Correction of medial prefrontal cortex and adrenal gland left/right imbalance by deep brain stimulation for depression in rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukitoshi Sakaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Original Weight ◽  
Depression Disorders ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Deep Brain

Hemispheric brain asymmetries are related to stress coping in both humans and rodents, and imbalanced neural activity between the left and right medial prefrontal cortexes (mPFCs) is observed in depression disorders. Brain stimulation of the PFC is effective to cure depression symptoms. We therefore hypothesized that the imbalanced activity of the mPFCs as well as depression-like behaviors can be induced by chronic stress in rats, and that deep brain stimulation (DBS) can treat such behavior by correcting the asymmetrical activity of the brain regions. Our results indeed show that chronic stress exposure by social isolation (SI) causes depression-like behavior and left/right mPFC activity changes. SI suppressed the activity of both the prelimbic and the infralimbic cortex; however, the extent of the suppression in these regions was oppositely asymmetric. Two weeks of DBS recovered the depression-like behavior and corrected the imbalanced brain activity. In addition, original weight differences between the left and right adrenal glands (AGs) were decreased by SI and recovered by DBS. The integrated index obtained from the mPFCs and AGs asymmetry scores could be useful for estimating the degree of depression. In conclusion, DBS can recover depression-like behavior accompanied by correcting imbalances in both the mPFCs and the AGs.

scholarly journals Applying a Sensing-Enabled System for Ensuring Safe Anterior Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation for Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhi Huang ◽  
Binith Cheeran ◽  
Alexander L. Green ◽  
Timothy J. Denison ◽  
Tipu Z. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Chronic Therapy ◽  
Provide Pain Relief ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Effective Pain Relief ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was offered to chronic pain patients who had exhausted medical and surgical options. However, several patients developed recurrent seizures. This work was conducted to assess the effect of ACC stimulation on the brain activity and to guide safe DBS programming. A sensing-enabled neurostimulator (Activa PC + S) allowing wireless recording through the stimulating electrodes was chronically implanted in three patients. Stimulation patterns with different amplitude levels and variable ramping rates were tested to investigate whether these patterns could provide pain relief without triggering after-discharges (ADs) within local field potentials (LFPs) recorded in the ACC. In the absence of ramping, AD activity was detected following stimulation at amplitude levels below those used in chronic therapy. Adjustment of stimulus cycling patterns, by slowly ramping on/off (8-s ramp duration), was able to prevent ADs at higher amplitude levels while maintaining effective pain relief. The absence of AD activity confirmed from the implant was correlated with the absence of clinical seizures. We propose that AD activity in the ACC could be a biomarker for the likelihood of seizures in these patients, and the application of sensing-enabled techniques has the potential to advance safer brain stimulation therapies, especially in novel targets.

Evaluating and Optimizing Dentato-Rubro-Thalamic-Tract Deterministic Tractography in Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Bot ◽  
Anne-Fleur van Rootselaari ◽  
Vincent Odekerken ◽  
Joke Dijk ◽  
Rob M A de Bie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Red Nucleus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ventral Intermediate Nucleus ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND Dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRT) deep brain stimulation (DBS) suppresses tremor in essential tremor (ET) patients. However, DRT depiction through tractography can vary depending on the included brain regions. Moreover, it is unclear which section of the DRT is optimal for DBS. OBJECTIVE To evaluate deterministic DRT tractography and tremor control in DBS for ET. METHODS After DBS surgery, DRT tractography was conducted in 37 trajectories (20 ET patients). Per trajectory, 5 different DRT depictions with various regions of interest (ROI) were constructed. Comparison resulted in a DRT depiction with highest correspondence to intraoperative tremor control. This DRT depiction was subsequently used for evaluation of short-term postoperative adverse and beneficial effects. RESULTS Postoperative optimized DRT tractography employing the ROI motor cortex, posterior subthalamic area (PSA), and ipsilateral superior cerebellar peduncle and dentate nucleus best corresponded with intraoperative trajectories (92%) and active DBS contacts (93%) showing optimal tremor control. DRT tractography employing a red nucleus or ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) ROI often resulted in a more medial course. Optimal stimulation was located in the section between VIM and PSA. CONCLUSION This optimized deterministic DRT tractography strongly correlates with optimal tremor control. This technique is readily implementable for prospective evaluation in DBS target planning for ET.

scholarly journals Differential effects of deep brain stimulation and levodopa on brain activity in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Mueller ◽  
Dušan Urgošík ◽  
Tommaso Ballarini ◽  
Štefan Holiga ◽  
Harald E Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Levodopa Treatment ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract Levodopa is the first-line treatment for Parkinson’s disease, although the precise mechanisms mediating its efficacy remain elusive. We aimed to elucidate treatment effects of levodopa on brain activity during the execution of fine movements and to compare them with deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei. We studied 32 patients with Parkinson’s disease using functional MRI during the execution of finger-tapping task, alternating epochs of movement and rest. The task was performed after withdrawal and administration of a single levodopa dose. A subgroup of patients (n = 18) repeated the experiment after electrode implantation with stimulator on and off. Investigating levodopa treatment, we found a significant interaction between both factors of treatment state (off, on) and experimental task (finger tapping, rest) in bilateral putamen, but not in other motor regions. Specifically, during the off state of levodopa medication, activity in the putamen at rest was higher than during tapping. This represents an aberrant activity pattern probably indicating the derangement of basal ganglia network activity due to the lack of dopaminergic input. Levodopa medication reverted this pattern, so that putaminal activity during finger tapping was higher than during rest, as previously described in healthy controls. Within-group comparison with deep brain stimulation underlines the specificity of our findings with levodopa treatment. Indeed, a significant interaction was observed between treatment approach (levodopa, deep brain stimulation) and treatment state (off, on) in bilateral putamen. Our functional MRI study compared for the first time the differential effects of levodopa treatment and deep brain stimulation on brain motor activity. We showed modulatory effects of levodopa on brain activity of the putamen during finger movement execution, which were not observed with deep brain stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation: Treating neurological and psychiatric disorders by modulating brain activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Saad Siddiqui ◽  
Thomas L. Ellis ◽  
Stephen B. Tatter ◽  
Michael S Okun
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Brain energization in response to deep brain stimulation of subthalamic nuclei in Parkinson's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëtan Garraux ◽  
Mohamed A Bahri ◽  
Christian Lemaire ◽  
Christian Degueldre ◽  
Eric Salmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment in a subgroup of medically refractory patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we compared resting-state 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography images in the stimulator off (DBS_OFF) and on (DBS_ON) conditions in eight PD patients in an unmedicated state, on average 2 years after bilateral electrode implantation. Global standardized uptake value (SUV) significantly increased by ∼11% in response to STN-DBS. To avoid any bias in the voxel-based analysis comparing DBS_ON and DBS_OFF conditions, individual scan intensity was scaled to a region where FDG-SUV did not differ significantly between conditions. The resulting FDG-SUV ratio (FDG-SUVR) was found to increase in many regions in response to STN-DBS including the target area of surgery, caudate nuclei, primary sensorimotor, and associative cortices. Contrary to previous studies, we could not find any regional decrease in FDG-SUVR. These findings were indirectly supported by comparing the extent of areas with depressed FDG-SUVR in DBS_OFF and DBS_ON relatively to 10 normal controls. Altogether, these novel results support the prediction that the effect of STN-DBS on brain activity in PD is unidirectional and consists in an increase in many subcortical and cortical regions.

Sensing-enabled hippocampal deep brain stimulation in idiopathic nonhuman primate epilepsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Lipski ◽  
V. J. DeStefino ◽  
S. R. Stanslaski ◽  
A. R. Antony ◽  
D. J. Crammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

Epilepsy is a debilitating condition affecting 1% of the population worldwide. Medications fail to control seizures in at least 30% of patients, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising alternative treatment. A modified clinical DBS hardware platform was recently described (PC+S) allowing long-term recording of electrical brain activity such that effects of DBS on neural networks can be examined. This study reports the first use of this device to characterize idiopathic epilepsy and assess the effects of stimulation in a nonhuman primate (NHP). Clinical DBS electrodes were implanted in the hippocampus of an epileptic NHP bilaterally, and baseline local field potential (LFP) recordings were collected for seizure characterization with the PC+S. Real-time automatic detection of ictal events was demonstrated and validated by concurrent visual observation of seizure behavior. Seizures consisted of large-amplitude 8- to 25-Hz oscillations originating from the right hemisphere and quickly generalizing, with an average occurrence of 0.71 ± 0.15 seizures/day. Various stimulation parameters resulted in suppression of LFP activity or in seizure induction during stimulation under ketamine anesthesia. Chronic stimulation in the awake animal was studied to evaluate how seizure activity was affected by stimulation configurations that suppressed broadband LFPs in acute experiments. This is the first electrophysiological characterization of epilepsy using a next-generation clinical DBS system that offers the ability to record and analyze neural signals from a chronically implanted stimulating electrode. These results will direct further development of this technology and ultimately provide insight into therapeutic mechanisms of DBS for epilepsy.

scholarly journals Non-Linear Dynamical Analysis of Resting Tremor for Demand-Driven Deep Brain Stimulation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Camara ◽  
Narayan P. Subramaniyam ◽  
Kevin Warwick ◽  
Lauri Parkkonen ◽  
Tipu Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Dynamical Behaviour ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Resting Tremor ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Stimulation System ◽  
Deep Brain

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is currently the second most common neurodegenerative disease. One of the most characteristic symptoms of PD is resting tremor. Local Field Potentials (LFPs) have been widely studied to investigate deviations from the typical patterns of healthy brain activity. However, the inherent dynamics of the Sub-Thalamic Nucleus (STN) LFPs and their spatiotemporal dynamics have not been well characterized. In this work, we study the non-linear dynamical behaviour of STN-LFPs of Parkinsonian patients using ε -recurrence networks. RNs are a non-linear analysis tool that encodes the geometric information of the underlying system, which can be characterised (for example, using graph theoretical measures) to extract information on the geometric properties of the attractor. Results show that the activity of the STN becomes more non-linear during the tremor episodes and that ε -recurrence network analysis is a suitable method to distinguish the transitions between movement conditions, anticipating the onset of the tremor, with the potential for application in a demand-driven deep brain stimulation system.

scholarly journals MEG Can Map Short and Long-Term Changes in Brain Activity following Deep Brain Stimulation for Chronic Pain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e37993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Mohseni ◽  
Penny P. Smith ◽  
Christine E. Parsons ◽  
Katherine S. Young ◽  
Jonathan A. Hyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Parkinson patients have a presynaptic serotonergic deficit: A dynamic deep brain stimulation PET study

2021 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2098238
Author(s):  
Louise M Jørgensen ◽  
Tove Henriksen ◽  
Skirmante Mardosiene ◽  
Sune H Keller ◽  
Dea S Stenbæk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Serotonin System ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms ◽  
Deep Brain

Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often suffer from non-motor symptoms, which may be caused by serotonergic dysfunction. Apart from alleviating the motor symptoms, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) may also influence non-motor symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate how turning DBS off affects the serotonergic system. We here exploit a novel functional PET neuroimaging methodology to evaluate the preservation of serotonergic neurons and capacity to release serotonin. We measured cerebral 5-HT1BR binding in 13 DBS-STN treated PD patients, at baseline and after turning DBS off. Ten age-matched volunteers served as controls. Clinical measures of motor symptoms were assessed under the two conditions and correlated to the PET measures of the static and dynamic integrity of the serotonergic system. PD patients exhibited a significant loss of frontal and parietal 5-HT1BR, and the loss was significantly correlated to motor symptom severity. We saw a corresponding release of serotonin, but only in brain regions with preserved 5-HT1BR, suggesting the presence of a presynaptic serotonergic deficit. Our study demonstrates that DBS-STN dynamically regulates the serotonin system in PD, and that preservation of serotonergic functions may be predictive of DBS-STN effects.

scholarly journals Optimal closed-loop deep brain stimulation using multiple independently controlled contacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. e1009281
Author(s):  
Gihan Weerasinghe ◽  
Benoit Duchet ◽  
Christian Bick ◽  
Rafal Bogacz
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Coordinated Reset ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment option for a variety of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. The symptoms of these disorders are known to be associated with pathological synchronous neural activity in the basal ganglia and thalamus. It is hypothesised that DBS acts to desynchronise this activity, leading to an overall reduction in symptoms. Electrodes with multiple independently controllable contacts are a recent development in DBS technology which have the potential to target one or more pathological regions with greater precision, reducing side effects and potentially increasing both the efficacy and efficiency of the treatment. The increased complexity of these systems, however, motivates the need to understand the effects of DBS when applied to multiple regions or neural populations within the brain. On the basis of a theoretical model, our paper addresses the question of how to best apply DBS to multiple neural populations to maximally desynchronise brain activity. Central to this are analytical expressions, which we derive, that predict how the symptom severity should change when stimulation is applied. Using these expressions, we construct a closed-loop DBS strategy describing how stimulation should be delivered to individual contacts using the phases and amplitudes of feedback signals. We simulate our method and compare it against two others found in the literature: coordinated reset and phase-locked stimulation. We also investigate the conditions for which our strategy is expected to yield the most benefit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document