scholarly journals Gay Bars and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greggor Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Gay Bars ◽  
Online Business ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Relative Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Methodological Artifact

This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 pandemic public closure orders on business listings for gay bars. Recent studies have shown gay bars to be quite vulnerable, with listings showing a 36.6% decline between 2007 and 2019. To supplement historic data from comprehensive printed listings, the Damron Guide, we conducted a census of online business listings. We verified each listing in the 2019 edition, also searching for new bars that were not included in that version. Results show that gay bar listings declined by 15.2% between 2019 and Spring 2021. This compares, however, to a 14.4% decline for 2017 and 2019, indicating a surprisingly stable rate of decline. This stability may be a methodological artifact, but may also reflect the relative resources of surviving gay bars going into pandemic, and/or their continuing vulnerability and precarity.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who are elderly or have comorbidities

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Glaspole ◽  
Francesco Bonella ◽  
Elena Bargagli ◽  
Marilyn K. Glassberg ◽  
Fabian Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Treatment Discontinuation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) predominantly affects individuals aged > 60 years who have several comorbidities. Nintedanib is an approved treatment for IPF, which reduces the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC). We assessed the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with IPF who were elderly and who had multiple comorbidities. Methods Data were pooled from five clinical trials in which patients were randomised to receive nintedanib 150 mg twice daily or placebo. We assessed outcomes in subgroups by age < 75 versus ≥ 75 years, by < 5 and ≥ 5 comorbidities, and by Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ≤ 3 and > 3 at baseline. Results The data set comprised 1690 patients. Nintedanib reduced the rate of decline in FVC (mL/year) over 52 weeks versus placebo in patients aged ≥ 75 years (difference: 105.3 [95% CI 39.3, 171.2]) (n = 326) and < 75 years (difference 125.2 [90.1, 160.4]) (n = 1364) (p = 0.60 for treatment-by-time-by-subgroup interaction), in patients with < 5 comorbidities (difference: 107.9 [95% CI 65.0, 150.9]) (n = 843) and ≥ 5 comorbidities (difference 139.3 [93.8, 184.8]) (n = 847) (p = 0.41 for treatment-by-time-by-subgroup interaction) and in patients with CCI score ≤ 3 (difference: 106.4 [95% CI 70.4, 142.4]) (n = 1330) and CCI score > 3 (difference: 129.5 [57.6, 201.4]) (n = 360) (p = 0.57 for treatment-by-time-by-subgroup interaction). The adverse event profile of nintedanib was generally similar across subgroups. The proportion of patients with adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation was greater in patients aged ≥ 75 years than < 75 years in both the nintedanib (26.4% versus 16.0%) and placebo (12.2% versus 10.8%) groups. Similarly the proportion of patients with adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation was greater in patients with ≥ 5 than < 5 comorbidities (nintedanib: 20.5% versus 15.7%; placebo: 12.1% versus 10.0%). Conclusions Our findings suggest that the effect of nintedanib on reducing the rate of FVC decline is consistent across subgroups based on age and comorbidity burden. Proactive management of adverse events is important to reduce the impact of adverse events and help patients remain on therapy. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00514683, NCT01335464, NCT01335477, NCT02788474, NCT01979952.

scholarly journals An assessment of the impact of climate change on the financial performance of South African companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandla Moyo ◽  
Hermina Christina Wingard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
South African ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Johannesburg Stock Exchange ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
The Impact

South African companies face uncertainty about whether they should commit resources to mitigate vulnerabilities and exploit opportunities arising from climate change. There is ambiguity over whether responding to climate change materially affects the financial sustainability of South African companies. The study sought to establish the extent to which responding to climate change impacts financial performance. Secondary analysis of historic data was used to compare the climate-change performance of 70 Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed companies to indicators of their financial performance. The research concluded that there is a positive and statistically significant correlation between climate-change performance and financial performance

scholarly journals The Impact of the Spanish-to-English Proficiency Shift on the Grammaticality of English Learners

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1739-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
David Francis ◽  
Aquiles Iglesias ◽  
Kevin Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Bilingual Programs ◽  
Bilingual Instruction ◽  
English Only ◽  
Language Growth ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The general aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of the patterns of language growth in Spanish and English during the school years. In this study, we used a longitudinal retrospective approach to explore the growth of the percentage of grammatical utterances (PGU) in both Spanish and English in 2 groups of English learners (ELs): ELs attending English-only instruction and ELs attending Spanish–English bilingual instruction. Method The participants included 1,080 ELs. ELs produced at least 3 story retells in both Spanish and English between kindergarten and 2nd grade. All stories were transcribed and coded for errors, and PGU was calculated for each story. Results At the onset of the study, children showed higher PGU in Spanish and lower PGU in English. Growth curve analysis indicated that PGU in English improved over time, whereas PGU in Spanish declined in both instructional groups. However, those children who were in bilingual programs showed a slower rate of decline in Spanish PGU and a slower rate of improvement in English PGU. By the age of 9 years, children in English-only programs had approximately a Spanish PGU of 65% in Spanish, whereas children in bilingual instruction had an average Spanish PGU of 80%. The improvement in English PGU was steady with a small difference in the rate of growth benefiting children in English-only programs. Conclusion The results of this study document a shift in language proficiency from Spanish to English during the school years. This study offers evidence of a temporary period of relatively low grammaticality in both languages that seems to be the result of a shift in proficiency from Spanish to English.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gastrointestinal infection trends in England, February - July 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola K Love ◽  
Alex J Elliot ◽  
Rachel Chalmers ◽  
Amy Douglas ◽  
Saheer Gharbia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
Gi Infections ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To establish the impact of the first six months of the COVID-19 outbreak response of gastrointestinal (GI) infection trends in England. Design: Retrospective ecological study using routinely collected national and regional surveillance data from eight Public Health England coordinated laboratory, outbreak and syndromic surveillance systems using key dates of UK governmental policy change to assign phases for comparison between 2020 and historic data. Results: Decreases in GI illness activity were observed across all surveillance indicators as COVID-19 cases began to peak. Compared to the 5-year average (2015-2019), during the first six months of the COVD-19 response, there was a 52% decrease in GI outbreaks reported (1,544 vs. 3,208 (95% CI: 2,938 - 3,478) and a 34% decrease in laboratory confirmed cases (27,859 vs. 42,495 (95% CI: 40,068 - 44,922). GI indicators began to rise during the first lockdown and lockdown easing, although all remained substantially lower than historic figures. Reductions in laboratory confirmed cases were observed across all age groups and both sexes, with geographical heterogeneity observed in diagnosis trends. Health seeking behaviour changed substantially, with attendances decreasing prior to lockdown across all indicators. Conclusions: There has been a marked change in trends of GI infections in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The drivers of this change are likely to be multifactorial; while changes in health seeking behaviour, pressure on diagnostic services and surveillance system ascertainment have undoubtably played a role there has likely been a true decrease in the incidence for some pathogens resulting from the control measures and restrictions implemented. This suggests that if some of these changes in behaviour such as improved hand hygiene were maintained, then we could potentially see sustained reductions in the burden of GI illness.

Regions of Russia in the acute phase of the COVID crisis: differences from previous economic crises of the 2000s

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Zubarevich ◽  
S.G. Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Recession Rates ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the dynamics of socio-economic development of Russian regions and their budgets in the acute phase of the COVID crisis in April–May 2020. Differences in recession rates were identified, caused not only by the severity of quarantine measures that affected consumption indicators, but also by the structure of regional economies, which had a stronger effect on the dynamics of industrial production and budget revenues. The rapid increase in registered unemployment in almost all regions is due to the impact of quarantine restrictions on the market services sector, which is most developed in large cities, as well as institutional measures (increase in the amount of benefits and facilitation of registration). The regional dynamics of the main indicators was compared during the three crises of the 2000s and significant differences were revealed in the distribution of regions according to the rate of decline. The regional profile of each crisis was different, due to its factors, risk zones, duration and depth of the fall. The COVID crisis is compounded by the fact that in most regions the recession of the previous crisis of 2015 has not yet been compensated, which may lead to a protracted exit from the 2020 crisis.

scholarly journals The Impact of Trust on Performance in a Supply Chain: Bridging the Gap Between Reliability and Power

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Carmella D. Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Online Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Overtime, as trends are steady changing, companies are steady growing. From online business to multiple locations across the globe, companies are not just growing in revenue and reputation but also in staff. Most companies focus on building processes and relationships amongst staff through thorough communication. However, sometimes, it can be difficult in implementing processes and relationships with staff due to reliability and power. With these two factors, many people can either thrive in their interactions or otherwise, be unsuccessful.In many studies, reliability and power are two known components that helps reflect performance in a supply chain. However, what bridges the gap between reliability and power? What makes an individual validate a person as reliable and powerful? What makes a process implemented in the supply chain reliable and powerful? This paper implies that trust is a component that bridge the gap between the two constructs. An individual or process that is reliable will often be trusted and obtain powerful exchanges. This paper will address and evaluate the relationship between trust, power, and reliability. The paper will briefly show a constructed model to illustrate the relationship between the variables and how it affects performance in a supply chain. Next, limitations of research will be addressed followed by suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals The impact of scoliosis surgery on pulmonary function in spinal muscular atrophy: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abduljabber Alhammoud ◽  
Yahya Othman ◽  
Ron El-Hawary ◽  
William G. Mackenzie ◽  
Jason J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Scoliosis Surgery ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Function Testing

AbstractScoliosis often occurs coincident with pulmonary function deterioration in spinal muscular atrophy but a causal relationship has not yet been reliably established. A systematic literature review was performed, with pulmonary function testing being the primary outcome pre- and post-scoliosis surgery. Levels of evidence were determined and GRADE recommendations made. Ninety studies were identified with only 14 meeting inclusion criteria. Four studies were level III and the rest were level IV evidence. The average age at surgical intervention was 11.8 years (follow-up 6.1 years). Post-operative pulmonary function progressively declined for the majority of studies. Otherwise, pulmonary function: improved (two studies), were unchanged (two studies), had a decreased rate of decline (three studies), declined initially then returned to baseline (two studies). Respiratory and spine-based complications were common. Given the available evidence, the following GRADE C recommendations were made: (1) surgery is most often associated with decreases in pulmonary function; (2) the impact of surgery on pulmonary function is variable, but does not improve over pre-operative baseline; (3) surgery may result in a decreased rate of decline in pulmonary function post-operatively. Given this lack of evidence-based support, the risk–benefit balance should be taken into consideration when contemplating scoliosis surgery.

scholarly journals The Coronavirus Disease Pandemic 2019 [COVID-19]: Impact on NHS England PET-CT Scanning 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Lup Wong ◽  
Peter Ross ◽  
Kevin Peters ◽  
Marion Frenz ◽  
Tong Hai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PET-CT scanning activity across England. Methods Monthly PET-CT scanning activity was collected from 41/48 NHS England provider sites. Data from 31/41sites was stratified by non-oncology/oncology and cancer type. Lung cancer and lymphoma activity was split into specific indications. The data was compiled in Excel and analysed using Stata software to assess distribution and statistical significance of variation in activity comparing levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results In April and May 2020 a 32% and 31% decrease in activity was observed; a larger decrease for non-cancer compared with cancer PET-CT. In June 2020 PET-CT activity started to recover with 6% fewer scans recorded compared with June 2019. Decrease and recovery varied according to cancer types. Of the six most common indications for PET CT, lung and oesophageal cancer had the largest decrease in activity: lung -29%, -45% and oesophagus -43%, -59% in April and May respectively, and slowest recovery, -23%, -26% respectively in June. By contrast, lymphoma and melanoma showed the smallest decrease: lymphoma -14%, -9%; melanoma -16%, +5% in April and May respectively, and fastest recovery +12% lymphoma +14% respectively. Specifically, lung cancer PET-CTs related to initial diagnosis and staging saw the largest fall and slowest recovery compared with PET-CTs for people with known lung cancer. Conclusions There was considerable variation in the rate of decline and recovery in PET-CT scanning across cancer types and specific indications related to the cancer type. The causes for the variation remain to be explained.

scholarly journals DAMPAK BISNIS ONLINE TERHADAP FLUKTUASI PENJUALAN DI KOPERASI DALEM SELATAN (KDS) KAMILAH WILAYAH FATIMATUZZAHRO’ PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL JADID

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
H. Najiburrahman Wahid ◽  
Nur Halima
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Promotion Strategy ◽  
Price Discounts ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Sales And Marketing ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Online Business ◽  
The Impact

This research is motivated by the development of times that are very rapid and increasingly modern so as to provide a boost to system changes both in terms of transactions, sales and marketing. The rise of virtual commerce or what is often called Online Business has a big influence on trade in the real world, as happened in our KDS in the Fathimatuzzahra ’PP region. Nurul Jadid. Before the online business that entered the KDS pesantren we experienced an increase in sales. However, after the existence of an online business that is increasingly prevalent in boarding schools causing fluctuations in sales at KDS, we are.This research was carried out to find out: (1) the impact that arises with the existence of an online business against fluctuations in sales in the KDS cooperative. (2) Steps of KDS cooperatives We are in maintaining consumer interest.Online business is a business whose trade is connected through the internet network. Sales fluctuations are the rate of dynamic change in the supply or production of producer goods within a certain period of time. Whereas KDS We are a business unit of pesantren which is different in nature from kopresai in general. This research is a type of qualitative research. This study chose a business unit in the Fatimatuzzahro region in the Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School. The technique of collecting data uses observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data is tested by triangulation. Data analysis techniques in the form of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion.         After carrying out the research, the researcher concluded that the impact arising from the proliferation of Online sales was the decrease in KDS income. We were based on the monthly sales report of KDS. We were. and the steps taken to overcome the problem of decreasing income in our KDS are by increasing the promotion strategy, lottery coupons and price discounts.

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