scholarly journals PERSAMAAN PERCEPATAN TANAH MAKSIMUM GEMPA TEKTONIK UNTUK KAWASAN SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmam Akmam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Local Magnitude ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Earthquake Energy ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Fundamental Research

Characteristic of earthquake in a region can be studied through its physical characteristics, such as magnitude and earthquakes energy. Energy which is produced by earthquake can be predicted from magnitude. So far, a lot of research produces different equation to predict of earthquake energy that is depending on zone of earthquake occurred. The purpose of descriptive fundamental research was to find equation for ground acceleration which is presented by local magnitude earthquake for West Sumatra region. Data sounder for research were collected from BMG Padang Panjang which was recorded from 1982 to 2008. Data are analyzed by using least square inversion method. Equation ground acceleration is log αac = 0.451Io +0.146 ML + 0.744 log ∆ - 2.644, which local magnitude is ML = 0.413I0 – 0.785 Log H + 5.334 and intensity of the earthquake in the epicenter is Io = I + 3 log (Δ/H) + 0.01 (ΔH).

scholarly journals Optimize of Least-Square Inverse Constrain Method of Geoelectrical Resistivity Wenner-Schlumberger for Investigation Rock Structures in Malalak Districts of Agam West Sumatra

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmam Akmam ◽  
Harman Amir; ◽  
Amali Putra
Keyword(s):  
Least Square ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Slide Surface ◽  
Rock Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Geoelectric Resistivity ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity ◽  
The City

Numerous studies have been conducted on an inversion method, focus on constraining factor,singuler value, speed of convergence. However, the result of inversion is not unique and bivalent. In this research, we optimize of Least-Square constrain by using damping factor. Th is method used for interpretation of the volumes and rock structure in Malalak Distric of Agam West Sumatra. This is undertaken because Malalak districts of Agam West Sumatra that passed by highway Padang and Bukittingi is a frequent area of landslide. Furthermore, the frequency of the landslide depends on the type of rock and the angle of the slope . The depth of the slide surface can be predicted by using the least squares inversion constrain method of Geoelectric Resistivity. Landslides resulted in disruption of transportation between the city of Padang and another district in Sumatra. Based on the above, to determine the rock's structure, the depth and tilt angle of the slide surface in Malalak districts Agam West Sumatra has to take place. Data obtained through Geoelectrical exploration using with automatic resistivitymeter equipment. Constrains were obtained using the Marquat inversion method. The result of the research is first, the damping factor for structures which have wide range resistivity is 0.02 and the smallest damping factor is 0.015. Second, the rock structure in Malalak of Agam consists of clay, sandstone, andesite, and limestone and dolomite. Implementation this research can be used to develop mitigation of landslide deserter.

Identifikasi Bidang Gelincir Menggunakan Metoda Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis Daerah Rawan Longsor Di Kota Padang Dan Kabupaten Agam Sumatera Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmam Akmam ◽  
Harman Amir ◽  
Amali Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Topographic Slope ◽  
True Resistivity ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Landslide Mitigation

Sumatera Barat memiliki topografi bergelombang dan curam. Sumatera Barat disamping memiliki kemiringan topografi lebih dari 30 derajat, juga memiliki curah hujan yang tinggi. Kondisi tersebut menjadikan kawasan ini memiliki potensi resiko longsor yang cukup tinggi. Masalah ini perlu ditanggulangi dengan melakukan penelitian tentang bagaimana karakteristik permukaan bidang gelincir sebagai studi pendahuluan mitigasi longsor di Sumatera Barat. Informasi tentang karakteristik bidang lincir di daerah rawan longsor di Sumatera Barat belum banyak tersedia. Dengan alasan di atas, dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedalaman dan kemiringan bidang gelincir di Kota Padang dan Kabupaten Agam Sumatera Barat. Penelitian eksploratif ini menggunakan metode resistivitas dengan peralatan Ares (produksi Cheko). Data resistivitas semu diinterpretasikan menggunakan metode inversi Least-Square yang telah dioptimalkan untuk mendapatkan penampang 2D resistivitas sesungguhnya. Ketebalan dan kemiringan permukaan bidang gelincir daerah target dihitung berdasarkan penampang 2D resistivitas sesungguhnya dengan bantuan data topografi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kedalaman dan sudut permukaan bidang gelincir di Kabupaten Agam Sumatera Barat masing-masing adalah 410 dan 16,5 meter. Rata-rata kedalaman dan sudut kemiringan permukaan bidang lincir di Padang masing-masing 380 dan 12,5 meter. Batuan yang berperan sebagai permukaan bidang gelincir adalah Clay.   West Sumatra has wavy and steep topography. Beside, West Sumatra has topographic slope more than 30, it also has high rainfall. This condition makes this area has a high potential of landslide risk. This problem needs to get a scientific study of how the surface characteristics of the landslide field as a preliminary study of landslide mitigation in West Sumatera. Information on the characteristics of landslide surfaces in landslide prone areas in West Sumatra has not been widely available. Based on the above reason, research has been done to find out the depth and slope of the landslide surface in Padang and Agam Regency of West Sumatra. This explorative research uses resistivity method using Ares equipment set (Cheko production). The apparent resistivity data is interpreted using the optimized optimized least-squares smoothness-constrain inversion method in order to obtain true resistivity 2D cross-section.  The layer thickness and the slope of landslide surface the targeted area was calculated base on true resistivity 2D cross-section that synchronized with topographic data. The results showed that the average both depth and angle of the landslide surfaces in Agam regency of West Sumatra were 41 degree and 16.5 meters respectively. The average both depth and angle of the landslide surfaces in Padang were 38 degree  and 12.5 meters respectively. The rock that acts as a landslide surfaces is Clay.

scholarly journals Attenuation relationships of peak ground motions in the Jazan Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali K. Abdelfattah ◽  
Abdullah Al-amri ◽  
Kamal Abdelrahman ◽  
Muhamed Fnais ◽  
Saleh Qaysi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Local Magnitude ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hypocentral Distance ◽  
Distance Range ◽  
Attenuation Relationships

AbstractIn this study, attenuation relationships are proposed to more accurately predict ground motions in the southernmost part of the Arabian Shield in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. A data set composed of 72 earthquakes, with normal to strike-slip focal mechanisms over a local magnitude range of 2.0–5.1 and a distance range of 5–200 km, was used to investigate the predictive attenuation relationship of the peak ground motion as a function of the hypocentral distance and local magnitude. To obtain the space parameters of the empirical relationships, non-linear regression was performed over a hypocentral distance range of 4–200 km. The means of 638 peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV) values calculated from the records of the horizontal components were used to derive the predictive relationships of the earthquake ground motions. The relationships accounted for the site-correlation coefficient but not for the earthquake source implications. The derived predictive attenuation relationships for PGV and PGA are$$ {\log}_{10}(PGV)=-1.05+0.65\cdotp {M}_L-0.66\cdotp {\log}_{10}(r)-0.04\cdotp r, $$ log 10 PGV = − 1.05 + 0.65 · M L − 0.66 · log 10 r − 0.04 · r , $$ {\log}_{10}(PGA)=-1.36+0.85\cdotp {M}_L-0.85\cdotp {\log}_{10}(r)-0.005\cdotp r, $$ log 10 PGA = − 1.36 + 0.85 · M L − 0.85 · log 10 r − 0.005 · r , respectively. These new relationships were compared to the grand-motion prediction equation published for western Saudi Arabia and indicate good agreement with the only data set of observed ground motions available for an ML 4.9 earthquake that occurred in 2014 in southwestern Saudi Arabia, implying that the developed relationship can be used to generate earthquake shaking maps within a few minutes of the event based on prior information on magnitudes and hypocentral distances taking into considerations the local site characteristics.

scholarly journals Factors Controlling Contemporary Suspended Sediment Yield in the Caucasus Region

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3173
Author(s):  
Valentin Golosov ◽  
Anatoly Tsyplenkov
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
Caucasus Region

This paper discusses the joint impact of catchment complexity in topography, tectonics, climate, landuse patterns, and lithology on the suspended sediment yield (SSY, t km−2 year−1) in the Caucasus region using measurements from 244 gauging stations (GS). A Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) was used to reveal the relationships between SSY and explanatory variables. Despite possible significant uncertainties on the SSY values, analysis of this database indicates clear spatial patterns of SSY in the Caucasus. Most catchments in the Lesser Caucasia and Ciscaucasia are characterized by relatively low SSY values (<100–150 t km−2 year−1), the Greater Caucasus region generally have higher SSY values (more than 150–300 t km−2 year−1). Partial correlation analyses demonstrated that such proxies of topography as height above nearest drainage (HAND) and normalized steepness index (Ksn) tend to be among the most important ones. However, a PLSR analysis suggested that these variables’ influence is likely associated with peak ground acceleration (PGA). We also found a strong relationship between land cover types (e.g., barren areas and cropland) and SSY in different elevation zones. Nonetheless, adding more gauging stations into analyses and more refined characterizations of the catchments may reveal additional trends.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR INFORMASI PADA KLAUSA BAHASA MINANGKABAU Sebuah telaah tipologi grammatical dan struktur informasi

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Jufrizal Jufrizal ◽  
Rusdi Rusdi ◽  
Lely Refnita
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
First Year ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Special Information

There are three types of clause in Minangkabaunese based on the typological analysis, namely: active, passive, and topicalization one. Accordingly, each clause has special information structure which makes they are different in communicating messages. This article tries to describe the types of clauses in Minangkabaunese based on typological analysis and then the discussion is continued in order to know the information structure in each clause. This article is derived and developed based on the result of a fundamental research conducted for the first year (2008) in West-Sumatra.

Utilization of Classification Techniques for the Determination of Liquefaction Susceptibility of Soils

2016 ◽  
pp. 124-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jagan ◽  
Prabhakar Gundlapalli ◽  
Pijush Samui
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Relevance Vector Machine ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Liquefaction Susceptibility ◽  
Input Variables

The determination of liquefaction susceptibility of soil is a paramount project in geotechnical earthquake engineering. This chapter adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM), Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) and Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) for determination of liquefaction susceptibility based on Cone Penetration Test (CPT) from Chi-Chi earthquake. Input variables of SVM, RVM and LSSVM are Cone Resistance (qc) and Peak Ground Acceleration (amax/g). SVM, RVM and LSSVM have been used as classification tools. The developed SVM, RVM and LSSVM give equations for determination of liquefaction susceptibility of soil. The comparison between the developed models has been carried out. The results show that SVM, RVM and LSSVM are the robust models for determination of liquefaction susceptibility of soil.

Determinant factors of Indonesian people’s fish purchase intention

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 2272-2277
Author(s):  
Novita Novita ◽  
Janny Rowena
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Central Java ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Consumption Rates

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the determinant factors that influence the purchase intention of fish by Indonesians, especially in 14 provinces with low fish consumption rates.Design/methodology/approachThe survey was conducted with a total of 307 respondents in West Sumatra, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, Special Region of Yogyakarta, East Java, Banten, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara and West Borneo. The factors measured and analyzed are product, individual and environmental characteristics while partial least square is used to analyze the data.FindingsThe factors influencing the purchase intention of fish by Indonesians include product, individual and environmental characteristics. Not surprisingly, environmental characteristics were cited by most respondents.Originality/valueThis is the first study on the factors which influence the purchase of fish by Indonesians, in a country with a high rate of fish production, but a low rate of consumption. Findings are relevant to support the “Gemarikan Program” (Program to Promote Fish Eating) by The Indonesia Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries.

scholarly journals The investigation of the effects of spiritual values and behaviors on business development and performance of Muslim preneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 730-740
Author(s):  
Mahyarni Mahyarni ◽  
Astuti Meflinda ◽  
Henni Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
The Future ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pls Method

Purpose This paper aims to determine the effect between variables and formulate policies related to Muslim business preneurship in the future. Design/methodology/approach Partial least square (PLS) data processing method is used is this study. Findings The result shows that Muslim preneurship spiritual values will lead to an increase in Muslim preneurship behaviors in running a business on society and performance on society. Indonesian people realize that Muslim preneurship development at the present time cannot be separated from the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises spread throughout the country. Originality/value The PLS method that was applied to determine the effect between variables and formulate policies related to Muslim businesses preneurship in the future. This research location was Riau and West Sumatra, Indonesia, and the variables were spiritual values and behavioral and developmental Muslim business preneurship.

scholarly journals Zeeman-Doppler imaging: old problems and new methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S259) ◽  
pp. 633-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten A. Carroll ◽  
Markus Kopf ◽  
Klaus G. Strassmeier ◽  
Ilya Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Magnetic Surface ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Transfer Method

AbstractZeeman-Doppler Imaging (ZDI) is a powerful inversion method to reconstruct stellar magnetic surface fields. The reconstruction process is usually solved by translating the inverse problem into a regularized least-square or optimization problem. In this contribution we will emphasize that ZDI is an inherent non-linear problem and the corresponding regularized optimization is, like many non-linear problems, potentially prone to local minima. We show how this problem will be exacerbated by using an inadequate forward model. To facilitate a more consistent full radiative transfer driven approach to ZDI we describe a two-stage strategy that consist of a principal component analysis (PCA) based line profile reconstruction and a fast approximate polarized radiative transfer method to synthesize local Stokes profiles. Moreover, we introduce a novel statistical inversion method based on artificial neural networks (ANN) which provide a fast calculation of a first guess model and allows to incorporate better physical constraints into the inversion process.

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