scholarly journals Design, content, and fieldwork procedures of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study – Wave 4

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla McBride ◽  
Sarah Butter ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adult population in multiple countries. This paper describes the design and execution of the fourth wave of the UK survey (the ‘parent’ strand of the Consortium) during November-December 2020. Methods: This survey prioritised the collection of data pertaining to respondents’ socio-political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours, as well as core mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress). In Phase 1, adults (n=2878) were reinvited to participate in this wave. A new recruitment strand (Phase 2) oversampled respondents from Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland to facilitate robust between-country analyses for core study outcomes. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure that the cross-sectional sample is representative of the baseline sample characteristics (gender, age, household income, household composition, ethnicity, urbanicity, and born/raised in UK). Results: In Phase 1, 1796 adults were successfully recontacted and provided full interviews at Wave 4 (62.4% retention rate). Phase 2 recruitment achieved a robust sample of 1779 respondents from Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, who were largely representative of the socio-demographic and political characteristics of the adult populations in these nations. The raking procedure successfully re-balanced the cross-sectional sample to within 1% of population estimates across selected socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: This paper outlines the growing strength of the C19PRC Study data to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research addressing important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Context, design and conduct of the longitudinal COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study – Wave 3

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla McBride ◽  
Sarah Butter ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the adult population in multiple countries. This paper describes the execution of the third wave of the UK survey (the ‘parent’ strand of the Consortium) during July-August 2020. Methods: Adults (N=2025) who previously participated in the baseline and/or the first follow-up surveys were reinvited to participate in this survey, which assessed: (1) COVID-19 related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours; (2) the occurrence of common mental health disorders; as well as the role of (3) psychological factors and (4) social and political attitudes, in influencing the public’s response to the pandemic. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure that the cross-sectional sample is nationally representative in terms of gender, age, household income, household composition, and urbanicity. Results: 1166 adults (57.6% of baseline participants) were successfully recontacted and provided full interviews at Wave 3. As expected, the raking procedure successfully re-balanced the cross-sectional sample to within 1% of population estimates across the selected socio-demographic characteristics. Conclusion: This paper outlines the growing strength of the C19PRC Study data to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research addressing important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Nutrition Education and Community Pharmacy: A First Exploration of Current Attitudes and Practices in Northern Ireland

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Douglas ◽  
Helen McCarthy ◽  
Lynn McCotter ◽  
Siobhan Gallen ◽  
Stephen McClean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Community pharmacist is one of the most prominent and accessible healthcare professions. The community pharmacists’ role in healthcare is evolving, with opportunities being taken to reduce pressure on primary care services. However, the question remains of how well community pharmacists are equipped for this changing role. This was a sequentially designed study using a mix of methods to explore nutrition education among community pharmacists in Northern Ireland. It consisted of two phases. Phase 1 was a cross-sectional exploration to map the attitudes and practice of Northern Ireland (NI) pharmacists towards diet-related health promotion and disease prevention. An online questionnaire with open and closed questions to gain both quantitative and qualitative responses was developed and distributed to community pharmacists practising in NI. A total of 91% considered nutrition important in reducing the global burden of disease. While the majority (89%) believed patients would value nutritional advice from a pharmacist, 74% were not confident in providing advice to a patient with diabetes. From the consensus gained in Phase 1 a nutrition education intervention (Phase 2) for pre-registration pharmacists was developed using the Hardens 10 question system. The training programme was advertised to pre-registration pharmacy students in NI. It was delivered by nutrition experts who have education qualifications. The intervention was evaluated using a before and after questionnaire that assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP). Phase 2 did find sustained improvement from the baseline in KAP but there was a decline from immediately post-training to three months post-training. This suggests the need to further embed nutrition education. The education programme was found to be effective for the target population and sets the stage for the development of an implementation strategy for a wider roll-out with evaluation.

An overview of the context, design and conduct of the first two waves of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla McBride ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Jilly Gibson Miller ◽  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Baseline Sample

The C19PRC Study aims to assess the psychological, social, and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, Republic of Ireland, and Spain. This paper describes the the first two waves of the UK survey (the ‘parent’ strand of the Consortium) during March-April 2020. A longitudinal, internet panel survey assessed: (1) COVID-19 related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours; (2) the occurrence of common mental health disorders (e.g. anxiety, depression); as well as the role of (3) psychological factors (e.g. personality, locus of control, resilience) and (4) social and political attitudes (e.g. authoritarianism, social dominance), in influencing the public’s response to the pandemic. Quota sampling was used to recruit a nationally representative (in terms of age, sex, and household income) sample of adults (N=2025), 1406 of whom were followed-up one month later (69.4% retention rate). The baseline sample was representative of the UK population in terms of economic activity, ethnicity, and household composition. Attrition was predicted by key socio-demographic characteristics, and an inverse probability weighting procedure was employed to ensure the follow-up sample was representative of the baseline sample. C19PRC Study data has strong generalisability to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research on important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Differential impact of on-site or telepharmacy in the intensive care unit: a controlled before–after study

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Gabriel Rosa Ramos ◽  
Sandra Cristina Hernandes ◽  
Talita Teles Teixeira Pereira ◽  
Shana Oliveira ◽  
Denis de Melo Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Versus Phase ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Clinical pharmacists have an important role in the intensive care unit (ICU) team but are scarce resources. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of on-site pharmacists on medical prescriptions in the ICU. Methods This is a retrospective, quasi-experimental, controlled before-after study in two ICUs. Interventions by pharmacists were evaluated in phase 1 (February to November 2016) and phase 2 (February to May 2017) in ICU A (intervention) and ICU B (control). In phase 1, both ICUs had a telepharmacy service in which medical prescriptions were evaluated and interventions were made remotely. In phase 2, an on-site pharmacist was implemented in ICU A, but not in ICU B. We compared the number of interventions that were accepted in phase 1 versus phase 2. Results During the study period, 8797/9603 (91.6%) prescriptions were evaluated, and 935 (10.6%) needed intervention. In phase 2, there was an increase in the proportion of interventions that were accepted by the physician in comparison to phase 1 (93.9% versus 76.8%, P < 0.001) in ICU A, but there was no change in ICU B (75.2% versus 73.9%, P = 0.845). Conclusion An on-site pharmacist in the ICU was associated with an increase in the proportion of interventions that were accepted by physicians.

scholarly journals Emergency Stroke Calls: Obtaining Rapid Telephone Triage (ESCORTT) – a programme of research to facilitate recognition of stroke by emergency medical dispatchers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline L Watkins ◽  
Stephanie P Jones ◽  
Michael J Leathley ◽  
Gary A Ford ◽  
Tom Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
The Public ◽  
Training Package ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Emergency Medical Dispatchers ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundRapid access to emergency stroke care can reduce death and disability by enabling immediate provision of interventions such as thrombolysis, physiological monitoring and stabilisation. One of the ways that access to services can be facilitated is through emergency medical service (EMS) dispatchers. The sensitivity of EMS dispatchers for identifying stroke is < 50%. Studies have shown that activation of the EMSs is the single most important factor in the rapid triage and treatment of acute stroke patients.ObjectivesTo facilitate recognition of stroke by emergency medical dispatchers (EMDs).DesignAn eight-phase mixed-methods study. Phase 1: a retrospective cohort study exploring stroke diagnosis. Phase 2: semi-structured interviews exploring public and EMS interactions. Phases 3 and 4: a content analysis of 999 calls exploring the interaction between the public and EMDs. Phases 5–7: development and implementation of stroke-specific online training (based on phases 1–4). Phase 8: an interrupted time series exploring the impact of the online training.SettingOne ambulance service and four hospitals.ParticipantsPatients arriving at hospital by ambulance with stroke suspected somewhere on the stroke pathway (phases 1 and 8). Patients arriving at hospital by ambulance with a final diagnosis of stroke (phase 2). Calls to the EMSs relating to phase 1 patients (phases 3 and 4). EMDs (phase 7).InterventionsStroke-specific online training package, designed to improve recognition of stroke for EMDs.Main outcome measuresPhase 1: symptoms indicative of a final and dispatch diagnosis of stroke. Phase 2: factors involved in the decision to call the EMSs when stroke is suspected. Phases 3 and 4: keywords used by the public when describing stroke and non-stroke symptoms to EMDs. Phase 8: proportion of patients with a final diagnosis of stroke correctly dispatched as stroke by EMDs.ResultsPhase 1: for patients with a final diagnosis of stroke, facial weakness and speech problems were significantly associated with an EMD code of stroke. Phase 2: four factors were identified – perceived seriousness; seeking and receiving lay or professional advice; caller’s description of symptoms and emotional response to symptoms. Phases 3 and 4: mention of ‘stroke’ or one or more Face Arm Speech Test (FAST) items is much more common in stroke compared with non-stroke calls. Consciousness level was often difficult for callers to determine and/or communicate. Phase 8: there was a significant difference (p = 0.003) in proportions correctly dispatched as stroke – before the training was implemented 58 out of 92 (63%); during implementation of training 42 out of 48 (88%); and after training implemented 47 out of 59 (80%).ConclusionsEMDs should be aware that callers are likely to describe loss of function (e.g. unable to grip) rather than symptoms (e.g. weakness) and that callers using the word ‘stroke’ or describing facial weakness, limb weakness or speech problems are likely to be calling about a stroke. Ambiguities and contradictions in dialogue about consciousness level arise during ambulance calls for suspected and confirmed stroke. The online training package improved recognition of stroke by EMDs. Recommendations for future research include testing the effectiveness of the Emergency Stroke Calls: Obtaining Rapid Telephone Triage (ESCORTT) training package on the recognition of stroke across other EMSs in England; and exploring the impact of the early identification of stroke by call handlers on patient and process outcomes.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme.

scholarly journals Level of Adult Client Satisfaction with Clinic Flow Time and Services of an Integrated Non-Communicable Disease-HIV Testing Services Clinic in Soweto, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Lee Hopkins ◽  
Khuthadzo E Hlongwane ◽  
Kennedy Otwombe ◽  
Janan Dietrich ◽  
Mireille Cheyip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Flow Time ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Rapid Testing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Hiv Testing Services

Abstract Background: While HIV Testing Services (HTS) have increased, many South Africans have not been tested. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the top cause of death worldwide. Integrated NCD-HTS could be a strategy to control both epidemics. Healthcare service strategies depends partially on positive user experience. We investigated client satisfaction of services and clinic flow time of an integrated NCD-HTS clinic. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study evaluated HTS client satisfaction with an HTS clinic at two phases. Phase 1 (February–June 2018) utilised standard HTS services: counsellor-led height/weight/BP measurements, HIV rapid testing, and symptoms screening for sexually transmitted infections/Tuberculosis. Phase 2 (June 2018–March 2019) further integrated counsellor-led obesity screening (BMI/abdominal measurements), rapid cholesterol/glucose testing; and nurse-led Chlamydia and HPV/cervical cancer screening. Socio-demographics, proportion of repeat clients, clinic flow time, and client survey data (open/closed-ended questions using five-point Likert scale) are reported. Fisher’s exact test, chi-square analysis, Kruskal Wallis test conducted comparisons. Multiple linear regression determined predictors associated with clinic time. Content thematic analysis was conducted for free response data. Results: 284 and 333 participants were from Phase 1 and 2, respectively (N=617). Phase 1 participants were significantly older (median age 36.5 (28.0–43.0) years vs. 31.0 (25.0–40.0) years; p=0.0003), divorced/widowed (6.7%, [n=19/282] vs. 2.4%, [n=8/332]; p=0.0091); had tertiary education (27.9%, [n=79/283] vs. 20.1%, [n=67/333]; p=0.0234); and were less female (53.9%, [n=153/284] vs 67.6%, [n=225/333]; p=0.0005), compared to Phase 2. Phase 2 had 10.2% repeat clients (n=34/333), and 97.9% (n=320/327) were ‘ very satisfied’ with integrated NCD-HTS, despite standard HTS having significantly shorter median time for counsellor-led HTS (36.5, interquartile range [IQR]: 31.0-45.0 vs. 41.5, IQR: 35.0-51.0; p<0.0001). Phase 2 associations with longer clinic time were clients living together/married (est=6.548; p=0.0467), more tests conducted (est=3.922; p<0.0001), higher overall satisfaction score (est=1.210; p=0.0201). Matriculated clients experienced less clinic time (est=-7.250; p=0.0253). Conclusions: It is possible to integrate counsellor-led NCD rapid testing into standard HTS within historical HTS timeframes, yielding client satisfaction. Rapid cholesterol/glucose testing should be integrated into standard HTS. Research is required on the impact of cervical cancer/HPV screenings to HTS clinic flow to determine if it could be scaled up within the public sector.

scholarly journals 100 Sequential feeding with diets that differ in amino acid content can significantly increase performance of growing and finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Author(s):  
Alini Veira ◽  
Luan S Santos ◽  
Alicia Fraga ◽  
Paulo Campos ◽  
Raphael Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recent studies have shown that feed intake, nutrient metabolism and utilization may vary during the 24-h circadian period. In this regard, this study aimed at evaluating the impact on performance from the switching of conventional to sequential feeding programs with diets that differ in amino acid content over the day for growing–finishing pigs. Sixty-eight 25-kg (±2.04) BW barrows were assigned to 4 feeding programs (17 animals per treatment): 1) conventional feeding (CONV), in which pigs received 100% of standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA recommendations for the entire day; 2) sequential feeding (SEQ80-120), providing 80% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 120% from 1200 to 2359 h; 3) sequential feeding (SEQ70-130) providing 70% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 130% from 1200 to 2359 h; and 4) sequential feeding (SEQ60-140) providing 60% SID AA recommendations from 2400 to 1159 h and 140% from 1200 to 2359 h. The experimental period lasted 82 d and was subdivided in 3 phases: phase 1 (0 to 28 d), phase 2 (29 to 54 d) and phase 3 (55 to 82 d). The data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). SEQ80-120 and SEQ60-140 did not improve performance compared to CONV (P &gt; 0.05). However, ADFI, ADG and BW was higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV during phase 1 (1.49 vs 1.3 kg/d; 0.74 vs 0.65 kg/d; 46.55 vs 43.40 kg, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). During phase 2, BW tended to be higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV (69.20 vs 63.60 kg; P = 0.08). In the entire experimental period, ADFI tended to be higher for SEQ70-130 than CONV (2.08 vs 1.89 kg/d; P = 0.10). According to our results, sequential feeding program improves performance of growing–finishing at the beginning of the period.

scholarly journals MyHEARTSMAP: development and evaluation of a psychosocial self-assessment tool, for and by youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punit Virk ◽  
Samara Laskin ◽  
Rebecca Gokiert ◽  
Chris Richardson ◽  
Mandi Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychosocial Assessment ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related

BackgroundPaediatric mental health-related visits to the emergency department are rising. However, few tools exist to identify concerns early and connect youth with appropriate mental healthcare. Our objective was to develop a digital youth psychosocial assessment and management tool (MyHEARTSMAP) and evaluate its inter-rater reliability when self-administered by a community-based sample of youth and parents.MethodsWe conducted a multiphasic, multimethod study. In phase 1, focus group sessions were used to inform tool development, through an iterative modification process. In phase 2, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two rounds of evaluation, where participants used MyHEARTSMAP to assess 25 fictional cases.ResultsMyHEARTSMAP displays good face and content validity, as supported by feedback from phase 1 focus groups with youth and parents (n=38). Among phase 2 participants (n=30), the tool showed moderate to excellent agreement across all psychosocial sections (κ=0.76–0.98).ConclusionsOur findings show that MyHEARTSMAP is an approachable and interpretable psychosocial assessment and management tool that can be reliably applied by a diverse community sample of youth and parents.

scholarly journals An evaluation of foundation doctor training: a mixed-methods study of the impact on workforce well-being and patient care [the Evaluating the Impact of Doctors in Training (EDiT) study]

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 1-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mason ◽  
C O’Keeffe ◽  
A Carter ◽  
R O’Hara ◽  
C Stride
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundA major reform of junior doctor training was undertaken in 2004–5, with the introduction of foundation training (FT) to address perceived problems with work structure, conditions and training opportunities for postgraduate doctors. The well-being and motivation of junior doctors within the context of this change to training (and other changes such as restrictions in working hours of junior doctors and increasing demand for health care) and the consequent impact upon the quality of care provided is not well understood.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the well-being of foundation year 2 (F2) doctors in training. Phase 1 describes the aims of delivering foundation training with a focus on the role of training in supporting the well-being of F2 doctors and assesses how FT is implemented on a regional basis, particularly in emergency medicine (EM). Phase 2 identifies how F2 doctor well-being and motivation are influenced over F2 and specifically in relation to EM placements and quality of care provided to patients.MethodsPhase 1 used semistructured interviews and focus groups with postgraduate deanery leads, training leads (TLs) and F2 doctors to explore the strategic aims and implementation of FT, focusing on the specialty of EM. Phase 2 was a 12-month online longitudinal study of F2 doctors measuring levels of and changes in well-being and motivation. In a range of specialties, one of which was EM, data from measures of well-being, motivation, intention to quit, confidence and competence and job-related characteristics (e.g. work demands, task feedback, role clarity) were collected at four time points. In addition, we examined F2 doctor well-being in relation to quality of care by reviewing clinical records (criterion-based and holistic reviews) during the emergency department (ED) placement relating to head injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).ResultsPhase 1 of the study found that variation exists in how successfully FT is implemented locally; F2 lacks a clearly defined end point; there is a minimal focus on the well-being of F2 doctors (only on the few already shown to be ‘in difficulty’); the ED presented a challenging but worthwhile learning environment requiring a significant amount of support from senior ED staff; and disagreement existed about the performance and confidence levels of F2 doctors. A total of 30 EDs in nine postgraduate medical deaneries participated in phase 2 with 217 foundation doctors completing the longitudinal study. F2 doctors reported significantly increased confidence in managing common acute conditions and undertaking practical procedures over their second foundation year, with the biggest increase in confidence and competence associated with their ED placement. F2 doctors had levels of job satisfaction and anxiety/depression that were comparable to or better than those of other NHS workers, and adequate quality and safety of care are being provided for head injury and COPD.ConclusionsThere are ongoing challenges in delivering high-quality FT at the local level, especially in time-pressured specialties such as EM. There are also challenges in how FT detects and manages doctors who are struggling with their work. The survey was the first to document the well-being of foundation doctors over the course of their second year, and average scores compared well with those of other doctors and health-care workers. F2 doctors are benefiting from the training provided as we found improvements in perceived confidence and competence over the year, with the ED placement being of most value to F2 doctors in this respect. Although adequate quality of care was demonstrated, we found no significant relationships between well-being of foundation doctors and the quality of care they provided to patients, suggesting the need for further work in this area.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

scholarly journals Analisa Pengaruh Luas Penampang Penghantar dan Cuaca Terhadap Rugi Daya Akibat Korona Pada SUTT 150 kV (Studi Kasus: Gardu Induk Bangkalan – Gardu Induk Sampang)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Ibnu Hajar ◽  
Tito Dias Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corona Losses

PT. PLN (PERSERO) as a state-owned company responsible in the electricity sector is required to improve the quality of electricity transmission. In the transmission of electrical power to consumers will be got losses of power. Raising the voltage is an alternative to this problem but it creates new problems because the higher the voltage has increased the corona will occur. The impact of the corona in addition to damaging equipment, noise, and disturbing radio waves, the corona also causes power losses that are proportional to the length of the transmission line. This study uses a quantitative method, by calculating the corona power losses by comparing 4 different cross-sectional areas of the conductor and 4 different air temperatures. The results of this study found that the smaller the cross-sectional area of the conductor the power losses due to corona are smaller, conversely the greater the cross-sectional area the greater the power losses. At the smallest cross-sectional area of 282.6 mm2, the power losses that occurred were 2.013% and at the largest cross-sectional area of 378.7 mm2, the power losses were 5.251%. While the influence of air temperature, the lowest corona losses occur at 29 0C which are 1,223,886 kW and the biggest occur at 24 0C which are 1,373,419 kW, so the higher the air temperature the smaller the corona losses, conversely the lower the air temperature than the higher the corona losses that occur.

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