scholarly journals Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of rainbow trout farms for the evaluation of potential threat to natural streams in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Payaswini Ghimire ◽  
Archana Niraula ◽  
Anuradha Rai ◽  
Aastha Pandey ◽  
Smriti Gurung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Streams ◽  
Trout Farms

 Three trout farms from Nepal were studied to investigate the changes in physico-chemical parameters and their potential threat to natural water bodies receiving the effluents. Reference and impact sites were determined in each farm so as to find out the level of impacts due to farming activities. Some of the parameters such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, and total dissolve solids were significantly changed in the impacted zones compared to reference sites. Similarly, concentrations of some major ions such as calcium and sodium were increased in the impacted zones. On the other hand, some of the parameters such as pH and potassium did not change in the impacted zone although their concentrations were different among farms studied. Nevertheless, the overall changes in the physico-chemical parameters did not pose health risk to the aquatic ecosystems receiving effluents from these fish farms as the concentrations were below the prescribed levels by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as Nepal Environment Statistics. This is an indication that, although fish farming activities are degrading water qualities, there is no threat to the water quality receiving the effluents yet probably due to small scale farming. The increase in number of fish farms in the same area, however might pose risk to the ecological health in the region which warrants regular monitoring.  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-6, Issue-2, Mar-May 2017, Page: 43-55

scholarly journals Assessment of The Impacts of Trout Farming on Water Quality Using Macro Invertebrates as Bio- Indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Anuradha Rai ◽  
Archana Niraula ◽  
Payaswini Ghimire ◽  
Aastha Pandey ◽  
Anu Gurung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Multiple Site ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Invertebrate Assemblages ◽  
Trout Farms ◽  
The Impact

The study was conducted to assess the impacts of trout farming on water quality using macro invertebrates as bio-indicators. Two trout farms were selected for the study, viz., Gandaki Trout Farm (GTF) in Kaski district and Fall & Trout Fish Farm (FTF) in Nuwakot district. Reference and impacted sites were selected in each trout farms from where macro invertebrates were collected and physico-chemical parameters were measured. Sorensen’s Index and Multiple Site Similarity Index were calculated to compare the macro-invertebrate assemblages between the impact and the reference sites. Water quality classes were also calculated using macro invertebrate-based tool, NEPBIOS/ASPT scores. Altogether 24 families of macro invertebrates were observed at GTF and 12 families at FTF. The Sorensen’s Similarity Index was greater than 0.5 between reference and impacted sites at GTF; whereas it was only 0.28 at FTF indicating comparatively low level of similarity. In addition, Multiple Site Similarity Index (0.64) at GTF also indicated high similarity between the macro invertebrate assemblages. Reference sites showed higher scores with higher diversity of macro invertebrates. Both farms had suitable water quality for trout (dissolved oxygen and temperature) and most of the physico-chemical parameters did not show significant differences except pH and turbidity at GTF probably due to small scale operation and production. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 175-182

scholarly journals Real time monitoring of water Quality using IoT and Deep learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 01059
Author(s):  
Saloua Senhaji ◽  
Mohamed Hamlich ◽  
Mohammed Ouazzani Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Single Board Computer ◽  
Physico Chemical

Access to safe drinking water is one of the most pressing issues facing many developing countries. Water must meet Environmental Protection Agency (E.P.A.) requirements. The normal method of measuring physico-chemical parameters is to take samples manually and send them to the laboratory to check the water quality. In this paper, we proposed a new intelligent design of a real-time water quality monitoring system using Deep Learning technology. This system is composed of several sensors that allow us to measure water parameters (physico-chemical parameters), bacteriological parameters and organoleptic parameters) and to detect the presence of certain substances (undesirable substances, toxic substances) and of a single-board/mobile computer module, Internet and other accessories. Water parameters are automatically detected by the single-board computer. Raspberry Pi3 model B. The single board computer receives the data from the sensors and this data is sent to the web server using the Internet module. It is able to detect the water quality situation worldwide. The data will be analysed in real time. The application of deep learning to these areas has been an important research topic. The Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network has been shown to be well suited for processing and predicting large events with long intervals and delays in the time series. LSTM networks have the ability to retain long-term memory.

scholarly journals Current bacterial diseases of fresh water fishes

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Jeremic ◽  
Vladimir Radosavljevic ◽  
Dobrila Jakic-Dimic
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Fish Pathology ◽  
Trout Farms

From the beginning of fish cultivation, diseases have appeared as a serious problem in this branch of agriculture. In recent years, by the intensifying of production, fish diseases have become even more significant and complex field. Bacterial diseases are constant threat for fish farming, and because of rapid course and severity of clinical manifestations the represent significant part of fish pathology, and also have great economical importance. Harmful effects of bacterial diseases on fishes are: increased morbidity and mortality rate, decreased feed conversion efficiency, decreased growth rates, weakening of fishes, and reproduction problems. In order to examine epizootiological situation and occurrence of bacterial diseases among cultured fish in Serbia, three year research was carried out in 7 carp farms and 3 rainbow trout farms. Also, regular systematic examinations were conducted. Samples of internal organs, skin and gills were inoculated with streak-plate technique on standard and differential culture media plates. Inoculated plates were incubated for 24-48 hours at 20?C and 30?C. After incubation period, colonies were examined, and determination was done on the basis of following characteristics of colonies: form, color, mucosity granulation, roughness and hemolytic properties. Determination of bacterial isolates was done by using API 20E, API rapid. API Coryne systems, and by agglutination method with hyper immune aera. The most frequent diseases among the farmed carp and rainbow trout populations in the examined fish farms were: Bacterial gill disease, Columnaris disease. Yersiniosis Renibacteriosis, Erythrodermatitis. Motile Aeromonas and Pseudomonas infections. Based on the obtained results, modern diagnostic methods were implemented and proper prevention and successful therapy was taken.

scholarly journals A validated protocol for fish farm monitoring using environmental DNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Pochon ◽  
Susie Wood ◽  
Javier Atalah ◽  
Lauren Fletcher ◽  
Olivier Laroche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Biotic Index ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Sea-based fish farms are associated with strong benthic enrichment gradients and routine monitoring is usually required by regulation. Internationally a wide range of approaches exist for measuring the degree of benthic deterioration around fish farming activities, ranging from simple visual or odour assessments to the calculation of secondary indices that combine multiple biological and/or physico-chemical metrics (e.g., AZTI Marine Biotic Index; Invertebrate Species Index; Norwegian Quality Index; Infauna Trophic Index). In New Zealand, the health of marine benthic ecosystems around coastal salmon farms is currently measured using an Enrichment State (ES) index. This index incorporates physico-chemical (redox, organic matter, sulphates, etc.) and benthic macrofaunal measurements, which requires taxonomic expertise, is time consuming and expensive. Supported by a range of private/government agencies and industry partners, we have developed and tested the robustness of bacterial, eukaryotic, and multi-trophic Metabarcoding Biotic Indices (b-MBI, e-MBI, and mt-MBI, respectively) using a molecular Eco-Group approach. The indices were calculated via automatic computer pipelines using data collected over a period of nine years from a range of high- and low-flow salmon farms (12 farms and 60 stations) from three distinct regions in New Zealand. The MBIs were compared against the established ES index. All MBIs yielded strong and highly significant relationships with the ES index. The strongest relationships (R2 > 0.9) were obtained with the b-MBI. A refinement of the b-MBI (2019-2020) was supported by highly prolific microbes throughout the ES spectrum, and in particular in the upper end of the organic enrichment scale where traditional benthic indices tend to fail. This resulted in ES values of both (molecular-based versus morphology-based) indices to follow a near one-to-one relationship, performing consistently across water flow environments and considered sub-regions. Station-averaged results were also used to compare regulated compliance outcomes between the two indices, based on the current key compliance criteria for farms within each flow regime. Of the 67 seabed monitoring stations that were subsequently classified as compliant or non‑compliant, 62 stations had identical compliance outcomes (i.e. 92% of instances). Furthermore, the b-MBI showed consistently narrower (~50%) confidence interval bands when compared to the traditional ES index. The b-MBI offers unprecedented precision for determining subtle changes along enrichment gradients, constituting a valuable asset for triggering timely management responses and improving compliance. The protocols developed in this project enable rapid, standardised, and cost-effective eDNA isolation and extraction, followed by automatic b-MBI calculation. The affordability and versatility of the b-MBI tool suggests that it could be immediately integrated into current monitoring strategies as the primary benthic assessment tool for assessing benthic impacts of salmon farms in New Zealand.

Experiences and lessons learned from six years of government-led inland aquaculture development projects in northwest Namibia, 2004-2009.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panduleni Ndinelago Elago
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Aquaculture Development

Abstract The Government of Namibia addresses food security and poverty reduction through the development of rural sectors, including fisheries and aquaculture. Freshwater aquaculture is recognized as a potential target for sustainable development. The Government of Namibia, together with the Government of Spain signed an agreement in 2003 to establish the Inland Aquaculture Centre (IAC), to demonstrate the possibilities of fish farming activities in the northwest of Namibia and in the country at large. Seven hundred new small-scale fish farms (SSFF's) were identified to participate in fish farming activities. Around 300+ farmers received an approximate total of 550,000 fingerlings over 5 years. With the extension of the project in 2007-2009 through strengthening of extension services on inland aquaculture development, under the 'Aquaculture in Northern Namibia' (ANN) Project umbrella, an extra 100 or more new farmers were identified. Results show that the extension services managed to assist in fish harvests for 114 SSFF's with 9560 kg of tilapia and 1556 kg of catfish harvested. The project's findings highlighted difficulties in accurately measuring fish production. Most fish farmers are located in a region where they only have enough water for fish culture during 5 months of the year. Also, many of the ponds they were using were incorrectly constructed and not suitable for fish farming. Farms in areas such as these, in hindsight, were unrealistic targets for aquaculture development, and it is the opinion of the author that it is important to re-direct effort and resources towards those able to farm with a good water supply for at least 10-12 months of the year. As of July 2010 the question remains unanswered; can fish farming in northwest Namibia be sustainable and economically viable with the current level of government extension, infrastructure and locally available resources? The author suggests that this will be possible in the next 5 years, once the government, together with the private sector and NGOs join to re-assess their current sets of objectives, which are, at present, too ambitious. Improvements could be made by implementing a better strategy, directing resources at a smaller number of sustainable, successful fish farmers rather than a larger number that include more inefficient farms. Large numbers of farms look good in policy documents, but spreading resources widely and inefficiently results in reduced net production and sustainability in the mid- to long-term.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Fish-Pathogenic and Environmental Bacteria Associated with Four Danish Rainbow Trout Farms

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4908-4915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja S. Schmidt ◽  
Morten S. Bruun ◽  
Inger Dalsgaard ◽  
Karl Pedersen ◽  
Jens L. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Trout Farms

ABSTRACT Surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to five antimicrobial agents was performed during a 1-year period in and around four freshwater fish farms situated along a stream in western Denmark. Besides assessing the levels of antibiotic resistance among the culturable fraction of microorganisms in fish, water, and sediment samples, two major fish pathogens (88Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates and 134Yersinia ruckeri isolates) and 313 motileAeromonas isolates, representing a group of ubiquitous aquatic bacteria, were isolated from the same samples. MICs were obtained applying a standardized agar dilution method. A markedly decreased susceptibility of F. psychrophilum isolates to most antimicrobial agents presently available for use in Danish aquaculture was detected, while the collected Y. ruckeriisolates remained largely sensitive to all therapeutic substances. Comparing the inlet and outlet samples, the increase of the antibiotic-resistant proportions observed among the culturable microflora was more pronounced and statistically significant among the motile aeromonads. High levels of individual and multiple antimicrobial resistances were demonstrated within the collected flavobacteria and aeromonads, thus indicating a substantial impact of fish farming on several groups of bacteria associated with aquacultural environments.

scholarly journals Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, (CAAS) Kaduna, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-699
Author(s):  
R.O. Ojutiku ◽  
S Habibu ◽  
R.J. Kolo ◽  
J.O. Oyero
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Physico Chemical

River Kaduna is one of the major sources of water to the inhabitants of the communities around the river and also to fish farmers while College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam (CAAS) is used for fish farming and also for domestic purpose. The study was carried out to assess Physicochemical Parameters of River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, Kaduna. The result of seasonal variation of physicochemical parameters between River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, revealed that the atmospheric temperature (AT) ranged from 32.8 to 33.60C, pH at 7.1, conductivity ranged from 83.7 to 139.7µs/cm, dissolved oxygen ranged from 9.2 to 9.4 mg/l, biological oxygen demand ranged from 5.2 to 5.9 mg/l, water temperature (WT) at 29.20C, total hardness ranged from 37.4 to 58.0 mg/l, alkalinity ranged from 18.8 ton29.7 mg/l, chloride ranged from 14.8 to 15.9 mg/l, nitrate and phosphorus ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 mg/l while transparency ranged from 21.4 to 22.3 cm respectively. The seasonal variation result revealed that both at the Dam and river, AT, pH, DO, WT, Chloride, Nitrate, Phosphorus and Transparency values were not significantly different while conductivity, BOD, TH, Alkalinity and Ammonia were significantly different. However, they were significantly difference from one month to another (wet and dry season months respectively).Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, River Kaduna, CAAS Dam

scholarly journals Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of the water used to Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum species, in Maranhão State

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-438
Author(s):  
Maria Cecília de Sousa CUNHA ◽  
Ana Cristina Vieira COSTA ◽  
Márcia Araújo Vander BOOR ◽  
Francisca Neide COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical

SUMMARY Brazil has favorable hydrographic and climatic conditions for the development of fish farming. The success of this activity depends on the quality of the water, since it directly influences its productivity. Therefore, in order to verify the microbiological and physico - chemical characteristics of the water in the creation of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) species in fish farming in São Bento, a municipality located in the. State, 16 water samples from six fish farms were evaluated for the physical parameters (Temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, color, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate and nitrite) and microbiological (coliforms and heterotrophic mesophilic bacteria). According to the findings, all samples were contaminated by total and thermotolerant coliforms, 13 (77.15%) were outside the standards recommended by the legislation. As for the mesophilic aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, the mean counts ranged from 30.6 x 102 to 4.7 x 104 CFU / mL. As for the physical-chemical parameters, it was verified that the temperature ranged from 27.4°C to 30°C; PH 5.0 to 8.2; Transparency ranged from 0 to 46 cm; Turbidity from 12 to 1,251 NTU, the color from 0 to 666.50 UH; Dissolved oxygen from 7.1 to 14.7 mg / L; Alkalinity of 17.5 to 412 mg / L; Hardness from 14.6 to 1027.8 mg / L; Nitrate from 1 to 160 mg / L and nitrite from 0.01 to 0.45 mg / L. The findings show that the water of fish farms has inadequate microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics for fish farming.

scholarly journals Assessment of potential health impacts on surface water sources in Northern Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
ZD Umar ◽  
A Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Physico Chemical

Northern Nigeria represents the most populous region in Nigeria and adequate water supply and sanitation typically leaves a lot to be desired in the region in order to prevent water related diseases to the vulnerable communities of the region. This research work was carried out in Kano state with specific emphasis on Tomas dam which is one of the largest dams established for multipurpose use in Nigeria. The research was aimed at evaluating Physico-chemical and Bacteriological quality of Tomas Dam in Kano State. 240 water samples from 5 sampling stations within eight months were analyzed for bacteriological and physico-chemical quality. The physico-chemical parameters indicated Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Water Current Speed results were not significantly different (P>0.05), while other physico-chemical parameters analyzed varied significantly (P<0.05). The study also revealed that Dissolved Oxygen (DO), BOD, Turbidity, and Nitrates recorded higher values than WHO and Federal Environmental Protection Agency, Nigeria (FEPA) limits. Total aerobic bacterial counts (TBC) and total coliform counts (TCC) were determined using pour plate and Most Probable Number (MPN) techniques. TBC and TCC were high and exceeded acceptable limits. Faecal coliforms, faecal Streptococciand Klebsiella species constituted 25% of the indicator organisms identified.The observed parameters indicated the Dam was contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. Variations in the weather conditions, animal and anthropogenic interferences were all directly or indirectly related to faecal contamination in the dam. Preventing indiscriminate faecal discharge close to the Dam and sufficient water treatment before consumption are of prime importance to public health as the dam was established for agricultural purposes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10523 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 125-136

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