scholarly journals Economic Cost of Absentee and Dropout Students in Public Schools of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ram Rekha Roy ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Resource Loss ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Using Data

High absenteeism and dropout rates in school are considered one of the major stumbling blocks in achieving educational goals in developing countries. Absentees and dropouts impose a large resource cost on the educational system and the society. The study examines the economic cost of absentee and dropout students in public schools of Nepal. Using data from public schools in a rural municipality in Nepal, the study estimates the unit cost of absentee and dropout students by level. Cost of human resource, stationery, utility and fixed costs of building and furniture were the components for estimating unit costs. The findings reveal that the unit cost of students was equivalent to U.S. $295, 130 and 143 for primary, lower-secondary, and secondary levels respectively, and an average of U.S. $189 overall. The resource loss due to dropout was around 28, 12, and 11 percent of the total resource spent for primary, lower secondary and secondary levels respectively with an average of around 16 percent. The combined resource loss from dropouts and absentees were found to be 39, 23 and 20 percent for the different levels. On average, 26 percent of the public-school resource was lost due to dropouts and absentees. The main causes of dropout and absenteeism were the lack of interest, motivation of parents and the children to attend the school. The study suggests the need for more comprehensive and in depth study for effective policy formulation to address this problem.

Do charter schools alleviate the negative effect of teacher turnover?

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlerik Naslund ◽  
Branco Ponomariov
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Charter Schools ◽  
Teacher Turnover ◽  
Public School Districts ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

Using data on charter and public school districts in Texas, we test the hypothesis that the labor practices in charter schools, in particular their ability to easily dismiss poorly performing teachers, diminishes the negative effect of teacher turnover on student achievement and graduation rates in comparison to public schools. We find some support for this hypothesis, and discuss implications for theory and practice.

RELEVANSI PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN MUKTI ALI DALAM PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA ERA MILENIUM

10.54090/mu.6 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nashir Wahid
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Educational Values ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Ministerial Decree ◽  
Educational Thinking

Mukti Ali's thoughts can provide new enthusiasm for re-examining Indonesia's educational goals now. The idea of education of Mukti Ali has given color to the concept of education in Indonesia. This can be seen by the revision of the concept of the Indonesian education curriculum into the 2013 curriculum. The 2013 curriculum simply wants to integrate various values of education in learning. The focus of this paper discusses who Mukti Ali is in education and how the concepts and relevance of Mukti Ali's education to Indonesia in the millennium era. To support the writing, the writer traced through several sources, namely through the original book by Mukti Ali and related supporting sources. The results of this paper explain that the concept of Mukti Ali's educational thinking is based on scientific concepts, national concepts, and humanitarian concepts. With these three focuses of thought, Mukti Ali seeks to develop civilization and education through the results of the Decree of the 3 Ministerial Decree, namely the existence of the same degree of graduates of public schools and madrasas. This means that Mukti Ali has initiated the concept of non-dichotomic education, the integration of educational values between religion, humans, and society. Whereas further the concept of Mukti Ali's education has been implemented by basic education institutions (SD / MI, SMP / MTs), secondary and vocational (high school, high school / MA, MAK) and higher education both private and public in Indonesia.

A Survey on Building Recommendation Systems Using Data Mining Techniques

2022 ◽  
pp. 24-56
Author(s):  
Rajab Ssemwogerere ◽  
Wamwoyo Faruk ◽  
Nambobi Mutwalibi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Data Mining Technique ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Learning Hypothesis ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data

Classification is a data mining technique or approach used to estimate the grouped membership of items on a basis of a common feature. This technique is virtuous for future planning and discovering new knowledge about a specific dataset. An in-depth study of previous pieces of literature implementing data mining techniques in the design of recommender systems was performed. This chapter provides a broad study of the way of designing recommender systems using various data mining classification techniques of machine learning and also exploiting their methodological decisions in four aspects, the recommendation approaches, data mining techniques, recommendation types, and performance measures. This study focused on some selected classification methods and can be so supportive for both the researchers and the students in the field of computer science and machine learning in strengthening their knowledge about the machine learning hypothesis and data mining.

Multiplex livelihoods in rural Africa: recasting the terms and conditions of gainful employment

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Fahy Bryceson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Recent Case Study ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Rural Africa ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Citing recent case study evidence from various parts of Africa, this article argues that the income diversification efforts of most rural dwellers over the past decade have been directed at meeting daily needs amidst declining returns to commercial agriculture. Individuals and households have experimented with new forms of livelihood, expanding their non-agricultural income sources, while retaining their base in subsistence farming. Various livelihood patterns are emerging, depending on historical, geographical and agro-ecological factors at local and national levels. Livelihood experimentation has catalysed overlapping arenas of dynamic change, notably disequilibria between households and individual members, tensions between generations, the recalibration of gender power balances, and a search for new social networks. So far this surge of livelihood ‘multiplexity’ has not generated adequate overall levels of gainful employment, technical innovation, purchasing power or welfare improvement. Thus, probing the complex interplay of economic, social, cultural and political dynamics in rural Africa becomes all the more essential for effective policy formulation.

scholarly journals Risks of Glaciers Lakes Outburst Flood along China Pakistan Economic Corridor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saifullah ◽  
Shiyin Liu ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Outburst Floods ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Hunza River

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) passes through the Hunza River basin of Pakistan. The current study investigates the creation and effects of end moraine, supra-glacial, and barrier lakes by field visits and remote sensing techniques along the CPEC in the Hunza River basin. The surging and moraine type glaciers are considered the most dangerous type of glaciers that cause Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the study basin. It can be concluded from the 40 years observations of Karakoram glaciers that surge-type and non-surge-type glaciers are not significantly different with respect to mass change. The recurrent surging of Khurdopin Glacier resulted in the creation of Khurdopin Glacial Lake in the Shimshal valley of the Hunza River basin. Such glacial lakes offer main sources of freshwater; however, when their dams are suddenly breached and water drained, catastrophic GLOFs appear and pose a great threat to people and infrastructure in downstream areas. This situation calls for an in-depth study on GLOF risks along the CPEC route and incorporation of GLOF for future policy formulation in the country for the CPEC project so that the government may take serious action for prevention, response to GLOFs, and rehabilitation and reconstruction of the areas.

scholarly journals The Effect of Teacher’s Pedagogical Competence on Students’ Learning Achievement

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Fatmawada S ◽  
Rani Maswati ◽  
Krismayati Krismiyati
Keyword(s):  
School Principals ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Office Management ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to determine and explain the effect of teacher pedagogical competence on students achievement in the Office Management Automation Department of YAPIS Biak Vocational High School. This study uses an associative approach with descriptive statistical data analysis techniques with percentage, mean and standard deviation and statistical analysis of inference by using data normality tests, product moment correlations, and simple linear regression. The results of this study state that teacher’s pedagogical competence significantly influences the students achievement, therefore it is recommended that school personnel, especially school principals and teachers, should improve the quality of teacher pedagogical competencies, so that student achievement can be better for the achievement of educational goals at school.

scholarly journals As razões das diferenças de desempenho acadêmico na América Latina: dados qualitativos do Brasil, Chile e Cuba

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (206-07-08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Carnoy ◽  
Amber Gove ◽  
Jeffery Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Observation Instrument ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Analysis Of Teaching

Apresenta os resultados de uma análise de práticas de ensino, utilizando dados do Brasil, do Chile e de Cuba. Esses dados incluem fitas de vídeo de 10 a 12 aulas de matemática para a 3ª série de cada país. Cada fita foi analisada mediante um instrumento de observação que enfoca a estrutura da turma, seu nível de engajamento e outros indicadores de processo. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado um sistema de mensuração do nível de conteúdo, visando entender o conceito da aula, o nível de demanda cognitiva e a interação entre a professora e a turma. Em conjunto, esses dois instrumentos são utilizados para aprofundar a análise das variações na pontuação obtida nos testes por Cuba e pelos demais países latino-americanos. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas entre as aulas observadas nos três países, tanto em relação às práticas adotadas pelos professores no manejo das classes, quanto no que diz respeito à dificuldade relativa dos conteúdos abordados. As aulas cubanas e as aulas das escolas privadas conveniadas do Chile se destacaram positivamente em comparação com aquelas observadas nas escolas brasileiras e nas escolas públicas chilenas. Palavras-chave: práticas de ensino; educação matemática; ensino fundamental; educação comparada; Brasil, Chile, Cuba. Abstract The paper presents the results of an analysis of teaching practices, using data of Brazil, Chile and Cuba. Those data include videos from 10 to 12 mathematics classes for to 3rd grades of each country. Each video was analyzed by means of an observation instrument that focuses the structure of the group, the engagement level and other process indicators. In addition, a system of content level was used, seeking to understand the concept of the class, the level of cognitive demand and the interaction between the teacher and the group. Those two instruments are jointly used to deepen the analysis of the variations in the punctuation obtained in the tests by Cuba and by the other Latin-American countries. The results reveal significant differences among the classes observed within the three countries, so much in relation to the practices adopted by the teachers in the handling of the classes, as in what concerns the relative difficulty of the approached contents. The Cuban classes and the classes of private schools in Chile stood out positively in comparison with those observed at the Brazilian schools and at Chilean public schools. Keywords: teaching practices; mathematics teaching; basic education; comparative study: Brazil, Chile, Cuba.

scholarly journals Reasons for Parents' Reluctance to Register their Children in Public Education in Kindergarten in the State of Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-287
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Private Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
After School ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Government Education ◽  
The State Of Kuwait

The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons for parents' reluctance to register their children in public education and their preference for private education in kindergarten in the State of Kuwait. The study used the analytical descriptive methodology, and 311 questionnaires were randomly distributed to parents of children in private schools. This study found some recurring reasons for refraining from general education as follows: (a) The curriculum in public education does not include teaching foreign languages, (b) The frequent absence of children in public schools because of the lack of awareness of parents about the importance of the kindergarten stage, (c) The non-serious attitude of the Public Education Department in implementing the educational goals, (d) The inability of teachers to apply the curriculum in public education sector and understand the nature of the kindergarten stage, (e) The lack of after-school service programs and overcrowding of the students in public schools. The study recommends reducing the number of students in public schools, teaching foreign languages, like English, and raising general awareness among the teachers so that they would teach effectively. Keywords: Private Education; public education; kindergarten; reluctance to education; education; government education

scholarly journals An Alternative Planning Perspective for Regional Growth and Development in Pakistan

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Akmal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Disparity ◽  
Regional Economic Disparity ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Provincial Autonomy

In Pakistan, historically, regional economic disparity has been an important political issue. During the 1960’s the economic disparity between East and West Pakistan fueled the movement for provincial autonomy in East Pakistan and subsequently the movement for national independence in what became Bangladesh in 1971. During the late 1970’s and 1980’s the issue of regional disparity between the provinces of what remains of Pakistan has acquired an explosive potential. However, this is an issue that has been charged by emotion, and it may be time now to begin a serious analysis to enable effective policy formulation to overcome the problem.

scholarly journals Integration Versus Meritocracy? Competing Educational Goals During the COVID-19 Pandemic

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110657
Author(s):  
Elise Castillo ◽  
Molly Vollman Makris ◽  
Mira Debs
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Equity And Access ◽  
Democratic Equality ◽  
The Individual

Alongside the immediate challenges of operating schools during the COVID-19 pandemic, over the past year, parents, students, and policymakers around the country have also debated equity and access to some of the country’s most elite and segregated public schools. This qualitative case study examines how New York City activists conceptualized educational equity during the pandemic. Conceptually framed by Labaree’s (1997) typology of the three competing purposes of education—democratic equality, social efficiency, and social mobility—we document different lessons learned from the pandemic by integration activists, who emphasized school integration for democratic equality; and meritocratic activists, who prioritized retaining the existing stratified system mainly to foster social mobility and social efficiency. Our findings highlight the challenge of sustaining a vision oriented around the public good amid powerful framings emphasizing the individual purposes of education.

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