scholarly journals Iron Profile of Octopus Hubbsorum (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) for Enrichment of the Mexican Diet

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Palacios-Abrantes ◽  
Virginia melo Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Diaz-Garcia ◽  
Cesar Gazga-Urioste ◽  
Brian Urbano
Keyword(s):  
Main Role ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Iron Profile

FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) declared that 12% of the world’s population is undernourished while in Mexico the number is around 5%. Minerals are essential for the daily diet; iron (Fe) is an important mineral on human welfare because it has a main role on the function of the immune and central nervous systems, among others. Most Mexicans fulfill their iron requirements from vegetables, which are poorly absorbed; nevertheless, in coastal populations, where seafood-rich in iron- is available, it is not consumed on a regular diet. The aim of this work was to analyze minerals, focusing on the iron content of Octopus hubbsorum B (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), an animal of the Mexican Pacific coast. Three specimens were analyzed, two from the north and one from central Pacific Ocean. Data obtained for the central Pacific Octopus was 0.008% and data for the North Pacific were 0.008% and 0.011%, repectively. In conclusion, the supply of iron for the Mexican diet provided by Octopus hubbsorum B is significant, therefore is recommended to consume more of this resource, to diminish iron deficiency, a world-wide problem, and to improve human health

Unification of the Australian cratons before the formation of Nuna

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Kirscher ◽  
Ross Mitchell ◽  
Yebo Liu ◽  
Adam Nordsvan ◽  
Grant Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Polar Wander ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Pine Creek ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Related Characteristic

<p>The paleogeography and chronology of the Paleoproterozoic supercontinent Nuna are highly debated. To further test the paleogeography of Australian cratons in the leadup to Nuna formation, we present new paleomagnetic results from two Paleoproterozoic rock formations in North Australia. First, we obtained paleomagnetic directions from the 1825±4 Ma, bimodal Plum Tree Creek Volcanics sequence located within the Pine Creek Inlier of the North Australian Craton. Second, we studied the 1855±2 Ma layered mafic-ultramafic ‘Toby’ intrusion from the Kimberley Craton (KC). Samples from both study areas reveal high quality, stable, magnetite related characteristic remanent magnetization directions. Combining within-site clustered mean directions, we obtained two paleopoles, which plot proximal to each other in the present day central Pacific Ocean, off the east coast of Australia. These results agree with previous interpretation that the Kimberly Craton was amalgamated with the rest of the North Australian Craton (NAC) prior to ca. 1.85 Ga. Comparing these new results with slightly younger poles from the NAC and slightly older, rotated poles form the West Australian Craton (WAC) reveal a high degree of clustering suggesting very minimal absolute plate motion between ca. 1.9-1.85 and 1.6 Ga before the final amalgamation of Nuna. All available paleomagnetic poles agree with an assembly, or close juxtaposition, of the two major Australian cratons (NAC and WAC) before 1.8 Ga. Furthermore, the individual virtual geomagnetic poles from the potentially slow cooled Toby intrusion show a non-fisherian distribution along a great circle. This spread might be related to previously interpreted major true polar wander events based on Laurentian data, which would be global if such an interpretation is correct. The assembly of proto-Australia prior to ca. 1.85 Ga roughly 250 to 300 Myr before the final stage of supercontinent Nuna’s amalgamation ca. 1.6 Ga suggests that assembling of major building blocks, such as Australia and Laurentia for the supercontinent Nuna and Gondwana for the supercontinent Pangea, is an important step in the formation of supercontinents.</p>

scholarly journals Temporal Variability of Dissolved Organic Radiocarbon in the Deep North Pacific Ocean

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R M Druffel ◽  
Sheila Griffin ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Brett D Walker
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Spatial Inhomogeneity ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
C Value

ABSTRACTWe report marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ∆14C from seawater collected from the North central Pacific Ocean (NCP) in 2015. These measurements show DOC ∆14C values averaged –235±5‰ (n=3) in the mixed layer (24–81 m) and –544±5‰ (n=5) in the deep water (1500–5139 m). A comparison of these data with two previously published DOC ∆14C profiles from the NCP in 1985 and 1987 reveals that deep DOC ∆14C values have decreased. We discuss several possible mechanisms that could cause such a shift in DOC ∆14C values, including spatial inhomogeneity and temporal variability due to changes in the dissolution and ∆14C value of surface derived particles in the deep sea. We find that forthcoming profiles of DOC ∆14C results from the NCP will determine the primary mechanisms controlling deep DOC ∆14C distributions, and changes over the past three decades.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potential Evapotranspiration Based on CMADS Reanalysis Dataset over China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Kejun Zhang ◽  
Yue-Ping Xu ◽  
Xichao Gao ◽  
Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Western China ◽  
Reanalysis Dataset ◽  
The North ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Monteith Equation

Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is used in many hydrological models to estimate actual evapotranspiration. The calculation of PET by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Penman–Monteith method requires data for several meteorological variables that are often unavailable in remote areas. The China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT model (CMADS) reanalysis datasets provide an alternative to the use of observed data. This study evaluates the use of CMADS reanalysis datasets in estimating PET across China by the Penman–Monteith equation. PET estimates from CMADS data (PET_cma) during the period 2008–2016 were compared with those from observed data (PET_obs) from 836 weather stations in China. Results show that despite PET_cma overestimating average annual PET and average seasonal in some areas (in comparison to PET_obs), PET_cma well matches PET_obs overall. Overestimation of average annual PET occurs mainly for western inland China. There are more meteorological stations in southeastern China for which PET_cma is a large overestimate, with percentage bias ranging from 15% to 25% for spring but a larger overestimate in the south and underestimate in the north for the winter. Wind speed and solar radiation are the climate variables that contribute most to the error in PET_cma. Wind speed causes PET to be underestimated with percentage bias in the range −15% to −5% for central and western China whereas solar radiation causes PET to be overestimated with percentage bias in the range 15% to 30%. The underestimation of PET due to wind speed is offset by the overestimation due to solar radiation, resulting in a lower overestimation overall.

scholarly journals Dinámica de la producción de maíz y frijol en México de 1980 a 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Mauricio De los Santos Ramos ◽  
Teolincacihuatl Romero Rosales ◽  
Encarnación Ernesto Bobadilla Soto
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
The North ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
National Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Production Prices

The objective of this work was to evaluate the dynamic of corn and bean production in Mexico. Retrospective analysis was conducted in order to identify critic points, changes and adjustments given in the sector, as a result of Mexican government policies. Data was obtained from SAGARPA, Bank of Mexico, Secretary of Economy and Food and Agriculture Organization. Indicators were evaluated, as annual average growth rate (TCMA) and growing indicators, trends and real prices were evaluated. When doing the analysis, it was considered as a variable the country as a whole. The data of plantings, production, prices and imports of corn and beans in Mexico between 1980 and 2014 was analyzed. The plantings of corn and beans showed a decrease of 1.8 million and 193 thousand hectares respectively, the performance of corn increased on 1.47 t/ha and for beans, and 160 kg/ha for corn production and had a TCMA of 1.8% equivalent to 10.1 million tons, and beans had a TCMA of 0.89% with an increase of 338 783 t. Corn and beans, at constant prices, had a decrease of 64.6% and 59.0%, the decreased was of 441.9 and 976.3 dollars per ton respectively. The imports of corn had a TCMA of 2.84% ending 2012 with 9.5 million tons, the imports of beans don’t show any trend. The critic point of imports began with the North American Free Trade Agreement, where Mexico changed from a close economy to an open one, in which the government stimulates more imports, than national production. 

Irrigation Estimates from Remote Sensing Soil Moisture: A District-Scale Analysis in Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Dari ◽  
Pere Quintana-Seguí ◽  
María José Escorihuela ◽  
Vivien Stefan ◽  
Renato Morbidelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Data Set ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

<p>Irrigation represents a primary source of anthropogenic water consumption, whose effects impact on the natural distribution of water on the Earth’s surface and on food production. Over anthropized basins, irrigation often represents the missing variable to properly close the hydrological balance. Despite this, detailed information on the amounts of water actually applied for irrigation is lacking worldwide. In this study, a method to estimate irrigation volumes applied over a heavily irrigated area in the North East of Spain through high-resolution (1 km) remote sensing soil moisture is presented. Two DISPATCH (DISaggregation based on Physical And Theoretical scale CHange) downscaled data sets have been used: SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity). The SMAP experiment covers the period from January 2016 to September 2017, while the SMOS experiment is referred to the time span from January 2011 to September 2017. The irrigation amounts have been retrieved through the SM2RAIN algorithm, in which the guidelines provided in the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) paper n.56 about the crop evapotranspiration have been implemented for a proper modeling of the crop evapotranspiration. A more detailed analysis has been performed in the context of the SMAP experiment. In fact, the spatial distribution and the temporal occurrence of the irrigation events have been investigated. Furthermore, the loss of accuracy of the irrigation estimates when using different sources for the evapotranspiration data has been assessed. In order to do this, the SMAP experiment has been repeated by forcing the SM2RAIN algorithm with several evapotranspiration data sets, both calculated and observed. Finally, the merging of the results obtained through the two experiments has produced a data set of almost 7 years of irrigation estimated from remote sensing soil moisture.</p>

scholarly journals Revisiting the trend in the occurrences of the warm Arctic-cold Eurasian continent temperature pattern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejiang Yu ◽  
Shiyuan Zhong ◽  
Cuijuan Sui ◽  
Bo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
Increasing Trend

Abstract. The recent increasing trend of warm Arctic, cold continents has attracted much attention, but it remains debatable as to what forces are behind this phenomenon. Here, we revisited surface-temperature variability over the Arctic and Eurasian continent by applying the Self-Organizing-Map (SOM) technique to gridded daily surface temperature data. Nearly 40 % of the surface temperature trends are explained by the nine SOM patterns that depict the switch to the current warm Arctic-cold Eurasia pattern at the beginning of this century from the reversed pattern that dominated the 1980s and the 90s. Further, no cause-effect relationship is found between the Arctic sea-ice loss and the cold spells in high-mid latitude Eurasian continent suggested by earlier studies. Instead, the increasing trend in warm Arctic-cold Eurasia pattern appears to be related to the anomalous atmospheric circulations associated with two Rossby wavetrains triggered by rising sea surface temperature (SST) over the central North Pacific and the North Atlantic Oceans. On interdecadal timescale, the recent increase in the occurrences of the warm Arctic-cold Eurasia pattern is a fragment of the interdecadal variability of SST over the Atlantic Ocean as represented by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillations (AMO), and over the central Pacific Ocean.

scholarly journals First record of Spotted Knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Oplegnathidae) in the southern South China Sea

Check List ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1198
Author(s):  
Yusri Yusuf ◽  
Ying Giat Seah ◽  
Md Repin Izarenah ◽  
Jen Nie Lee
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
First Record ◽  
Southern South China Sea ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Southward Extension ◽  
First Time

Oplegnathus punctatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) is reported for the first time in the southern South China Sea, off Pulau Tenggol, Malaysia. This species is native to the north-western and central Pacific Ocean and mainly occurs in subtropical and warm temperate waters. This record is a significant southward extension of its range and also represents the first documentation of the family Oplegnathidae in Malaysia. 

scholarly journals Intermediate water flows in the South West Pacific from OUTPACE and THOT Argo floats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Barbot ◽  
Anne Petrenko ◽  
Christophe Maes
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Shear ◽  
Cyclonic Eddy ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Argo Floats ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
Mesoscale Dynamics ◽  
Zonal Jets ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Waters

Abstract. Thanks to the autonomous Argo floats of the OUTPACE cruise and of the THOT project, some features of intermediate flow dynamics, around 1000 m depth, within the Southwest and Central Pacific Ocean (156° E–150° W, around 19° S) are described. In the Coral sea, we highlight minima in dissolved oxygen of 140 μmol kg−1 that are associated with the signature of a southward transport of waters between two zonal jets: from the North Vanuatu Jet to the North Caledonia Jet. This transport takes place in the core of a cyclonic eddy or via the path between a cyclonic eddy and an anticyclonic one, highlighting the importance of mesoscale dynamics in upper thermocline and surface layers. Further east, we observe a strong meridional velocity shear with long-term float trajectories going either eastward or westward in the lower thermocline. More interestingly, these trajectories also exhibit some oscillatory features. Those trajectories can be explained by a single Rossby wave of 160 days period and 855 km wavelength. Considering the thermohaline context, we confirm the meridional shear of zonal velocity and highlight a permanent density front that corresponds to the interface between Antarctic Intermediate Waters and North Pacific Deep Waters. Hence both circulation and thermohaline contexts are highly favorable to instabilities and wave propagation.

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