scholarly journals The impact on selection of non-alcoholic vs alcoholic drink availability: an online experiment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Katherine Mary Blackwell ◽  
Katie De-loyde ◽  
Gareth J Hollands ◽  
Richard Morris ◽  
Laura A Brocklebank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Cognitive Resource ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Resource Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Background Increasing the availability of healthier food increases its selection and consumption. However, there is an absence of evidence related to alcohol. This study aimed to estimate the impact of increasing the absolute and relative availability of non-alcoholic compared to alcoholic drinks on selection. We also assessed whether effects were modified by cognitive resource.Methods UK adult weekly alcohol consumers (n=808) were recruited to an online experiment with a hypothetical drink selection task. Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions, in a 4 (availability) x 2 (cognitive resource) factorial design. The four availability conditions were: i. Reference 1 (two non-alcoholic, two alcoholic drinks); ii. Reference 2 (four non-alcoholic, four alcoholic drinks); iii. Increased non-alcoholic drinks (six non-alcoholic, two alcoholic drinks); iv. Increased alcoholic drinks (two non-alcoholic, six alcoholic drinks). The two cognitive resource conditions were: a. Low (high time pressure); b. High (low time pressure). Logistic regression was used to assess selection of a non-alcoholic drink. Results49% of participants selected a non-alcoholic drink in the Increased non-alcoholic drinks condition, compared to 36% in Reference 1, 39% in Reference 2, and 26% in the Increased alcoholic drinks condition. Non-alcoholic drink selection was similar between Reference 1 and 2 when the total number of drinks increased (absolute availability) but the proportion of non-alcoholic compared to alcoholic drinks (relative availability) was unchanged (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.77, 1.73). In contrast, the odds of selecting a non-alcoholic drink were 71% higher when both absolute and relative availability of non-alcoholic compared to alcoholic drinks was increased from Reference 1 to the Increased non-alcoholic drinks condition (OR: 1.71, 95% CI 1.15, 2.54), and 48% higher when increased from Reference 2 to the Increased non-alcoholic drinks condition (OR: 1.48, 95% CI 0.99, 2.19). There was no evidence of an effect of cognitive resource.ConclusionsGreater availability of non-alcoholic drinks, compared to alcoholic drinks, increased their online selection, an effect that may be larger when changing their relative availability, i.e., increasing the proportion of non-alcoholic drinks. Naturalistic studies are needed to determine the impact of availability interventions on reducing alcohol purchasing and consumption.

scholarly journals The impact on selection of non-alcoholic vs alcoholic drink availability: an online experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. M. Blackwell ◽  
Katie De-loyde ◽  
Gareth J. Hollands ◽  
Richard W. Morris ◽  
Laura A. Brocklebank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Experiment ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Symmetry and Asymmetry in Working and Commuting Arrangements between Partners in the Netherlands: Does the Residential Context Matter?

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2181-2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith de Meester ◽  
Maarten van Ham
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
Residential Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Access ◽  
Made In

Time spent on work and commuting within dual-earner households is often analysed separately for individuals, but this does no justice to the reality of dual-earner households where decisions on work and commuting are made in a household context. This paper reports on a quantitative study of the impact of the residential context on working arrangements and commuting arrangements of partners in couple and family households. Using multinomial logistic regression, we analysed data from the 2002 Netherlands Housing Demand Survey and the 2004 ABF Real Estate Monitor. The results show a (gendered) effect of residential location in terms of degree of urbanisation and job access on both working and commuting arrangements. Good access to jobs makes it more likely that couples have a symmetric full-time working arrangement and also more likely that both partners work far away from home. Those in symmetric full-time working arrangements are also those most likely to be in symmetric close commuting arrangements. This finding reflects the substantial time pressure on such households.

scholarly journals The Application of a Logistic Regression Model for Predicting Preferences of Transport System Users

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
A. Brzeziński ◽  
K. Brzeziński ◽  
T. Dybicz ◽  
Ł. Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

AbstractWithin the INMOP 3 research project, an attempt was made to solve a number of problems associated with the methodology of modelling travel in urban areas and the application of intermodal models. One of these is the ability to describe the behaviour of transport system users, when it comes to making decisions regarding the selection of means of transport and searching for relationships between travel describing factors and the decisions made in regard of means of transport choice.The paper describes a probabilistic approach to the determination of modal split, and the application of a logistic regression model to determine the impact of variables describing individual and mass transport travels on the probability of selecting specific means of transport. Travels in local model of Warsaw city divided into 9 motivation groups were tested, for which ultimately 8 models were developed, out of which 7 were deemed very well fitted (obtained pseudo R2 was well above 0.2).

scholarly journals Impact of Family Separation on Subjective Time Pressure and Mental Health in Refugees from the Middle East and Africa Resettled in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11722
Author(s):  
Matthias Belau ◽  
Heiko Becher ◽  
Alexander Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Separation ◽  
The Impact

Little is known about social determinants among refugees resettled in Germany. This study aims to examine the impact of family separation on refugees’ subjective time pressure and mental health. Data come from the FlueGe Health Study (n = 208), a cross-sectional study administered by Bielefeld University. We used logistic regression analysis to investigate the effect of family separation on (i) being time-stressed and (ii) having a high risk for adverse mental health, considering sociodemographic and postmigration factors. As a result, more than 30% of participants with a spouse or partner and about 18% with a child or children reported separation. Multiple logistic regression showed that family separation was not associated with being time-stressed, but separation from at least one child was associated with adverse mental health (OR = 3.53, 95% CI = [1.23, 10.11]). In conclusion, family separation primarily contributes to adverse mental health among refugees from the Middle East and Africa resettled in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Therefore, policies and practices that facilitate family reunification can contribute significantly to the promotion of refugees’ mental health and well-being.

Impact of Image-and-text and Text-only Health Warning Labels on Selection and Consumption of Food and Alcohol Products: Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Clarke ◽  
Emily Pechey ◽  
Daina Kosīte ◽  
Laura M König ◽  
Eleni Mantzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Reducing harmful consumption of food (including non-alcoholic drinks) and alcoholic drinks would prevent much disease. Evidence from tobacco control shows that placing health warning labels (HWLs) on these products reduces their selection and consumption. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted using Cochrane methods to assess the impact on selection (including hypothetical selection) or consumption of food or alcoholic drinks with image-and-text (sometimes termed ‘pictorial’) and text-only HWLs placed on these products. Studies were required to be randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials. Fourteen studies were included, three on alcohol, eleven on food. For our primary outcomes, eleven studies measured selection and one measured consumption (two measured only other secondary outcomes). Meta-analysis of twelve comparisons from nine studies (n=12,635) found HWLs reduced selection of the targeted product compared to a control group with no HWL (RR=0.74 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.80)), with participants 26% less likely to choose a product displaying a HWL. A planned subgroup analysis suggested a larger effect on selection of image-and-text HWLs (RR=0.65 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.80)) than text-only HWLs (RR=0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.85)), but this difference was not statistically significant. These findings suggest significant potential for HWLs to reduce selection of food and alcohol, but all experimental studies to date were conducted in laboratory or online settings with outcomes assessed immediately after a single exposure. Studies in field and more naturalistic laboratory settings are urgently needed to estimate the potential effects of HWLs on food and alcohol.

scholarly journals Influence of Grape Cultivars and Technological Treatments on Quality of Grape Brandies

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Goran Milanov ◽  
Klime Beleski ◽  
Julijana Cvetković ◽  
Duško Nedelkovski
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Selection Of

The paper investigates the impact and the selection of grape vari­eties, as well as finding out, improvement and implementation of the most appropriate technological processes and production methods on the quality of strong alcoholic drinks from grape. We examined  grape varieties such as Smederevka and Vranac that are present in Macedonia as well as table cultivar Afus Ali for brandy production. The intensities of the different types of the applied technologies in the production of three types of brandies: wine brandy, grape brandy and pomace brandy. In this context, we studied the effects of fine lees on quality of winebrandy, the impact of stem presence and time of distillation on the quality of grape and pomace brandy. Chemical and gas chromatographic analysis was performed and brandies were sensory evaluated. The effect of technological processes on the sensory characteristics was determined, as well. 

scholarly journals Register impacts perceptual consonance through roughness and sharpness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Eerola ◽  
Imre Lahdelma
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Limited Frequency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Consonance And Dissonance

AbstractThe perception of consonance and dissonance in intervals and chords is influenced by psychoacoustic and cultural factors. Past research has provided conflicting observations about the role of frequency in assessing musical consonance that may stem from comparisons of limited frequency bands without much theorizing or modeling. Here we examine the effect of register on perceptual consonance of chords. Based on two acoustic principles, we predict a decrease in consonance at low frequencies (roughness) and a decrease of consonance at high frequencies (sharpness). Due to these two separate principles, we hypothesize that frequency will have a curvilinear impact on consonance. A selection of tetrads varying in consonance were presented in seven registers spanning 30 to 2600 Hz. Fifty-five participants rated the stimuli in an online experiment. The effect of register on consonance ratings was clear and largely according to the predictions; The low registers impacted consonance negatively and the highest two registers also received significantly lower consonance ratings than the middle registers. The impact of register on consonance could be accurately described with a cubic relationship. Overall, the influence of roughness was more pronounced on consonance ratings than sharpness. Together, these findings clarify previous empirical efforts to model the effect of frequency on consonance through basic acoustic principles. They further suggest that a credible account of consonance and dissonance in music needs to incorporate register.

scholarly journals Impact of health warning labels communicating the risk of cancer on alcohol selection: An online experimental study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Clarke ◽  
Emily Pechey ◽  
Eleni Mantzari ◽  
Anna Katherine Mary Blackwell ◽  
Katie De-loyde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Consumption Change ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Selection Of

Background and AimsEvidence from tobacco research suggests that health warning labels (HWLs) depicting the adverse consequences of consumption change smoking behaviours, with image-and-text (also known as ‘pictorial’ or ‘graphic’) HWLs most effective. There is an absence of evidence concerning the potential impact of HWLs placed on alcohol products on selection of those products. This study aimed to obtain a preliminary assessment of the possible impact of (a) image-and-text (b) text-only and (c) image-only HWLs on selection of alcoholic versus non-alcoholic drinks. DesignA between-subjects randomised experiment with a 2 (image: present vs absent) x 2 (text: present vs absent) factorial design. SettingThe study was conducted on the online survey platform Qualtrics.Participants Participants (n=6024) were adults over the age of 18 who consumed beer or wine regularly (i.e., at least once a week), recruited through a market research agency. Interventions Participants were randomised to one of four groups varying in the HWL displayed on the packaging of alcoholic drinks: i. image-and-text HWL; ii. text-only HWL; iii. image-only HWL; iv. no HWL. HWLs depicted bowel cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer, which were each displayed twice across six alcoholic drinks. Each group viewed six alcoholic and six non-alcoholic drinks and selected one drink that they would like to consume. MeasurementsThe primary outcome was the proportion of participants selecting an alcoholic versus a non-alcoholic drink.FindingsAlcoholic drink selection was lower for all HWL types compared with no HWL (image-and-text: 56%; image-only: 49%; text-only: 61%; no HWL: 77%), with selection lowest for HWLs that included an image. Image-and-text HWLs reduced the odds of selecting an alcoholic drink compared with text-only HWLs (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92), but increased the odds of selecting an alcoholic drink compared with image-only HWLs (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.55).ConclusionsHealth warning labels communicating the increased risk of cancers associated with alcohol consumption reduced selection of alcoholic versus non-alcoholic drinks in a hypothetical choice task in an online setting; labels displaying images had the largest effect. Their impact in laboratory and real-world field settings using physical products awaits investigation.

Methods for Restricting Maximum Exposure Rate in Computerized Adaptative Testing

Methodology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ramon Barrada ◽  
Julio Olea ◽  
Vicente Ponsoda
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Exposure Rate ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Alternatives ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Maximum Exposure

Abstract. The Sympson-Hetter (1985) method provides a means of controlling maximum exposure rate of items in Computerized Adaptive Testing. Through a series of simulations, control parameters are set that mark the probability of administration of an item on being selected. This method presents two main problems: it requires a long computation time for calculating the parameters and the maximum exposure rate is slightly above the fixed limit. Van der Linden (2003) presented two alternatives which appear to solve both of the problems. The impact of these methods in the measurement accuracy has not been tested yet. We show how these methods over-restrict the exposure of some highly discriminating items and, thus, the accuracy is decreased. It also shown that, when the desired maximum exposure rate is near the minimum possible value, these methods offer an empirical maximum exposure rate clearly above the goal. A new method, based on the initial estimation of the probability of administration and the probability of selection of the items with the restricted method ( Revuelta & Ponsoda, 1998 ), is presented in this paper. It can be used with the Sympson-Hetter method and with the two van der Linden's methods. This option, when used with Sympson-Hetter, speeds the convergence of the control parameters without decreasing the accuracy.

The impact of SPY angiography on intraoperative decision making and outcomes for post-mastectomy reconstruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Flap Necrosis ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Objective: While the use of intraoperative laser angiography (SPY) is increasing in mastectomy patients, its impact in the operating room to change the type of reconstruction performed has not been well described. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SPY angiography influences post-mastectomy reconstruction decisions and outcomes. Methods and materials: A retrospective analysis of mastectomy patients with reconstruction at a single institution was performed from 2015-2017.All patients underwent intraoperative SPY after mastectomy but prior to reconstruction. SPY results were defined as ‘good’, ‘questionable’, ‘bad’, or ‘had skin excised’. Complications within 60 days of surgery were compared between those whose SPY results did not change the type of reconstruction done versus those who did. Preoperative and intraoperative variables were entered into multivariable logistic regression models if significant at the univariate level. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 267 mastectomies were identified, 42 underwent a change in the type of planned reconstruction due to intraoperative SPY results. Of the 42 breasts that underwent a change in reconstruction, 6 had a ‘good’ SPY result, 10 ‘questionable’, 25 ‘bad’, and 2 ‘had areas excised’ (p<0.01). After multivariable analysis, predictors of skin necrosis included patients with ‘questionable’ SPY results (p<0.01, OR: 8.1, 95%CI: 2.06 – 32.2) and smokers (p<0.01, OR:5.7, 95%CI: 1.5 – 21.2). Predictors of any complication included a change in reconstruction (p<0.05, OR:4.5, 95%CI: 1.4-14.9) and ‘questionable’ SPY result (p<0.01, OR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.6-14.9). Conclusion: SPY angiography results strongly influence intraoperative surgical decisions regarding the type of reconstruction performed. Patients most at risk for flap necrosis and complication post-mastectomy are those with questionable SPY results.

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