scholarly journals Building a community to engineer synthetic cells and organelles from the bottom-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Staufer ◽  
Jacqueline A. De Lora ◽  
Eleonora Bailoni ◽  
Alisina Bazrafshan ◽  
Amelie S. Benk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Cellular Life ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Synthetic Cells ◽  
And Function ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Communication Resource

Empowered by emerging concepts from physics, chemistry, and bioengineering, learning-by-building approaches have found increasing application in the life sciences. Particularly, they are directed to tackle the overarching goal of engineering cellular life from scratch. The SynCell2020/21 conference brought together a diverse group of researchers to share progress and chart the course of this field. Participants identified key steps to design, manipulate, and create cell-like entities, especially those with hierarchical organization and function. This article highlights achievements in the field, including areas where synthetic cells are having socioeconomic and technological impact. Guided by input from early-career researchers, we identify challenges and opportunities for basic science and technological applications of synthetic cells. A key conclusion is the need to build an integrated research community through enhanced communication, resource-sharing, and educational initiatives. Development of an international and interdisciplinary community will enable transformative outcomes and attract the brightest minds to contribute to the field.

scholarly journals Science Forum: Building a community to engineer synthetic cells and organelles from the bottom-up

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Staufer ◽  
Jacqueline A De Lora ◽  
Eleonora Bailoni ◽  
Alisina Bazrafshan ◽  
Amelie S Benk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Cellular Life ◽  
Synthetic Cells ◽  
Technological Impact ◽  
And Function ◽  
Communication Resource

Employing concepts from physics, chemistry and bioengineering, 'learning-by-building' approaches are becoming increasingly popular in the life sciences, especially with researchers who are attempting to engineer cellular life from scratch. The SynCell2020/21 conference brought together researchers from different disciplines to highlight progress in this field, including areas where synthetic cells are having socioeconomic and technological impact. Conference participants also identified the challenges involved in designing, manipulating and creating synthetic cells with hierarchical organization and function. A key conclusion is the need to build an international and interdisciplinary research community through enhanced communication, resource-sharing, and educational initiatives.

The ENIGMA Brain Injury Working Group: Approach, Challenges, and Potential Benefits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. Wilde ◽  
Emily L. Dennis ◽  
David F Tate
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Function ◽  
Neuroimaging Genetics

The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium brings together researchers from around the world to try to identify the genetic underpinnings of brain structure and function, along with robust, generalizable effects of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The recently-formed ENIGMA Brain Injury working group includes 8 subgroups, based largely on injury mechanism and patient population. This introduction to the special issue summarizes the history, organization, and objectives of ENIGMA Brain Injury, and includes a discussion of strategies, challenges, opportunities and goals common across 6 of the subgroups under the umbrella of ENIGMA Brain Injury. The following articles in this special issue, including 6 articles from different subgroups, will detail the challenges and opportunities specific to each subgroup.

First person – Fanny Jaudon and Martina Albini

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (16) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Early Career ◽  
First Person ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
And Function ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Fanny Jaudon and Martina Albini are co-first authors on ‘ A developmental stage- and Kidins220-dependent switch in astrocyte responsiveness to brain-derived neurotrophic factor’, published in JCS. Fanny is a postdoc at the University of Trieste in the lab of Lorenzo A. Cingolani at Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy, investigating the molecular mechanisms controlling development and function of neuronal circuits and implementing genome-editing approaches for the treatment of neurological disorders. Martina is a PhD student at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia in the lab of Fabio Benfenati and Fabrizia Cesca investigating neurotrophin biology and its involvement in neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Brief Communication: Future avenues for permafrost science from the perspective of early career researchers

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1715-1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fritz ◽  
B. N. Deshpande ◽  
F. Bouchard ◽  
E. Högström ◽  
J. Malenfant-Lepage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Landscape Dynamics ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Environmental Interests

Abstract. Accelerating climate change and increased economic and environmental interests in permafrost-affected regions have resulted in an acute need for more directed permafrost research. In June 2014, 88 early career researchers convened to identify future priorities for permafrost research. This multidisciplinary forum concluded that five research topics deserve greatest attention: permafrost landscape dynamics, permafrost thermal modeling, integration of traditional knowledge, spatial distribution of ground ice, and engineering issues. These topics underline the need for integrated research across a spectrum of permafrost-related domains and constitute a contribution to the Third International Conference on Arctic Research Planning (ICARP III).

Share resources through the largest interlibrary loan network

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Gemma Burke ◽  
Erin Duncan ◽  
JL Smither
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Interlibrary Loan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Purpose The paper aims to show how using a resource-sharing service can help you provide more resources to your users. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses interlibrary loan challenges and opportunities, specifically with reference to WorldShare Interlibrary Loan. Findings This paper describes the service that connects libraries to the largest cooperative resource-sharing network with more than 10,000 borrowing and lending libraries worldwide, the possibilities for the future, facts and figures and how libraries around the world have used the solution successfully. Originality/value This paper looks at how WorldShare Interlibrary Loan can help libraries overcome the challenges that they face regarding resource sharing.

scholarly journals Weighing trees with lasers: advances, challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170048 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Disney ◽  
M. Boni Vicari ◽  
A. Burt ◽  
K. Calders ◽  
S. L. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Tree Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Function ◽  
Non Destructive

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is providing exciting new ways to quantify tree and forest structure, particularly above-ground biomass (AGB). We show how TLS can address some of the key uncertainties and limitations of current approaches to estimating AGB based on empirical allometric scaling equations (ASEs) that underpin all large-scale estimates of AGB. TLS provides extremely detailed non-destructive measurements of tree form independent of tree size and shape. We show examples of three-dimensional (3D) TLS measurements from various tropical and temperate forests and describe how the resulting TLS point clouds can be used to produce quantitative 3D models of branch and trunk size, shape and distribution. These models can drastically improve estimates of AGB, provide new, improved large-scale ASEs, and deliver insights into a range of fundamental tree properties related to structure. Large quantities of detailed measurements of individual 3D tree structure also have the potential to open new and exciting avenues of research in areas where difficulties of measurement have until now prevented statistical approaches to detecting and understanding underlying patterns of scaling, form and function. We discuss these opportunities and some of the challenges that remain to be overcome to enable wider adoption of TLS methods.

Economics of Resource Sharing via Library Consortia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2035-2047
Author(s):  
Arnold Mwanzu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Library Consortia ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Resources Sharing

The chapter seeks to discuss the role played by library consortia in resource sharing among libraries, media organizations, and archives. It will outline the existing models that are functioning effectively especially in the developing countries and discuss the best practices. The target audience being libraries, archives, and media. While unravelling the economics of resources sharing among the information players, the chapter will address the challenges and opportunities in supporting research, teaching, and learning. The value of the book chapter is that it will give an insight into the development of library consortia and their significance as opportunities to provide equal access to research in libraries, archives, and media. The chapter will also provide a comprehensive comparison between library consortia in developing countries and developed countries highlighting how resource sharing in developing countries has helped to bridge the gap of information access, thereby showing progressive development.

scholarly journals The Revolution within a Revolution: Personal Experiences of a Young Interventional Radiologist

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 029-031
Author(s):  
Sonali Mehandru
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Interventional Radiologist ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

AbstractInterventional radiology (IR) has undergone a paradigm shift, and has become more clinically directed. This is particularly true with the new training programs, which are all required to have outpatient clinics, admitting services, and consult services within their hospitals. Despite these changes in education, however, many jobs still require a significant amount of diagnostic imaging work, and many established groups are reticent to allow the time and resources needed to pursue this clinical model of IR practice. This lack of support can lead to frustration for the early career interventional radiologist. This article describes the experience of one early career interventional radiologist, including some of the challenges and opportunities that have arisen from the recent changes in training.

scholarly journals HB-EGF regulates Prss56 expression during mouse decidualization via EGFR/ERK/EGR2 signaling pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Yue-Fang Liu ◽  
Hai-Ting Dou ◽  
Jia-Qi Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Implantation Site ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
Delayed Implantation ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
And Function ◽  
Key Steps

Embryo implantation and decidualization are key steps for successful reproduction. Although numerous factors have been identified to be involved in embryo implantation and decidualization, the mechanisms underlying these processes are still unclear. Based on our preliminary data, Prss56, a trypsin-like serine protease, is strongly expressed at implantation site in mouse uterus. However, the expression, regulation and function of Prss56 during early pregnancy are still unknown. In mouse uterus, Prss56 is strongly expressed in the subluminal stromal cells at implantation site on day 5 of pregnancy compared to inter-implantation site. Under delayed implantation, Prss56 expression is undetected. After delayed implantation is activated by estrogen, Prss56 is obviously induced at implantation site. Under artificial decidualization, Prss56 signal is seen at the primary decidual zone at the initial stage of artificial decidualization. When stromal cells are induced for in vitro decidualization, Prss56 expression is significantly elevated. Dtprp expression under in vitro decidualization is suppressed by Prss56 siRNA. In cultured stromal cells, HB-EGF markedly stimulates Prss56 expression through EGFR/ERK pathway. Based on promoter analysis, we also showed that Egr2 is involved in Prss56 regulation by HB-EGF. Collectively, Prss56 expression at implantation site is modulated by HB-EGF/EGFR/ERK signaling pathway and involved in mouse decidualization.

Strategies for Therapeutic Interchange of Biotechnology Medicines: Proceedings of an Invitational Conference

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Bergstrom ◽  
Michael Ellis ◽  
Marilyn Keenan-Milligan ◽  
John W. Mucenski ◽  
Donald H. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Program Success ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Therapeutic Interchange ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Biotechnology Products ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

An invitational conference was held to plan a therapeutic interchange program for biotechnology products. The expanding use of biotechnology products has created new challenges and opportunities for organizations who want to implement these programs — with the dual goal of cutting costs and improving quality of care. Successful therapeutic interchange programs can use a variety of strategies, from gentle persuasion based on clinical effectiveness and cost savings to mandatory compliance and automatic substitution. After outlining risk-management considerations and motivations, as well as the barriers to the therapeutic interchange of biotechnology products, the participants identified the following key steps: (1) list biotechnology products that are potential candidates for therapeutic interchange; (2) establish an overall plan for therapeutic interchange programs; (3) select the specific biotechnology products that will be considered for therapeutic interchange; (4) devise a strategy for therapeutic interchange of the selected products; (5) implement the plan; and (6) track program success. The strategy must include a process for ongoing monitoring of clinical and economic outcomes to ensure that the program is meeting its objectives and provide feedback to program participants.

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