scholarly journals Universal modesty in signal-burying games

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeg Quillien
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Costly Signaling ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
Signaling Dynamics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
Shed Light

Why would people hide positive information about themselves? Evolutionary game theorists have recently developed the signal-burying game as a simple model to shed light on this puzzle; they have shown that the game has an equilibrium where some agents are better off deliberately reducing the visibility of the signal by which they broadcast their positive traits. However, their explanation falls short of explaining all modesty norms, since this equilibrium also features individuals who openly brag. This leaves modesty norms that everyone adheres to in want of an explanation. Here we show that the signal-burying framework actually affords such an explanation: the game contains an equilibrium where all agents who send a signal voluntarily reduce its conspicuousness. Surprisingly, the stability of the two kinds of equilibria rely on very different principles. The equilibrium where some agents brag is stable because of costly signaling dynamics. By contrast, the universal modesty equilibrium exists because buried signals contain probabilistic information about a sender's type, and receivers make optimal use of this information. In the latter equilibrium, burying a signal can be understood as a handicap which makes the signal more honest, but honesty is not achieved through standard costly signaling dynamics.

scholarly journals Universal modesty in signal-burying games

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1906) ◽  
pp. 20190985
Author(s):  
Tadeg Quillien
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
Shed Light

Why would individuals hide positive information about themselves? Evolutionary game theorists have recently developed the signal-burying game as a simple model to shed light on this puzzle. They have shown that the game has an equilibrium where some agents are better off deliberately reducing the visibility of the signal by which they broadcast their positive traits. However, this equilibrium also features individuals who fully broadcast their positive traits. Here, we show that the signal-burying framework can also explain modesty norms that everyone adheres to: the game contains an equilibrium where all agents who send a signal voluntarily reduce its conspicuousness. Surprisingly, the stability of the two kinds of equilibria rely on very different principles. The equilibrium where some agents brag is stable because of costly signalling dynamics. By contrast, the universal modesty equilibrium exists because buried signals contain probabilistic information about a sender’s type, and receivers make optimal use of this information. In the latter equilibrium, burying a signal can be understood as a handicap which makes the signal more honest, but honesty is not achieved through standard costly signalling dynamics.

scholarly journals Forward Rate Bias in Developed and Developing Countries: More Risky Not Less Rational

Econometrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Michael D. Goldberg ◽  
Olesia Kozlova ◽  
Deniz Ozabaci
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forward Rate ◽  
Currency Markets ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Slope Coefficient ◽  
Break Points ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Widespread View ◽  
Shed Light

This paper examines the stability of the Bilson–Fama regression for a panel of 55 developed and developing countries. We find multiple break points for nearly every country in our panel. Subperiod estimates of the slope coefficient show a negative bias during some time periods and a positive bias during other time periods in nearly every country. The subperiod biases display two key patterns that shed light on the literature’s linear regression findings. The results point toward the importance of risk in currency markets. We find that risk is greater for developed country markets. The evidence undercuts the widespread view that currency returns are predictable or that developed country markets are less rational.

scholarly journals Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Investigations of the Speciation and Reactivity of Deep Eutectic Electrolytes in Aluminum Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carrasco-Busturia ◽  
Steen Lysgaard ◽  
Piotr Jankowski ◽  
Tejs Vegge ◽  
Arghya Bhowmik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Electrochemical Activity ◽  
Molecular Composition ◽  
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Battery Anode

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as an alternative for conventional ionic<br>liquids in aluminum batteries. Elucidating DES composition is fundamental to<br>understand aluminum electrodeposition in the battery anode. Despite numerous<br>experiemental efforts, the speciation of these DES remains elusive. This work shows<br>how \textit{Ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations can shed light on the<br>molecular composition of DES. For the particular example of AlCl$_{3}$:urea, one of<br>the most popular DES, we carried out a systematic AIMD study, showing how an<br>excess of AlCl$_{3}$ in the AlCl$_{3}$:urea mixture promotes the stability of ionic<br>species vs neutral ones and also favors the reactivity in the system. These two facts<br>explain the experimentally observed enhanced electrochemical activity in salt-rich<br>DES. We also observe the transfer of simple $[$AlCl$_{x}$(urea)$_{y}]$ clusters<br>between different species in the liquid, giving rise to free $[$AlCl$_{4}]^{-}$ units. The<br>small size of these $[$AlCl$_{4}]^{-}$ units favors the transport of ionic species towards<br>the anode, facilitating the electrodeposition of aluminum.

scholarly journals POPULATION DYNAMICS ON COMPLEX FOOD WEBS

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 635-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIAN MARCO PALAMARA ◽  
VINKO ZLATIĆ ◽  
ANTONIO SCALA ◽  
GUIDO CALDARELLI
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Niche Model ◽  
Ecological Complexity ◽  
Overlap Graphs ◽  
Dynamical Properties ◽  
The Stability

In this work we analyze the topological and dynamical properties of a simple model of complex food webs, namely the niche model. In order to underline competition among species, we introduce "prey" and "predators" weighted overlap graphs derived from the niche model and compare synthetic food webs with real data. Doing so, we find new tests for the goodness of synthetic food web models and indicate a possible direction of improvement for existing ones. We then exploit the weighted overlap graphs to define a competition kernel for Lotka–Volterra population dynamics and find that for such a model the stability of food webs decreases with its ecological complexity.

scholarly journals Divalent Cations Affect the Stability and Structure of Dad2p, a Subunit of the Candida Albicans Kinetochore Dam1 Complex

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Jennifer Turner Waldo ◽  
Tsering Dolma ◽  
Emily Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Fluorimetry ◽  
A Subunit ◽  
Dam1 Complex ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Shed Light

<p class="1Body">The heterodecameric Dam1 complex is involved in establishing and maintaining the connection between the kinetochore and the mitotic spindle during mitosis. Biochemical studies of the reconstituted complex have shed light upon how it interacts with microtubules. However, little information about the biochemical properties of the isolated subunits has been available. This report examines the stability and structure of Dad2p, one of the Dam1 complex subunits isolated from <em>Candida albicans</em>. By employing differential scanning fluorimetry, protease protection and hydrodynamic analyses, we show that Dad2p is specifically responsive to the presence of divalent cations. This observation may be important for understanding the dynamic structure and regulation of the Dam1 complex in fungal cells.</p>

Trickle-Round Signals: When Low Status Is Mixed with High

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bellezza ◽  
Jonah Berger
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
High Status ◽  
Signaling Dynamics ◽  
Costly Signal ◽  
Multiple Signaling ◽  
Mix And Match ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Middle Status

Abstract Trickle-down theories suggest that status symbols and fashion trends originate from the elites and move downward, but some high-end restaurants serve lowbrow food (e.g., potato chips, macaroni and cheese), and some high-status individuals wear downscale clothing (e.g., ripped jeans, duct-taped shoes). Why would high-status actors adopt items traditionally associated with low-status groups? Using a signaling perspective to explain this phenomenon, the authors suggest that elites sometimes adopt items associated with low-status groups as a costly signal to distinguish themselves from middle-status individuals. As a result, signals sometimes trickle round, moving directly from the lower to the upper class, before diffusing to the middle class. Furthermore, consistent with a signaling perspective, the presence of multiple signaling dimensions facilitates this effect, enabling the highs to mix and match high and low signals and differentiate themselves. These findings deepen the understanding of signaling dynamics, support a trickle-round theory of fashion, and shed light on alternative status symbols.

scholarly journals Chaos and complexity in a simple model of production dynamics

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Katzorke ◽  
A. Pikovsky
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Order Flow ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Dynamical Behaviors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Production Dynamics ◽  
Complex Dynamical Behavior

We consider complex dynamical behavior in a simple model of production dynamics, based on the Wiendahl’s funnel approach. In the case of continuous order flow a model of three parallel funnels reduces to the one-dimensional Bernoulli-type map, and demonstrates strong chaotic properties. The optimization of production costs is possible with the OGY method of chaos control. The dynamics changes drastically in the case of discrete order flow. We discuss different dynamical behaviors, the complexity and the stability of this discrete system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Quality Supervision System for Construction Projects in China Considering the Quality Behavior Risk Transmission

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Jingchun Feng ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Ke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Evolutionary System ◽  
Stable Strategy ◽  
Supervision System ◽  
System A ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Stability

In construction projects, improper quality behavior of a participant results in quality behavior risks, which can transmit to the downstream participants and may cause detrimental effects on the quality of the entity finally constructed. Controlling the transmission of quality behavior risks is the key to effectively supervising and ensuring the quality of construction projects. In this study, the effectiveness of the quality supervision system of construction projects in China was investigated by considering the transmission of quality behavior risks. A multi-player evolutionary game model consisting of the players of quality supervision of a government department, upstream participant (UP), and downstream participant (DP) was generated. By using the system dynamics theory, the game model was simulated to determine the stability of the evolutionary system and to evaluate the effectiveness of China’s current quality supervision system under different scenarios. The results showed that there is no evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) in the evolutionary system of the current quality supervision system in China and there are fluctuations in the evolution process. It revealed that high risk exists in the current quality supervision system in China. To resolve the problem of the low efficiency of the current Chinese supervision system, a dynamic penalty and incentive method is developed, which has been proven to be able to effectively control the quality behavior risks in construction projects and hence ensuring the quality of the entity finally constructed.

STABILITY OF VACUUM AND QCD PHASE TRANSITION IN DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATION APPROACH OF QCD

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 1965-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU-XIN LIU ◽  
HUAN CHEN ◽  
LEI CHANG ◽  
YUE ZHAO ◽  
WEI YUAN
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Quark Mass ◽  
Equation Approach ◽  
Qcd Phase Transition ◽  
Current Quark Mass ◽  
Running Coupling ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Chiral Susceptibility ◽  
Current Quark

We describe briefly the effects of the running coupling strength, the current quark mass, the temperature and density on the QCD phase structure and its transition in the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equation approach of QCD. With a simple model, we show that the chiral susceptibility can identify the stability of the vacuum and plays an important role in describing the QCD Phase transition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document