Can fossil fuel energy be recovered and used without any CO2 emissions to the atmosphere?

The world’s energy system is still dominated by fossil fuels. While there is a rapid reduction in the cost of renewable energy and the environmental costs of continued carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel recovery and use are well understood, current economic, infrastructure and political constraints sustain the fossil fuel enterprise as a dominant component of the energy system. Though routes to decarbonizing fossil fuel use, such as carbon capture and storage, have been proposed and have been demonstrated at commercial scale, current CCS CO2 storage quantities are very small and no large-scale practical route to providing fossil fuel energy, without the CO2 emissions attendant with fuel production and use has been proposed. Here we look at some of the boundary conditions and possible routes to production of emissions free energy from fossil fuels, and specifically petroleum reservoirs. Focusing on the production of electrical power we look at possible applications of microbially mediated hydrocarbon oxidation, coupled to a range of energy harvesting strategies, to the provision of electrical power at surface at a range of scales suitable for grid power provision, powering upstream oilfield facilities or for powering in situ sensing and exploration systems. We also ask the question, even if practical, would direct production of electrical power from oil and gas fields be a politically and economically sensible strategy as part of the energy transition away from traditional fossil fuel use.

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ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSALITY OF CO2 EMISSIONS, CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL FUELS, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA IN 1990-2019

AFEBI Economic and Finance Review ◽

10.47312/aefr.v4i02.265 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Melati Intan Kurnia ◽

Hadi Sasana ◽

Yustirania Septiani

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Fossil Fuel Consumption

Increasing economic growth will spark against increased energy consumption. But on the other hand, increasing economic growth will also trigger the occurrence of natural damage and degradation of environmental quality derived from CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions are caused by oxidation process of fossil fuel energy. This research aims to know the causality relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, and economic growth in Indonesia, as well as long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, to economic growth in Indonesia in 1990 – 2019. The used data is the secondary data that is in the form of data time series. The dependent variables of this study are economic growth, while independent variables are CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption. The method that is used in this study is Vector Error Correction Model. The results showed that there was a one-way causality between economic growth and fossil fuel consumption, and between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions. The research also shows that on long-term CO2 emissions has a negative influence, while the consumption of fossil fuels and electricity has a positive effect on Indonesia's economic growth in 1990-2019.Keywords: CO2, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth.

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Can fossil fuel energy be recovered and used without any CO2 emissions to the atmosphere?

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology ◽

10.1007/s11157-020-09527-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 217-240

Author(s):

Breda Novotnik ◽

Arpita Nandy ◽

Senthil Velan Venkatesan ◽

Jagoš R. Radović ◽

Juan De la Fuente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Fossil Fuel Energy

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An assessment of fossil fuel energy use and CO2 emissions from farm field operations using a regional level crop and land use database for Canada

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2010.02.013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 2261-2269 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J.A. Dyer ◽

S.N. Kulshreshtha ◽

B.G. McConkey ◽

R.L. Desjardins

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Energy Use ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Regional Level ◽

Fossil Fuel Energy

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State-By-State Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Fossil Fuel Use in the United States 1960–2000

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change ◽

10.1007/s11027-005-6471-9 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 659-674 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. J. Blasing ◽

Christine Broniak ◽

Gregg Marland

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

The United States ◽

Fuel Use

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Pulp and Paper Mill Steady State Analysis for Carbon Neutral Integration of a Small Modular Reactor

ASME 2020 Power Conference ◽

10.1115/power2020-16247 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth K. Worsham ◽

Stephen D. Terry

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

State Model ◽

Manufacturing Processes ◽

Fuel Use ◽

Steady State Analysis ◽

Lime Kilns ◽

Steady State Model

Abstract Small modular reactors (SMRs) are small-scale reactor designs (< 300 MWe), generally planned for deployment as multi-module nuclear power plants. Due to their small size, SMR modules could be manufactured in a factory and deployed to a site via truck or rail for installation and fueling. SMRs are being evaluated for their ability to provide both power and steam, such that they could be a viable replacement for fossil fuels. SMRs have been considered for coupling to manufacturing processes in addition to being connected to the grid, allowing them to follow the net grid demand in a “load following” operational mode during times of high renewable generation. Alternately, SMRs could be used to replace cogeneration and combined-cycle processes at manufacturing plants which utilize natural gas and other fossil fuels. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is studying the use of SMRs for large-scale manufacturing processes that require both electricity and steam. The current study examines the integration of a SMR with two mid-size pulp and paper mills in the southeastern United States. The study consists of three parts: steady-state analysis of the mill, elimination of fossil fuel use in the lime kilns, and economic analysis of the modified plant operations. A steady-state model of each mill is developed in Aspen HYSIS based on real data from the operation of each mill. The steady-state model is then modified to include the SMR while maintaining production steam quality and making as few changes to existing equipment as possible. This model gives an estimate of the minimum requirements for SMR output, as well as the change in generation by existing boilers and turbines. With an overall picture of the new plant operation and determining the number of SMR modules required, further changes are suggested to minimize or completely eliminate fossil fuel use from the plant. Apart from steam generation, the largest consumer of fossil fuels at the plant is typically the lime kilns. Conversion of the lime kilns from fossil fuel combustion to electric heating is the most feasible solution to eliminate fossil fuels. This study finds that electric lime kilns are economical when the plant has a surplus This study presents a feasible example of using an SMR as a substitute for fossil fuel cogeneration. If this approach were expanded across the manufacturing industry, it would have a significant impact on environmental emissions and air quality.

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Reduction of CO2 Emissions Due to Energy Use in Crete-Greece

Energy and Environment Research ◽

10.5539/eer.v6n1p23 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John Vourdoubas

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Energy Use ◽

Heating Oil ◽

Per Capita ◽

Reduction Of Co2 ◽

Negative Growth

Use of fossil fuels in modern societies results in CO2 emissions which, together with other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, increase environmental degradation and climate changes. Carbon dioxide emissions in a society are strongly related with energy consumption and economic growth, being influenced also from energy intensity, population growth, crude oil and CO2 prices as well as the composition of energy mix and the percentage of renewable energies in it.The last years in Greece, the severe economic crisis has affected all sectors of the economy, has reduced the available income of the citizens and has changed the consumers’ behavior including the consumption of energy in all the activities. Analysis of the available data in the region of Crete over the period 2007-2013 has shown a significant decrease of energy consumption and CO2 emissions due to energy use by 25.90% compared with the reduction of national G.D.P. per capita over the same period by 25.45% indicating the coupling of those emissions with the negative growth of the economy. Carbon dioxide emissions per capita in Crete in 2013 are estimated at 4.96 tons. Main contributors of those emissions in the same year were electricity generation from fuel and heating oil by 64.85%, heating sector by 3.23% and transportation by 31.92%.

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The importance of CO2 capture and storage: A geopolitical discussion

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci120608135j ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 655-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Filip Johnsson ◽

Jan Kjärstad ◽

Mikael Odenberger

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Co2 Capture ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Developing Economies ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Security Of Supply ◽

Co2 Capture And Storage ◽

And Storage

The CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology is since more than ten years considered one of the key options for the future climate change mitigation. This paper discusses the implications for the further development of CCS, particularly with respect to climate change policy in an international geopolitics context. The rationale for developing CCS should be the over-abundance of fossil fuel reserves (and resources) in a climate change context. From a geopolitical point, it can be argued that the most important outcome from the successful commercialisation of CCS will be that fossil fuel-dependent economies with large fossil fuel resources will find it easier to comply with stringent greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets (i.e. to attach a price to CO2 emissions). This should be of great importance since, from a geopolitical view, the curbing on GHG emissions cannot be isolated from security of supply and economic competition between regions. Thus, successful application of CCS may moderate geopolitical risks related to regional differences in the possibilities and thereby willingness to comply with large emission cuts. In Europe, application of CCS will enhance security of supply by fuel diversification from continued use of coal, especially domestic lignite. Introduction of CCS will also make possible negative emissions when using biomass as a fuel, i.e. in so called Biomass Energy CCS (BECCS). Yet, the development of BECCS relies on the successful development of fossil fuelled CCS since BECCS in itself is unlikely to be sufficient for establishing a cost efficient CCS infrastructure for transport and storage and because BECCS does not solve the problem with the abundant resources of fossil fuels. Results from research and development of capture, transport and storage of CO2 indicate that the barriers for commercialization of CCS should not be technical. Instead, the main barriers for implementation of CCS seem to be how to reach public acceptance, to reduce cost and to establish a high enough price on CO2 emissions. Failure to implement CCS will require that the global community, including Europe, agrees to almost immediately to start phasing out the use of fossil fuels, an agreement which seems rather unlikely, especially considering the abundant coal reserves in developing economies such as China and India.

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Integration of Seawater Pumped-Storage in the Energy System of the Island of São Miguel (Azores)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10103438 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 3438 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christos Ioakimidis ◽

Konstantinos Genikomsakis

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Energy System ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Azores Archipelago ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Pumped Storage

This paper considers the case of São Miguel in the Azores archipelago as a typical example of an isolated island with high renewable energy potential, but low baseload levels, lack of energy storage facilities, and dependence on fossil fuels that incurs high import costs. Using the Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES), a number of scenarios are examined in order to analyze and assess the potential benefits from the implementation of a seawater pumped-storage (SPS) system, in the absence or presence of electric drive vehicles (EDVs) under a grid-to-vehicle (G2V) approach. The results obtained show that the proposed solution increases the penetration of renewable energy in the system, thus reducing the dependence on fossil fuel imports and allowing, at the same time, for the deployment of EDVs as a promising environmentally friendly alternative to conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines.

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Analysis of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts in European Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12060964 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 964 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Florinda Martins ◽

Carlos Felgueiras ◽

Miroslava Smitkova ◽

Nídia Caetano

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Global Warming ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Public Awareness ◽

European Countries ◽

Fossil Fuel Energy ◽

Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption

The use of fossil fuels as the main source of energy for most countries has caused several negative environmental impacts, such as global warming and air pollution. Air pollution causes many health problems, causing social and economic negative effects. Worldwide efforts are being made to avoid global warming consequences through the establishment of international agreements that then lead to local policies adapted to the development of each signing nation. In addition, there is a depletion of nonrenewable resources which may be scarce or nonexistent in future generations. The preservation of resources, which is a common goal of the Circular Economy strategy and of sustainable development, is not being accomplished nowadays. In this work, the calculation of indicators and mathematical and statistical analysis were applied to clarify and evidence the trends, provide information for the decision-making process, and increase public awareness. The fact that European countries do not possess abundant reserves of fossil fuels will not change, but the results of this analysis can evolve in the future. In this work, fossil fuel energy consumption, fossil fuel depletion, and their relationship with other variables, such as energy dependence and share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption, were analyzed for 29 European countries. Furthermore, it was possible to conclude that many European countries still depend heavily on fossil fuels. Significant differences were not found in what concerns gross inland consumption per capita when the Kruskal–Wallis test was applied. It was possible to estimate that by 2050 (considering Jazz scenario) it will only remain approximately 14% of oil proven reserves, 72% of coal proven reserves and 18% of gas proven reserves. Given the small reserves of European countries on fossil fuels, if they need to use them, they will fast disappear.

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