Structure of Pathological Personality Traits through the Lens of the CAT-PD Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney R. Ringwald ◽  
Leah Emery ◽  
Shereen Khoo ◽  
Lee Anna Clark ◽  
Yuliya Kotelnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits ◽  
Domain Level ◽  
Pooled Sample

Personality pathology is increasingly conceptualized within hierarchical, dimensional trait models. The Comprehensive Assessment of Traits Relevant to Personality Disorders (CAT-PD) is a measure of pathological traits with wider coverage than prevailing instruments—however, its domain-level structure is not established. In this pre-registered study, we investigated the domain level of the CAT-PD to provide structural evidence and construct validation of the higher-order structure of personality pathology using a more comprehensive set of lower-order traits than predominant measures. We estimated five- and six-factor models with exploratory factor analysis in a pooled sample of 8 independent subsamples (N=3,987) and found that both models fit the data well, each had interpretable factors that were invariant across gender and sample type, and the factors had good convergent validity with other maladaptive traits, Big Five personality, and interpersonal problems. Our results support the validity of the CAT-PD for assessing multiple levels of the pathological trait hierarchy.

Ervaren Uitdaging op het Werk

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Y. Preenen ◽  
Annelies E. M. van Vianen ◽  
Irene E. de Pater ◽  
René Geerling
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Work Attitudes ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Perceived Challenge

Perceived Job Challenge: Development of a measure Perceived Job Challenge: Development of a measure A measure of perceived challenge was developed, and its psychometric qualities were investigated in two studies. Perceived challenge consisted of three factors: positive stimulation, competence testing, and uncertainty. These factors were found to be reliable and showed good convergent validity. The non-significant correlations between perceived challenge and the Big Five personality traits agreeableness and neuroticism indicated good discriminant validity. The criterium validity of this measure was good as well. The positive stimulation dimension in particular showed to correlate high with employees’ work attitudes. This measure of perceived challenge seems useful for research and practice.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Georgian Version of the Grit Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Natia SORDIA ◽  
Khatuna MARTSKVISHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The concept of grit refers to an individual’s tendency to keep perseverance and passion for long-term goals despite setbacks or obstacles. The present research examines the psychometric properties of the Georgian version of the Grit. 431 individuals participated in the study. Results from the confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) supported a two-dimensional higher-order structure of grit. The relationship with big five personality traits, creative activities, creative achievements, and psychological well-being demonstrated the construct validity of the Georgian version of the Grit Scale (G-Grit). The Georgian version of the Grit Scale seems well suited for future research purposes. Key words: Grit, Personality Traits, Creative Activities, Creative Achievements, Psychological Well-Being. 

Construct validation using multitrait‐multimethod‐twin data: The case of a general factor of personality

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Riemann ◽  
Christian Kandler
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
General Factor ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Peer Report

We describe a behavioural genetic extension of the classic multitrait‐multimethod study design that allows estimating genetic and environmental influences on method effects in twin studies (MTMM‐T). Genetic effects and effects of the environment shared by siblings are interpreted as indicators of convergent validity. In an application of the MTMM study design, we used self‐ and peer report data to examine the higher‐order structure of the NEO‐PI‐R. Structural equation modelling did not support a general factor of personality in multimethod data. The higher‐order factor Stability turns out to be, at most, a weak trait factor. Genetic effects on method factors indicate that especially self‐reports but also peer reports show convergent validity between twins but not between methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Psychological Capital Questionnaire - Short Version (PCQ-12): evidence of Validity of The Brazilian Version

Psico-USF ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helder Kamei ◽  
Maria Cristina Ferreira ◽  
Felipe Valentini ◽  
Mario Fernando Prieto Peres ◽  
Patricia Tobo Kamei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract This study aimed to show evidence of validity for the Brazilian short version (12 items) of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12). Three independent samples participated in the study, totaling 1771 subjects (64.3% women, 32.9% men and 2.9% undeclared), aged 18-79 years (M = 38.59, SD = 12.98). Confirmatory factor analyses showed acceptable adjustment indices for the four-factor structure (self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism) and for a second-order structure with a general factor of psychological capital explaining the four primary factors. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses found configural, metric and scalar invariance of the measure for the different samples as well as for men and women. Finally, convergent validity analyses found a positive and moderate correlation of PCQ-12 with satisfaction with life and subjective happiness, as well as a negative and moderate correlation with perceived stress and depression.

Reliability and Construct Validity of the Portuguese Version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Antunes ◽  
António Caetano ◽  
Miguel Pina e Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Average Variance

The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) is the most commonly used measure for assessing psychological capital in work settings. Although several studies confirmed its factorial validity, most validation studies only examined the four-factor structure preconized by Luthans, Youssef, and Avolio, not attending to empirical evidence on alternative factorial structures. The present study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the PCQ, by using two independent samples (NS1 = 542; NS2 = 115) of Portuguese employees. We conducted a series of confirmatory factor analyses and found that, unlike previous findings, a five-factor solution of the PCQ best fitted the data. The evidence obtained also supported the existence of a second-order factor, psychological capital. The coefficients of internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha, were adequate and test–retest reliability suggested that the PCQ presented a lower stability than personality factors. Convergent validity, assessed with average variance extracted, revealed problems in the optimism subscale. The discriminant validity of the PCQ was confirmed by its correlations with Positive and Negative Affect and Big Five personality factors. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that this measure has incremental validity over personality and affect when predicting job performance.

scholarly journals Psychometric Qualities Evaluation of the Interdependent Happiness Scale across Malaysia, Philippines, and India

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Chee-Seng Tan ◽  
Shue-Ling Chong ◽  
Argel Bondoc Masanda ◽  
Sanju George
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Cultural Usability ◽  
Interdependent Happiness

The nine-item Interdependent Happiness Scale (IHS; Hitokoto & Uchida, 2015) is a self-report of interpersonal happiness that focuses on three dimensions: relationship-oriented happiness, quiescent happiness, and ordinary happiness. Few studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of the IHS in diverse cultural backgrounds and the findings are inconsistent. This study investigated whether the IHS has sound psychometric qualities in three Asian countries. University students from Malaysia (n = 263), Philippines (n = 239), and India (n = 310) answered the IHS and self-rated creativity scale. Confirmatory factor analysis on each sample supported the nine-item second-order model with error covariances. The overall IHS score showed good reliability in all samples. The subscales, however, had mixed results except for the Indian sample. Similarly, the convergent validity test showed mixed results while discriminant validity is supported in all samples except for the quiescent happiness subscale in the Indian sample. Concurrent validity was established across three samples by showing a positive relationship with creativity score. The results highlight that the higher-order structure of the IHS is consistently supported in different cultural contexts. However, some of the items are perceived differently and require further improvement in enhancing the cross-cultural usability of the IHS to measure socially-oriented happiness.

Reliability and validity of the sense of humor scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lydon ◽  
Wilson McDermut
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Fitting Model

Abstract This study examined the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the sense of humor scale (SHS; McGhee, Paul E. 1999. Health, healing and the amuse system: Humor as survival training, 3rd edn. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt), a 24-item questionnaire developed to measure overall sense of humor. Participants included 99 adults, 105 undergraduates, and 111 comedians. One-week test-retest reliability was good (r = 0.75). Internal consistency of the overall scale was excellent, and acceptable-to-excellent for the six subscales. Item-total correlations were generally strong. Comedians scored higher than undergraduates and adults, supporting the construct validity of the SHS. Convergent validity was strong as the SHS was positively correlated with the Humor Styles Questionnaire total and its subscales. Our analyses of SHS’s associations with the Big Five personality dimensions led to findings that are consistent with prior research, as the SHS was positively correlated with extraversion and openness to experience, but uncorrelated with neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Factor analyses found a bifactor model to be the best fitting model for the SHS. Ancillary bifactor fit indices provided additional support for the notion that the SHS may not be best described as unidimensional. Thus, it can be argued that the subscales are relevant for both research and applied work as they offer unique contributions.

Pathological Personality Traits and Intimacy Processes within Roommate Relationships

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Ackerman ◽  
Conrad A. Corretti
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Interpersonal Process ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Perceived Responsiveness ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction ◽  
Interpersonal Values ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Motives

Problems with intimacy constitute an important area of interpersonal dysfunction in those with personality pathology. Drawing on the interpersonal process model of intimacy, the present research used a longitudinal dyadic design of same–sex roommate pairs (n = 103) to address how certain pathological personality traits (i.e. Negative Affect, Detachment, and Antagonism) relate to the development of disclosure, perceived responsiveness, and closeness. We expected that participants’ pathological traits would be linked to both their own and their roommate's intimacy development, and that the mechanisms underlying these links would include the endorsement of interpersonal values and/or the dispositional expression of interpersonal behaviour in the roommate relationship. Our findings demonstrate that interpersonal motives and/or behaviours primarily help to explain how individuals with higher levels of Detachment manifest difficulty with intimacy. Implications of our findings for research on personality pathology, normative traits, and intimacy are discussed. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

A meta‐analysis of psychopathy‐, antisocial PD‐ and FFM associations

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 531-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke Decuyper ◽  
Sarah De Pauw ◽  
Filip De Fruyt ◽  
Marleen De Bolle ◽  
Barbara J. De Clercq
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Antisocial Personality

This research meta‐analytically summarizes the relationships of the Five‐Factor Model (FFM) with psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD). Effect sizes of the associations between psychopathy, APD and the FFM were compiled from 26 independent samples (N = 6913) for psychopathy and 57 independent samples (N = 16 424) for APD. The results revealed predominantly points of similarity and some differences in the FFM associations of both disorders. Symptoms of psychopathy and APD were negatively associated with Conscientiousness and Agreeableness facets and positively with scores on Angry–Hostility (N2), Impulsiveness (N5), Excitement Seeking (E5) and negatively with Warmth (E1). Only psychopathy had a small negative association with Anxiety (N1) and was characterized by stronger negative associations with Agreeableness and Straightforwardness (A2), Compliance (A4) and Modesty (A5) compared to APD. The moderator analyses showed that sample type, use of the NEO‐PI‐R and APD instrument moderated the APD FFM associations, while psychopathy instrument and age group were moderators in the psychopathy MA. Implications of this research for the assessment of APD and psychopathy relying on dimensional models of personality pathology are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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