scholarly journals Growing Together: An Analysis of Measurement Transparency Across 15 Years of Player Motivation Questionnaires

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Hughes ◽  
Paul Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Standard Approach ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Factors

[Preprint Version] There are many questionnaires available to assess player motivation, originating from a diverse range of disciplines. Each discipline differs in their usage and reporting of questionnaires, but there has been no attempt to synthesise their application or create a standard way of using them. No standard approach leads to a lack of transparency in reporting their usage, which affects the ability of the field to build on one another. This has made it unclear whether player motivation research is a unified research community, or a collection of individuals with a similar goal. This work assesses the transparency of questionnaire reporting practices in papers published in the last 15 years of player motivation research (n=238). Overall, there is a lack of transparency in reporting questionnaires, driven by a lack of priority in presenting items alongside text. Many papers use questionnaires that are based on theory or have been used to measure specific factors in the past, but explicit justification is rare. This work concludes with a checklist for authors to use to ensure questionnaire reporting is transparent, so that the field can standardise and allow for more cohesive research synthesis.

scholarly journals Når arkeologi møter lokal kunnskap – etiske implikasjoner

1970 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Elin Rose Myrvoll
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local And Traditional Knowledge

Archaeologists produce and communicate authorized stories concerning cultural heritage and the past. Their legitimacy is based on education, scientific methods and their connection with a research community. Their position as authorized producers of history is also emphasized by TV programmes presenting archaeologists as riddle-solving detectives. The main aim of this article is to focus on the dynamics between stories communicated by archaeologists and the stories pass- ed on and communicated by members of a local community, and to discuss these. What happens when stories based on tradition and lore meet authorized stories? The latter sometimes overwrite or erase local lore and knowledge connected to features in the landscape. Some archaeological projects have, however, involved local participants and locally based knowledge. In addition, one should be aware that local and traditional knowledge are sometimes kept and transmitted within a family, local community or ethnic group. Local knowledge is therefore not always a resource that is accessible for archaeologists.

Nine Centuries of Man

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Scottish History ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

What did it mean to be a man in Scotland over the past nine centuries? Scotland, with its stereotypes of the kilted warrior and the industrial ‘hard man’, has long been characterised in masculine terms, but there has been little historical exploration of masculinity in a wider context. This interdisciplinary collection examines a diverse range of the multiple and changing forms of masculinities from the late eleventh to the late twentieth century, exploring the ways in which Scottish society through the ages defined expectations for men and their behaviour. How men reacted to those expectations is examined through sources such as documentary materials, medieval seals, romances, poetry, begging letters, police reports and court records, charity records, oral histories and personal correspondence. Focusing upon the wide range of activities and roles undertaken by men – work, fatherhood and play, violence and war, sex and commerce – the book also illustrates the range of masculinities that affected or were internalised by men. Together, the chapters illustrate some of the ways Scotland’s gender expectations have changed over the centuries and how, more generally, masculinities have informed the path of Scottish history

Evaluating Qualitative Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeasik Cho
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grant Proposals

This book provides the qualitative research community with some insight on how to evaluate the quality of qualitative research. This topic has gained little attention during the past few decades. We, qualitative researchers, read journal articles, serve on masters’ and doctoral committees, and also make decisions on whether conference proposals, manuscripts, or large-scale grant proposals should be accepted or rejected. It is assumed that various perspectives or criteria, depending on various paradigms, theories, or fields of discipline, have been used in assessing the quality of qualitative research. Nonetheless, until now, no textbook has been specifically devoted to exploring theories, practices, and reflections associated with the evaluation of qualitative research. This book constructs a typology of evaluating qualitative research, examines actual information from websites and qualitative journal editors, and reflects on some challenges that are currently encountered by the qualitative research community. Many different kinds of journals’ review guidelines and available assessment tools are collected and analyzed. Consequently, core criteria that stand out among these evaluation tools are presented. Readers are invited to join the author to confidently proclaim: “Fortunately, there are commonly agreed, bold standards for evaluating the goodness of qualitative research in the academic research community. These standards are a part of what is generally called ‘scientific research.’ ”

scholarly journals Current Strategies for Noble Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giyaullah Habibullah ◽  
Jitka Viktorova ◽  
Tomas Ruml
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Past

AbstractNoble metals have played an integral part in human history for centuries; however, their integration with recent advances in nanotechnology and material sciences have provided new research opportunities in both academia and industry, which has resulted in a new array of advanced applications, including medical ones. Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) have been of great importance in the field of biomedicine over the past few decades due to their importance in personalized healthcare and diagnostics. In particular, platinum, gold and silver nanoparticles have achieved the most dominant spot in the list, thanks to a very diverse range of industrial applications, including biomedical ones such as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, diagnostics, drug carriers and imaging probes. In particular, their superior resistance to extreme conditions of corrosion and oxidation is highly appreciated. Notably, in the past two decades there has been a tremendous advancement in the development of new strategies of more cost-effective and robust NMNP synthesis methods that provide materials with highly tunable physicochemical, optical and thermal properties, and biochemical functionalities. As a result, new advanced hybrid NMNPs with polymer, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots and core–shell systems have been developed with even more enhanced physicochemical characteristics that has led to exceptional diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this review, we aim to summarize current advances in the synthesis of NMNPs (Au, Ag and Pt).

scholarly journals Healthcare Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Analytics: A Review and Proposed Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6553
Author(s):  
Sabrina Azzi ◽  
Stéphane Gagnon ◽  
Alex Ramirez ◽  
Gregory Richards
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Chronic Care ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Application

Healthcare is considered as one of the most promising application areas for artificial intelligence and analytics (AIA) just after the emergence of the latter. AI combined to analytics technologies is increasingly changing medical practice and healthcare in an impressive way using efficient algorithms from various branches of information technology (IT). Indeed, numerous works are published every year in several universities and innovation centers worldwide, but there are concerns about progress in their effective success. There are growing examples of AIA being implemented in healthcare with promising results. This review paper summarizes the past 5 years of healthcare applications of AIA, across different techniques and medical specialties, and discusses the current issues and challenges, related to this revolutionary technology. A total of 24,782 articles were identified. The aim of this paper is to provide the research community with the necessary background to push this field even further and propose a framework that will help integrate diverse AIA technologies around patient needs in various healthcare contexts, especially for chronic care patients, who present the most complex comorbidities and care needs.

Importance of site-specific factors for the immobilization of contaminants using biochar and wood-based activated carbon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampriti Chaudhuri ◽  
Gabriel Sigmund ◽  
Hary von Rautenkranz ◽  
Thorsten Hueffer ◽  
Thilo Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Electrostatic Attraction ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Pore Water Chemistry ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Carbonaceous Sorbents

<p>The use of environmentally friendly low-cost sorbents such as biochar and wood-based activated carbon as soil amendment has shown promising results in immobilizing organic and inorganic contaminants. They can be suitable soil remediation options at sites with residual contamination, where the contaminated hotspot has been removed. The effectiveness of biochar and activated carbon application is site dependent. Specifically, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, and ionic strength in the pore water are important factors which can influence the extent of contaminant immobilization. Although there has been significant progress in developing alternative carbonaceous sorbents, the efficiency of these materials in a diverse range of soil and pore water conditions remains an open question. To address this knowledge gap, the present study investigates the influence of pore water chemistry on sorption of organic and inorganic contaminants to biochar and wood-based activated carbon. Sorption of selected non-polar, polar and ionizable polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and inorganic Cadmium (Cd) to biochar and a wood-based activated carbon was studied under different pore water chemistry conditions. Batch sorption experiments were conducted using an experimental design approach (Box Behnken Design) with three different levels of DOC, pH, and ionic strength, yielding background solutions mimicking a wide spectrum of pore water chemistries. Sorption K<sub>D</sub> values [L/kg] were calculated from aqueous contaminant concentrations after equilibration. Results were analyzed using a response surface methodology (RSM) approach on Minitab 19 and fitted to a model equation using linear, squared and two-way interactions terms.</p><p>Our results show that the ionizable PAC (phenyl phenol) and Cd were most affected by changes in pore water chemistries. For phenyl phenol, the presence of a phenolic group can cause H-bonding and electrostatic attraction and repulsion, while pH-dependent changes in speciation, precipitation and electrostatic attraction can occur for Cd. Sorption of all PACs negatively correlated with DOC, indicating competition of DOC with PACs for sorption sites. Sorption of non-polar (acenaphthene), polar N substituted (carbazole) and ionizable (phenyl phenol) PACs was hindered under acidic conditions, due to precipitation of DOC. For Cd, higher pH and low DOC levels favored sorption. This can be attributed to a lower Cd solubility in the presence of leached phosphate at higher pH, and a predominance of Cd(OH)<sub>2</sub> in the neutral to alkaline regime. Our findings highlight the importance of considering a combination of site- and contaminant-specific factors when planning to apply carbonaceous sorbents for contaminant immobilization, with pH and DOC generally being more important than ionic strength.</p>

Researchers in Ghana identify specific factors that “provide the seedbed for institutionalized bullying” in universities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Management Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Different Dimensions

Purpose The authors decided to study the causes of coercive management behavior (CMB) in universities because this area has been neglected in the past. There has been a lot of research into CMB in profit-oriented organizations, but it has been assumed that universities were unaffected. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted at 10 universities, five from the private sector and five from the state sector out of the 100 accredited Ghanaian universities. The authors sent out 405 questionnaires and 371 were returned. Findings The results showed a strong relationship between specific causes and different dimensions of CMB. The authors said their analysis identified specific factors that “provide the seedbed for institutionalized bullying”. Originality/value The authors said the research provides the basis for designing policies for employees at any organization. A one-size-fits-all approach was not always appropriate, however, and their identification of the role of individual factors could help universities find their own solutions.

Beginnings

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Judith T. Sowder
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Mathematics Education ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forthcoming Book ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Past Half

The beginning of a new year as well as the threshold of a new century and a new millennium seem appropriate times to take stock of where we have been and where we are going as a mathematics education research community. We have accomplished a great deal in the past half century of our existence, and I for one look forward to reading the forthcoming book on the history of mathematics education, edited by Jeremy Kilpatrick and George Stanic. That book will review for us our progress thus far, but what are the challenges we now face? This question will be addressed in various ways at various gatherings in the coming year, and new agendas will result from those discussions.

Evaluating the Landscape of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Mitigation Goals of the Global Food and Beverage Sector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Reavis ◽  
Jenny Ahlen ◽  
Joe Rudek ◽  
Kusum Naithani
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Food Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Food And Beverage Industry ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Global Food

Abstract The dramatic increase of emitted greenhouse gases (GHGs) by humans over the past century and a half has created an urgency for monitoring, reporting, and verifying GHG emissions as a first step towards mitigating the effects of climate change. Fifteen percent of global GHG emissions come from agriculture, and companies in the food and beverage industry are starting to set climate goals. We evaluated the GHG emissions reporting practices and climate goals of the top 100 global food and beverage companies and determined whether or not their goals are aligned with the science of reducing climate warming to less than 2 °C. We found that two thirds of the top 100 (as ranked by Food Engineering) global food and beverage companies are setting some sort of climate goals, but fewer than half included scope 3 emissions in their goals. Only four companies have goals that are aligned with the goal of the 3% Solution: a 4.3% annual emission reduction until 2050. While an increasing number of companies are disclosing and setting targets that include scope 3 emissions, many still do not disclose or report any of their emissions. Our results highlight an urgent need to develop protocols for monitoring, reporting, and verifying GHG emissions and to provide transparent information on climate goals and targets.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lambert ◽  
Björn Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Historical Culture ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Recurrent Patterns

This chapter summarises key findings of the volume: the variety of media employed in the production of the past; the usefulness of historical culture as a concept that enables comparisons across cultures and periods; and the insights it offers into wider intellectual, cultural and political debates within a community or culture. The chapter further suggests three potential avenues for future research: the role of women as producers and agents of historical culture; the nature and operation of cultural transfer in the production of historical culture; and the question whether recurrent patterns in the fashioning of the past can be detected across geographical, cultural and chronological boundaries.

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