scholarly journals Time from diagnosis does not improve diabetes care knowledge for older adults with type 2 diabetes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Rose Burdett Parker ◽  
Yeong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Time Since Diagnosis

Uncontrolled diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease development. Knowledge of diabetes management is one tool in helping individuals with diabetes to control their blood glucose levels. The goal of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between self-rated understanding of diabetes management and time since diagnosis, and whether there were differences in self-rated understanding based on time since diagnosis. This study used an observational, cross-sectional, self-report design with two delivery options. Participants were adults over 50 years of age participating either online or at a senior apartment. A survey was developed to include self-rated diabetes management knowledge, relatives with diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease symptoms, as well as lifestyle behaviors. The data were filtered to include only those with a self-reported diabetes diagnosis, and analyzed using non-parametric statistics, the Mann-Whitney test and Spearman’s rho. There was no relationship or difference between time since diagnosis and self-rated understanding of diabetes management. Continuing education is needed to help people with diabetes to manage their condition, even years after diagnosis. Failure to understand diabetes management is likely to lead to uncontrolled diabetes, which is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals Stigma and Its Association With Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Brazeau ◽  
Meranda Nakhla ◽  
Michael Wright ◽  
Mélanie Henderson ◽  
Constadina Panagiotopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Hypoglycemic Episode ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Qualitative studies in type 1 diabetes indicate that visibility of diabetes supplies, self-care, and hypoglycemia symptoms are associated with stigma and suboptimal management. This may be particularly salient in youth who face concurrent challenges such as establishing autonomy and making vocational choices. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to estimate stigma prevalence in youth (aged 14-24 years) with type 1 diabetes and its associations with glycemic control. METHODS Participants, recruited largely through social media, were asked to complete a Web-based survey and to send via mail capillary blood samples for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement. The primary definition of stigma required endorsement of one or more of 3 stigma-specific items of the Barriers to Diabetes Adherence questionnaire. These addressed avoidance of diabetes management with friends present, difficulty telling others about diabetes diagnosis, and embarrassment in performing diabetes care with others present. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c>9% (ie, >75 mmol/mol; measured value when available, else self-report) and/or ≥1 severe hypoglycemic episode in the previous year (reported requiring assistance from someone else during the episode). Stigma prevalence was computed (95% CI), and associations with glycemic control were evaluated (multivariate logistic regression models). RESULTS Among the 380 respondents, stigma prevalence was 65.5% (95% CI 60.7-70.3). Stigma was associated with a 2-fold higher odds of poor glycemic control overall (odds ratio [OR] 2.25, 95% CI 1.33-3.80; adjusted for age, sex, and type of treatment). There were specific associations with both HbA1c>9% (75 mmol/mol; OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.36-6.86) and severe hypoglycemia in the previous year (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.05-3.31). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of stigma in youth with type 1 diabetes that is associated with both elevated HbA1c levels and severe hypoglycemia. Targeted strategies to address stigma are needed. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02796248; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02796248 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6yisxeV0B)

scholarly journals Relationships Between Family History and Self-Reported Diabetes Status and Alzheimer's Disease Warning Signs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Kelly Parker ◽  
Olivia Simonson ◽  
Kristi Medalen ◽  
Yeong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Family History ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Diabetes Status

Abstract Objectives To determine whether familial history is linked for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes, and examine if a relationship exists between years since diagnosis and understanding of diabetes management and blood glucose testing. Methods Adults aged fifty and older were asked to complete a survey that included family history of diabetes and AD. The survey asked respondents to self-identify diabetes status, their understanding of diabetes management, and the frequency of their blood sugar monitoring. Surveys were distributed in person and online via social media and email. Data were entered into SPSS 26, and Pearson correlations were run to determine whether a significant relationship was present between the variables of interest. Results There was not a significant relationship between the number of blood relatives with AD and the number of relatives with diabetes (r = 0.140, P = 0.226), but a weak between the total number of relatives with diabetes and self-reported diabetes status (r = 0.278, P = 0.003). While there was not a significant relationship between years since diabetes diagnosis and self-rated understanding of diabetes management (r = 0.197, P = 0.325), there was a strong relationship between years since diagnosis and total number of blood sugar tests taken per week (r = 0.565, P = 0.004). Conclusions The relationship between number of relatives with diabetes and having diabetes oneself is in line with previous research. Additionally, while diabetics monitor their blood sugar more closely as time goes by, Future efforts are needed to inform diabetics about best practices for blood glucose management. Funding Sources None.

Diabetes Mellitus Is a Risk Factor for Vascular Dementia, but Not for Alzheimer's Disease: A Population-Based Study of the Oldest Old

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Hassing ◽  
Boo Johansson ◽  
Sven E. Nilsson ◽  
Stig Berg ◽  
Nancy L. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine if Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for dementia in very old age, specifically for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: We evaluated the risk of dementia in relation to Type 2 diabetes using a population-based sample of 702 individuals aged 80 years and older (mean age 83 years). A total of 187 persons received a dementia diagnosis. Thirty-one individuals had a diabetes diagnosis prior to onset of the dementia. Results: Cox proportional hazard analyses, adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking habits, and circulatory diseases, indicated an elevated risk to develop VaD (relative risk = 2.54, 95% confidence interval 1.35–4.78) in individuals with diabetes mellitus. No association was found between diabetes and AD. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is selectively related to the different subtypes of dementia. There is no increased risk of AD but more than a twofold risk of VaD in persons with diabetes.

scholarly journals VITAMIN D AND DEMENTIA

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
T.J. Littlejohns ◽  
K. Kos ◽  
W.E. Henley ◽  
E. Kuma ◽  
D.J. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Emerging evidence suggests that low vitamin D concentrations are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of dementia. This is of particular interest when considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in elderly adults and the urgent need to identify modifiable risk factors for dementia. Studies have found that vitamin D is implicated in procognitive and neuroprotective functions, including the reduction of Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks such as amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau. Cross-sectional studies have consistently found that vitamin D concentrations are significantly lower in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive impairment compared to healthy controls. Longitudinal studies support an association between low vitamin D concentrations and an increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline. Neuroimaging studies are beginning to uncover the potential neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular mechanisms that underlie these associations such as white matter hyperintensities and enlarged ventricular volume, although there is currently a lack of longitudinal studies. In contrast to observational studies, findings from interventional studies have produced mixed results on the benefits of vitamin D supplementation on dementia and cognitive outcomes. Interpretation of the findings from these studies is hampered by several major methodological limitations, such as small sample sizes, inadequate doses and inclusion of participants unlikely to benefit from vitamin D supplementation. There is a need for large double-blind randomised-control trials investigating whether vitamin D supplementation can halt or delay the risk of dementia-related outcomes in individuals with low vitamin D concentrations.

scholarly journals Eating a Weekly Serving of Walnuts Relates to Beneficial Brain Imaging Phenotypes in a Cohort at Increased Risk of Alzheimer's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1234-1234
Author(s):  
Aleix Sala-Vila ◽  
Marta Crous-Bou ◽  
Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides ◽  
Eider M de Arenaza-Urquijo ◽  
Marc Suárez-Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives There is increasing evidence on the brain benefits of nut consumption. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the detection of brain changes associated with neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. In middle-aged cognitively unimpaired subjects at increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we searched for cross-sectional associations between nut consumption and MRI-assessed brain phenotypes, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH, a marker of cerebral small vessel disease that confers increased risk of AD and stroke) and topographic patterns of gray matter volume (GMv). Methods We performed high-resolution structural MRI in 382 participants from the ALFA study (ALzheimer and FAmilies) cohort, which is enriched by family history of sporadic AD and APOE-ε4 carriership, the most prevalent genetic risk factor for AD. We assessed nut consumption by a food-frequency questionnaire containing five items related to nuts. WMH volume was normalized by intracranial volume (TIV) and rank-transformed. For WMH, we conducted univariate models with two factors: nut consumption (<1 and ≥1 serving/week) and being APOE-ε4 homozygote (yes/no), and their interaction, adjusting for age, gender, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and adherence to Mediterranean Diet. We also explored whether nut consumption related to differences in GMv using a voxel-based morphometry analysis corrected by age, gender, number of APOE-ε4 alleles, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, adherence to Mediterranean Diet, and TIV. Results 187 participants reported nut consumption of ≥1 serving/week, 148 of whom disclosed walnut consumption. Nut (or walnut) consumption of ≥1 serving/week related to a significantly lower WMH volume (P ≤ 0.035, both). We found no statistically significant nut × APOE-ε4 interactions. Participants reporting consumption of ≥1 walnut serving/week showed significantly greater GMv in areas including the anterior/middle cingulate cortex, which is relevant for cognition and has been associated with successful aging. Conclusions Nut (in particular walnut) consumption relates to beneficial phenotypes of both cerebral vasculature and regional GMv. Funding Sources Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; “la Caixa” Foundation; California Walnut Commission.

scholarly journals Dual task in healthy elderly, depressive and Alzheimer’s disease patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vinícius Ferreira ◽  
Narahyana Bom de Araujo ◽  
Felipe de Oliveira ◽  
Jéssica Plácido ◽  
Paula Sant’ Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate whether the DT performance can be affected by the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Cross-sectional data with 108 individuals [Healthy (HE) = 56, MDD =19, AD = 33] aged 60 and older of both sexes diagnosis with AD, MDD, and HE without a clinical diagnosis of mental disorders, residents of the city of Rio de Janeiro. DT performance, was measured by mean velocity (m/s), DT cost and the number of evoked words (DTanimals). One-way ANOVA was used to compare groups. In addition, a logistic regression was used to verify the association between the performance in the DT variables and the risk of MD and AD, controlled by age and scholarity. Results There was a significant difference between the HE and AD groups in the DT variables. The worst performance in the DTC and DTanimals variables increased risk of AD, regardless of age and scholarity (DTC, OR = 5.6, 95% CI = 1.4-22.2, p = 0.01 and DTanimals, OR = 3.6, 95% CI = 0.97-14.0, p = 0.05). Conclusion The ability to perform two tasks simultaneously appears to be impaired in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and unaffected by the major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Death Rate Due to COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-541
Author(s):  
Jordi A. Matias-Guiu ◽  
Vanesa Pytel ◽  
Jorge Matías-Guiu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Probability Of Death

We aimed to evaluate the frequency and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We conducted an observational case series. We enrolled 204 patients, 15.2% of whom were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 41.9% of patients with the infection died. Patients with AD were older than patients with FTD (80.36±8.77 versus 72.00±8.35 years old) and had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (55.8% versus 26.3%). COVID-19 occurred in 7.3% of patients living at home, but 72.0% of those living at care homes. Living in care facilities and diagnosis of AD were independently associated with a higher probability of death. We found that living in care homes is the most relevant factor for an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and death, with AD patients exhibiting a higher risk than those with FTD.

scholarly journals Continuous and Cyclic Progesterone Differentially Interact with Estradiol in the Regulation of Alzheimer-Like Pathology in Female 3×Transgenic-Alzheimer’s Disease Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 2713-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna C. Carroll ◽  
Emily R. Rosario ◽  
Angela Villamagna ◽  
Christian J. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Model ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neural Interactions ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Insight Into

Depletion of estrogens and progesterone at menopause has been linked to an increased risk for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in women. A currently controversial literature indicates that although treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone therapy (HT) may reduce the risk of AD, several parameters of HT may limit its potential efficacy and perhaps, even exacerbate AD risk. One such parameter is continuous vs. cyclic delivery of the progestogen component of HT. Recent experimental evidence suggests that continuous progesterone can attenuate neural actions of estradiol (E2). In the present study, we compared the effects of continuous and cyclic progesterone treatment in the presence and absence of E2 in ovariectomized 3×Tg-AD mice, a transgenic mouse model of AD. We found that ovariectomy-induced hormone depletion increases AD-like pathology in female 3×Tg-AD mice, including accumulation of β-amyloid, tau hyperphosphorylation, and impaired hippocampal-dependent behavior. E2 treatment alone prevents the increases in pathology. Continuous progesterone did not affect β-amyloid levels when delivered alone but blocked the Aβ-lowering action of E2. In contrast, cyclic progesterone significantly reduced β-amyloid levels by itself and enhanced rather than inhibited the E2 effects. These results provide new insight into the neural interactions between E2 and progesterone that may prove valuable in optimizing HT regimens in postmenopausal women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document