ha, for roots 0.22–0.39 t/ha. For the second growing season, the yield increase was: 1.52–4.7 t/ha for grass, 0.46–1.35 t/ha for leaves and 1.5–2.76 t/ha for roots. It was also found that increase of the mineral fertilizers main application dose caused increase of the yield. The highest yield of dry raw material of the culture was obtained in both the first and second years of the growing season with the introduction of N180P180K180. With the application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N180P180K180 under conditions of drip irrigation, the yield of dried althaea grass was 8.09 t/ha, leaves — 3.88 t/ha, roots — 3.08 t/ha, which exceeded the option without fertilizers and without irrigation by 4.08 t/ha for grass, 2.04 t/ha for leaves, 1.44 t/ha for roots. The highest yield was obtained in the second year of vegetation using the variant with the application of the highest dose of mineral fertilizers under drip irrigation, where the yield of dry grass was 15.78 t/ha, leaves — 4.42 t/ha, roots — 6.24 t/ha. On the plantation of the second year of vegetation in the variant without irrigation and without fertilizers, the yield of raw materials was the lowest. It was 6.85 t/ha for grass, 1.88 t/ha for leaves and 2.12 t/ha for roots.

scholarly journals Converting from Steam to Gas

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (02) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Michael Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Additional Measure ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Gas Heating ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Reducing Energy

This article reviews how some factory managers are reducing energy and maintenance costs by replacing their aging steam systems with natural-gas-fired heating units. The benefits of lower energy bills and greater energy efficiency are obvious, but switching from steam to gas heating can also increase worker comfort, boosting morale and productivity. Such bonuses have been gained recently at a CF&I Steel L.P. works in Pueblo, Colo., and a Chrysler Corp. engine facility in Kenosha, Wisconsin. The process of switching to gas can reduce maintenance costs, because gas systems have an inherently less troublesome design than steam-distributed piping systems. A major advantage of infrared h eating systems is that they can provide the same degree of comfort at lower energy costs than conventional forced-air systems and boiler systems such as CF&I’s. Each group of five heaters in the CF&I machine shop was placed in a single thermostat system with a 24-hour timer as an additional measure to ensure efficiency.

scholarly journals Influence of fertilization with green manure and treatment on yield, economic and energy efficiency of spring barley

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
K.S. Karabach ◽  
◽  
E.M. Berezhniak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
The Impact

The influence of the application of fertilizers with green manure and soil treatment on the yield, economic and energy efficiency of spring barley has been studied. The aim of the work was to identify the impact of the implemented tillage systems with elements of minimization and fertilization with elements of biologization on the productivity and economic performance of spring barley. It is established that in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the aftereffect of application of high norms of organic and mineral fertilizers on typical chernozem has a positive effect on spring barley yield, increasing it, compared to control, by 0.55–1.10 t/ha per plowing, by 0, 65–1.35 t/ha for deep tillage and 0.55–1.30 t/ha for shallow tillage. It was found that the highest crop yield (3.85 t/ha) was obtained against after shallow tillage and aftereffects of fertilizer application with manure. The use of fertilizers helped to increase the protein content in the grain of spring barley. The influence of tillage systems on the protein content of barley was reliably noted only in the variant of fertilizers with straw & green manure. The use of shallow tillage with organic manure and fertilizer provides a decrease of 142.9 UAH/t of the cost of production, an increase of 886 UAH/ha of net profit and a 21.2% reduction in energy consumption compared to plowing.

Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Guzel Gumerova ◽  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Anatoly Shuravilin ◽  
Elena Piven
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

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