scholarly journals A Three-Layer Visual Hash Function Using Adler-32

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Hash Function ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Picture Content

The visual integrity needs to be implemented in sending a picture. There is various image received have no originality. The small change of the pixels does not make the picture content detected by the eye. The integrity validation is very important to be applied. The picture captured by a camera has two dimensions. It is described in pixels such as Width and Length. This study is to validate all the pixels data or the color intensity of both dimensions. If there are a modification in the pixel, this method will give the wrong hash data. The validator will analyze the pixels in every layer such as red, green and blue to ensure the data transmitted is correct. Once there is a slight change in the pixels, the calculation gives the wrong value. It is very useful to compare the image before and after transmission.

scholarly journals A prospective study to establish the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals with stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110251
Author(s):  
Marla K Beauchamp ◽  
Rudy Niebuhr ◽  
Patricia Roche ◽  
Renata Kirkwood ◽  
Kathryn M Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Minimal Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Detectable Change ◽  
Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Change ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: To determine the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals’ post-stroke. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Outpatient stroke rehabilitation. Subjects: Fifty outpatients with stroke with a mean (SD) age of 60.8 (9.4). Intervention: Outpatients with stroke were assessed with the Mini-BESTest before and after a course of conventional rehabilitation. Rehabilitation sessions occurred one to two times/week for one hour and treatment duration was 1.3–42 weeks (mean (SD) = 17.4(10.6)). Main measures: We used a combination of anchor- and distribution-based approaches including a global rating of change in balance scale completed by physiotherapists and patients, the minimal detectable change with 95% confidence, and the optimal cut-point from receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The average (SD) Mini-BESTest score at admission was 18.2 (6.5) and 22.4 (5.2) at discharge (effect size: 0.7) ( P = 0.001). Mean change scores on the Mini-BESTest for patient and physiotherapist ratings of small change were 4.2 and 4.3 points, and 4.7 and 5.3 points for substantial change, respectively. The minimal detectable change with 95% confidence for the Mini-BESTest was 3.2 points. The minimally clinical importance difference was determined to be 4 points for detecting small changes and 5 points for detecting substantial changes. Conclusions: A change of 4–5 points on the Mini-BEST is required to be perceptible to clinicians and patients, and beyond measurement error. These values can be used to interpret changes in balance in stroke rehabilitation research and practice.

scholarly journals TiO2 BEADS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF HUMIC ACID IN PEAT WATER

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winarti Andayani ◽  
Agustin N M Bagyo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Before And After

Degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution containing TiO2 coated on ceramics beads under irradiation of 254 nm UV light has been conducted in batch reactor. The aim of this experiment was to study photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in peat water. The irradiation of the humic acid in aqueous solution was conducted in various conditions i.e solely uv, in the presence of TiO2-slurry and TiO2 beads. The color intensity, humic acid residue, conductivity and COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the solution were analyzed before and after irradiation.  The compounds produced during photodegradation were identified using HPLC. The results showed that after photocatalytic degradation, the color intensity and the COD value of the solution decreased, while the conductivity of water increased indicating mineralization of the peat water occurred. In addition, oxalic acid as the product of degradation was observed.

Looking forward: anticipation enhances service experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Polegato ◽  
Rune Bjerke
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Extrinsic Cues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Purpose This paper aims to explore the nature and relationships among the dimensions that constitute expectations, anticipation and post-experience assessment of cultural events, before and after an aesthetic experience, namely, a live Norwegian opera or ballet performance. Design/methodology/approach A triangulation approach is used to combine qualitative and quantitative analyses. Quantitative data collection was conducted at the site before and after a performance experience. Findings Expectations, anticipation and post-experience assessment are found to be multi-dimensional. Expectations and anticipation are identified as distinct constructs. Three dimensions of expectations of quality are extrinsic cues: building and functional attributes, available services and level of employee service. In addition, two dimensions of pre-experience anticipation are identified: anticipation of information gathering activities and anticipation of the event. Post-experience assessment has two dimensions: satisfaction and pride in the building. Two post-experience associations are enthusiasm and inclusiveness. Anticipation of the event and enthusiasm, not expectations, are found to be predictors of satisfaction. Research limitations/implications An understanding of the role of anticipation in consumer engagement and satisfaction with aesthetic experiences could be broadened and enriched by studies that include other service or arts disciplines and within a more complex model of consumer engagement. Originality/value Anticipation is a significant pre-experience phenomenon. Enthusiasm is identified as a post-experience association.

scholarly journals Simulating pulsar glitches: an N-body solver for superfluid vortex motion in two dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 498 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
G Howitt ◽  
A Melatos ◽  
B Haskell
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Times ◽  
Vortex Motion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Pitaevskii Equation ◽  
Lognormal Distributions ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Stress Release Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Release Model ◽  
Stress Accumulation

ABSTRACT A rotating superfluid forms an array of quantized vortex lines that determine its angular velocity. The spasmodic evolution of the array under the influence of deceleration, dissipation, and pinning forces is thought to be responsible for the phenomenon of pulsar glitches, sudden jumps in the spin frequency of rotating neutron stars. We describe and implement an N-body method for simulating the motion of up to 5000 vortices in two dimensions and present the results of numerical experiments validating the method, including stability of a vortex ring and dissipative formation of an Abrikosov array. Vortex avalanches occur routinely in the simulations, when chains of unpinning events are triggered collectively by vortex–vortex repulsion, consistent with previous, smaller scale studies using the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. The probability density functions of the avalanche sizes and waiting times are consistent with both exponential and lognormal distributions. We find weak correlations between glitch sizes and waiting times, consistent with astronomical data and meta-models of pulsar glitch activity as a state-dependent Poisson process or a Brownian stress-accumulation process, and inconsistent with a threshold-triggered stress-release model with a single, global stress reservoir. The spatial distribution of the effective stress within the simulation volume is analysed before and after a glitch.

scholarly journals Acute effects of anterior thigh foam rolling on hip angle, knee angle, and rectus femoris length in the modified Thomas test

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Vigotsky ◽  
Gregory J. Lehman ◽  
Bret Contreras ◽  
Chris Beardsley ◽  
Bryan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Foam Rolling ◽  
Anterior Thigh ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Hip Extension

Background.Foam rolling has been shown to acutely increase range of motion (ROM) during knee flexion and hip flexion with the experimenter applying an external force, yet no study to date has measured hip extensibility as a result of foam rolling with controlled knee flexion and hip extension moments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of foam rolling on hip extension, knee flexion, and rectus femoris length during the modified Thomas test.Methods.Twenty-three healthy participants (male = 7; female = 16; age = 22 ± 3.3 years; height = 170 ± 9.18 cm; mass = 67.7 ± 14.9 kg) performed two, one-minute bouts of foam rolling applied to the anterior thigh. Hip extension and knee flexion were measured via motion capture before and after the foam rolling intervention, from which rectus femoris length was calculated.Results.Although the increase in hip extension (change = +1.86° (+0.11, +3.61); z(22) = 2.08;p= 0.0372; Pearson’sr= 0.43 (0.02, 0.72)) was not due to chance alone, it cannot be said that the observed changes in knee flexion (change = −1.39° (−5.53, +2.75); t(22) = −0.70;p= 0.4933; Cohen’sd= − 0.15 (−0.58, 0.29)) or rectus femoris length (change = −0.005 (−0.013, +0.003); t(22) = −1.30;p= 0.2070; Cohen’sd= − 0.27 (−0.70, 0.16)) were not due to chance alone.Conclusions.Although a small change in hip extension was observed, no changes in knee flexion or rectus femoris length were observed. From these data, it appears unlikely that foam rolling applied to the anterior thigh will improve passive hip extension and knee flexion ROM, especially if performed in combination with a dynamic stretching protocol.

ANALYSIS OF MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR OF ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) UNDER CHEMICAL STRESS USING HIDDEN MARKOV MODEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350014 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAN LI ◽  
JANG-MYUNG LEE ◽  
TAE-SOO CHON ◽  
YUEDAN LIU ◽  
HUNGSOO KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Parameter Extraction ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Permutation Entropy ◽  
Chemical Stress ◽  
Before And After

Based on computer vision techniques, the movement tracks of an indicator species (zebrafish) were continuously observed in two dimensions before and after the treatments with a toxic chemical (formaldehyde, 2.5 ppm). Behavioral patterns based on the shape of movement segments were regarded as states, while linear and angular speeds measured from the movement segments were used as observed events for training with a hidden Markov model (HMM). The state sequences were estimated by HMM based on transition and emission probability matrices, and observed events. The movement tracks were further reconstructed based on behavior state sequences generated by HMM. Subsequently, permutation entropy and fractal dimension were calculated to monitor behavioral changes before and after the treatments. Both parameters based on the real and reconstructed data significantly decreased after the treatments, and individual variability was minimized with the parameters obtained from the reconstructed tracks. The parameter extraction based on optimal state sequence by HMM was suitable for resolving the problem of variability in behavioral data, and would be an effective means of monitoring chemical stress in the environment.

scholarly journals Społeczna percepcja wyborów 2019 roku

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (55) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Ewa Maria Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Goal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Perception Of Politics

The subject of the article is an analysis of the social perception of the 2019 parliamentary elections. This analysis was performed on two dimensions: individual perception of politics and collective, illustrated in social research before and after the elections. The scientific goal of the article is an attempt to build the structure of the process of perceiving elections. The theoretical reference are the concepts of shaping images of political phenomena and events.

scholarly journals Affective Ratings of Pictures Related to Interpersonal Situations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wivine Blekić ◽  
Kendra Kandana Arachchige ◽  
Erika Wauthia ◽  
Isabelle Simoes Loureiro ◽  
Laurent Lefebvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Picture Content ◽  
Interpersonal Situations

Many studies require standardized and replicable protocols composed of emotional stimuli. To this aim, several databases of emotional pictures are available. However, there are only few images directly depicting interpersonal violence, which is a specific emotion evocative stimulus for research on aggressive behavior or post-traumatic stress disorder. The objective of the current study is to provide a new set of standardized stimuli containing images depicting interpersonal situations (both positive and negative). This will allow a sensitive assessment of a wide range of cognitions linked to social interaction (empathy, perspective taking, traumatic experiences, etc.). To this aim, 240 participants rated the valence and arousal of 79 pictures collected from online sources in 2018. Results showed (1) a distinctive pattern of valence and arousal regarding the picture content and (2) specific associations between those two dimensions. Taken together, these results suggest a good reliability of the selected images. In conclusion, our study provides an open access set of recent pictures depicting interpersonal situations along with normative valence and arousal ratings, that are available for download from: https://osf.io/ak4m7/?view_only=None.

scholarly journals With a Little Help From Change Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Mlekus ◽  
Anna-Lena Kato-Beiderwieden ◽  
Katharina D. Schlicher ◽  
Günter W. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Readiness For Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Cooperative Project ◽  
Behavioral Resistance ◽  
Reactions To Change ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract. Change-management activities require extensive interventions, for which small and medium-sized companies often lack the expertise. Thus, we examined whether a short-term intervention could be an innovative approach that affects employees’ attitudes and behavior. In the cooperative project IviPep, a company developed digital tools for its own internal development process. Our intervention was part of the corresponding training and consisted of a 5-minute presentation about prototypical reactions to change and a 45-minute workshop. Employees could voice their concerns, reflect on advantages, and work on potential solutions to address their concerns. Results of a survey before and after the training ( N = 22) showed that the short-term intervention significantly increased readiness for change ( d = 0.72) but did not significantly increase overall attitude toward change ( d = 0.16) or behavioral resistance to change ( d = -0.37), although the effects pointed in the intended direction. Our results indicate that even small change efforts can make a difference.

Hilbert maps: Scalable continuous occupancy mapping with stochastic gradient descent

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (14) ◽  
pp. 1717-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ramos ◽  
Lionel Ott
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Stochastic Gradient ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stochastic Gradient Descent ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Benchmark Datasets

The vast amount of data robots can capture today motivates the development of fast and scalable statistical tools to model the space the robot operates in. We devise a new technique for environment representation through continuous occupancy mapping that improves on the popular occupancy grip maps in two fundamental aspects: (1) it does not assume an a priori discrimination of the world into grid cells and therefore can provide maps at an arbitrary resolution; (2) it captures spatial relationships between measurements naturally, thus being more robust to outliers and possessing better generalization performance. The technique, named Hilbert maps, is based on the computation of fast kernel approximations that project the data in a Hilbert space where a logistic regression classifier is learnt. We show that this approach allows for efficient stochastic gradient optimization where each measurement is only processed once during learning in an online manner. We present results with three types of approximations: random Fourier; Nyström; and a novel sparse projection. We also extend the approach to accept probability distributions as inputs, for example, due to uncertainty over the position of laser scans due to sensor or localization errors. In this extended version, experiments were conducted in two dimensions and three dimensions, using popular benchmark datasets. Furthermore, an analysis of the adaptive capabilities of the technique to handle large changes in the data, such as trajectory update before and after loop closure during simultaneous localization and mapping, is also included.

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