Qualities of Household Resilience after 2015 Earthquake: A Study of Dhugin Lamatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Namita Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Nepal Earthquake ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Interview Methods

Disasters usually, create unexpected large scale destruction and disruption within short periods of time. Be it an earthquake, floods, or landslides, all explicitly disrupts the general trajectory of people’s lives. After a disaster, people need resilience to recover from the situation. Nepal confronted horrendous seismic tremors on 25 April and 12 May 2015. In such a context, this paper tries to explore what type of household able to stand again and the major objective of this research is to find out the qualities of household resilience in terms of disaster. Furthermore, this article tries to yield the answer to the research question is, How households able to stand again after the 2015 earthquake? Nepal earthquake 2015 destroyed the houses, took the lives of people in Dhugin chowk. Dhugin chowk, Lamatar is carefully chosen for this research because it is the most impacted area among many in the Nepal earthquake 2015. Random sampling and interview methods are exercised to take the depth information from the field and this research has been conducted using the qualitative method. My finding is: shocks adopting and absorbing the capacity of household help to create disaster resilience which is determined by capital, fixed assets, education, and regular income in the research area.

scholarly journals Measuring sleep regularity: Theoretical properties and practical usage of existing metrics

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothee Fischer ◽  
Elizabeth B Klerman ◽  
Andrew J K Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Regularity Index ◽  
Wake Patterns ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Phase Deviation ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Large Scale Simulations ◽  
Larger Sample

Abstract Study Objectives Sleep regularity predicts many health-related outcomes. Currently, however, there is no systematic approach to measuring sleep regularity. Traditionally, metrics have assessed deviations in sleep patterns from an individual’s average. Traditional metrics include intra-individual standard deviation (StDev), Interdaily Stability (IS), and Social Jet Lag (SJL). Two metrics were recently proposed that instead measure variability between consecutive days: Composite Phase Deviation (CPD) and Sleep Regularity Index (SRI). Using large-scale simulations, we investigated the theoretical properties of these five metrics. Methods Multiple sleep-wake patterns were systematically simulated, including variability in daily sleep timing and/or duration. Average estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for six scenarios that affect measurement of sleep regularity: ‘scrambling’ the order of days; daily vs. weekly variation; naps; awakenings; ‘all-nighters’; and length of study. Results SJL measured weekly but not daily changes. Scrambling did not affect StDev or IS, but did affect CPD and SRI; these metrics, therefore, measure sleep regularity on multi-day and day-to-day timescales, respectively. StDev and CPD did not capture sleep fragmentation. IS and SRI behaved similarly in response to naps and awakenings but differed markedly for all-nighters. StDev and IS required over a week of sleep-wake data for unbiased estimates, whereas CPD and SRI required larger sample sizes to detect group differences. Conclusions Deciding which sleep regularity metric is most appropriate for a given study depends on a combination of the type of data gathered, the study length and sample size, and which aspects of sleep regularity are most pertinent to the research question.

scholarly journals Twitter Use in Hurricane Isaac and Its Implications for Disaster Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Kejin Wang ◽  
Nina S. N. Lam ◽  
Lei Zou ◽  
Volodymyr Mihunov
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Resilience Indicators ◽  
Three Phases

Disaster resilience is the capacity of a community to “bounce back” from disastrous events. Most studies rely on traditional data such as census data to study community resilience. With increasing use of social media, new data sources such as Twitter could be utilized to monitor human response during different phases of disasters to better understand resilience. An important research question is: Does Twitter use correlate with disaster resilience? Specifically, will communities with more disaster-related Twitter uses be more resilient to disasters, presumably because they have better situational awareness? The underlying issue is that if there are social and geographical disparities in Twitter use, how will such disparities affect communities’ resilience to disasters? This study examines the relationship between Twitter use and community resilience during Hurricane Isaac, which hit Louisiana and Mississippi in August 2012. First, we applied the resilience inference measurement (RIM) model to calculate the resilience indices of 146 affected counties. Second, we analyzed Twitter use and their sentiment patterns through the three phases of Hurricane Isaac—preparedness, response, and recovery. Third, we correlated Twitter use density and sentiment scores with the resilience scores and major social–environmental variables to test whether significant geographical and social disparities in Twitter use existed through the three phases of disaster management. Significant positive correlations were found between Twitter use density and resilience indicators, confirming that communities with higher resilience capacity, which are characterized by better social–environmental conditions, tend to have higher Twitter use. These results imply that Twitter use during disasters could be improved to increase the resilience of affected communities. On the other hand, no significant correlations were found between sentiment scores and resilience indicators, suggesting that further research on sentiment analysis may be needed.

Ex-Post Coping Responses and Post-Disaster Resilience: a Case from the 2015 Nepal Earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeshan Rayamajhee ◽  
Alok K. Bohara ◽  
Virgil Henry Storr
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Nepal Earthquake ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
2015 Nepal Earthquake

Advances in Water Treatment Application of Sepiolite Mineral Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Meng Ran Tang ◽  
Ji Yuan Li ◽  
Qing Guo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Group Mineral ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Treatment Application

Synthetic nanomaterials have the disadvantages of large-scale investment, high energy consumption, complex production process and heavy environmental load. Mineral nanomaterials such as sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials are characterized by small size effect, quantum size effect and surface effect. Water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials has become an active research area and showed good development and application prospects. Based on the above reasons, this paper systematically summarizes the water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials, and development trend related to water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials were also proposed.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Steady-State Optimization of Large-Scale Gas Transmission Networks

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2832
Author(s):  
Andrzej J. Osiadacz ◽  
Małgorzata Kwestarz
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Transmission Networks ◽  
Sqp Method ◽  
Gas Network ◽  
Compressor Power

The major optimization problem of the gas transmission system is to determine how to operate the compressors in a network to deliver a given flow within the pressure bounds while using minimum compressor power (minimum fuel consumption or maximum network efficiency). Minimization of fuel usage is a major objective to control gas transmission costs. This is one of the problems that has received most of the attention from both practitioners and researchers because of its economic impact. The article describes the algorithm of steady-state optimization of a high-pressure gas network of any structure that minimizes the operating cost of compressors. The developed algorithm uses the “sequential quadratic programming (SQP)” method. The tests carried out on the real network segment confirmed the correctness of the developed algorithm and, at the same time, proved its computational efficiency. Computational results obtained with the SQP method demonstrate the viability of this approach.

Wavelet analysis of the temporal-spatial distribution in the Eurasia seismic belt

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Zheng ◽  
Xiaolu Li ◽  
Lirong Yin ◽  
Zhengtong Yin ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Compact Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Earthquake Activity ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Seismic Belt ◽  
Earthquake Fault

Due to the growing frequency of earthquakes, safeties of human lives and properties are facing serious threats. However, the research in the field of spatial-temporal distribution of earthquake is quite a few. In this paper, we use wavelet model to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of earthquakes. Because the spatial-temporal distribution of earthquake activity is closely related to the distribution of the earthquake fault zone, we analyze large-scale earthquake clusters by selecting the Eurasia seismic belt and the surrounding region as the research area. From the perspective of the time domain, the results show that the seismic energy of the earthquake fault zone presences compact support or similar compact support distribution, suggesting that the seismic zone exists a relatively quiet period and active stage. This indicate that the seismic zone is periodical. The period of strong earthquakes above normal and less than normal is different by time changes. The cycles of earthquakes are different due to different regions and different geological and geographical environment.

scholarly journals Цифровое продвижение стартапов субъектов МСП Пермского края: предложения по совершенствованию регионального законодательства

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
А.В. Захаркина ◽  
О.А. Кузнецова
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Perm Region

The article is devoted to a point-by-point study of the problem of promoting startups of existing and novice SMEs in the Perm Region. The analysis of the structure of investments in fixed assets by sources of financing in the Perm Region for January-September 2020 is carried out. A proposal was made to create an electronic platform "Investperm" in order to attract large-scale investment in small and medium-sized businesses in the Perm Region. The study was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR and the Perm Region in the framework of scientific project No. 19-411-590001.

scholarly journals Usability Methods and Attributes Reported in Usability Studies of Mobile Apps for Health Care Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review

10.2196/19072 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e19072
Author(s):  
Susanne Grødem Johnson ◽  
Thomas Potrebny ◽  
Lillebeth Larun ◽  
Donna Ciliska ◽  
Nina Rydland Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Care Education

Background E-learning technologies, including mobile apps, are used to a large extent in health care education. Mobile apps can provide extendable learning environments and motivate students for adaptive and collaborative learning outside the classroom context. Developers should design practical, effective, and easy-to-use mobile apps. Usability testing is an important part of app development in order to understand if apps meet the needs of users. Objective The aim of this study is to perform a scoping review of usability methods and attributes reported in usability studies of mobile apps for health care education. Methods The scoping review is guided by the methodological framework developed by Arksey & O’Malley and further developed by Levac et al and Kahlil et al. The stages we will follow are as follows: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) charting the data; and (5) summarizing and reporting the results. We have developed two research questions to meet the aim of the study, which are as follows: (1) What usability methods are used to evaluate the usability of mobile apps for health care education? and (2) What usability attributes are reported in the usability studies of mobile apps for health care education? We will apply a comprehensive search of the literature, including 10 databases, a reference search, and a search for grey literature. Two review authors will independently screen articles for eligibility. Results The initial electronic database searches were completed in March 2019. The literature search identified 14,297 unique references. Following title and abstract screening, the full texts of 369 records were obtained. The scoping review is expected to be completed in spring 2021. Conclusions We expect the overview of usability methods and attributes reported in usability studies of mobile apps for health care education to contribute to the knowledge base for researchers and developers. It will give an overview of the research field and provide researchers and developers with relevant and important information on the usability research area, including highlighting possible research gaps. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/19072

scholarly journals Soft Factor In the Implementation of Quality Management Program in Majlis Agama Islam Selangor (MAIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musaiyadah Ahmadun ◽  
Siti Arni Basir ◽  
Osman Md Rasip
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Soft Factor ◽  
Soft Factors

Many studies on the implementation of quality management programs were carried out by previous researchers. However, the study on the soft or human factors in the implementation of quality management programs is still poorly explored. Therefore, this article aims to analyze soft factors in the implementation of quality management programs at Selangor Islamic Religious Council or Majlis Agama Islam Selangor (MAIS). This study uses a qualitative method involving MAIS as a case study. Semi-structured interviews were used as a data collection method and supported by relevant documents collected from MAIS. A total of fifteen informants comprising top management and MAIS officers were interviewed to obtain in-depth information on the subjects studied. The findings reveal that there are six soft factors emerged in the implementation of quality management programs at MAIS namely leadership, training and development, teamwork, customer focus, Syura and rewards. This study demonstrates that soft factors has helped facilitate the implementation of quality management programs in MAIS. The results of this study can be used as guidance by managers in public or corporate organizatons in their efforts to implement quality management programs effectively.

scholarly journals Methodical approach to determining permissible time limits of intermittent carbon monoxide exposure in rescuers

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
D. V. Myasnikov ◽  
P. V. Avitisov ◽  
A. V. Zolotukhin ◽  
M. F. Barinov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Methodical Approach

Relevance. Current operation time limits under hazardous chemical conditions (“emergency regulations”) have been developed mainly for a limited number of emergency situations occurring in spacecraft, submarines or other specific objects. At the same time, many emergencies accompanied by large-scale releases of toxic combustion products from various materials and compounds into the environment are not limited to these facilities. Therefore, risks associated with toxic effects of chemicals should be predicted, since permissible time limits with adequate performance of personnel under certain chemical exposures are used for individual protection (time-based protection).Intention: On the basis of physiological aspects, the peculiarities of the work performed by rescuers and the requirements for organizing and conducting emergency rescue operations, to propose a methodical approach to determining the permissible time for rescuers in conditions of intermittent carbon monoxide release.Methodology. The scientific works and results of experiments in the research area were analyzed. Systematization and generalization of empirical and theoretical data, traditional analysis of documents and publications were used with the least squares approximation.Results and Discussion. Specific effects of various carbon monoxide concentrations are shown for different exposure times. Critical concentrations and exposure times are revealed, functional relationships between permissible time of operation and carbon monoxide concentrations are determined. Carboxyhemoglobin formation and effects were taken into account.Conclusion. The data given in the article are an important basis for organizing and conducting emergency rescue operations at increased concentrations of carbon monoxide.

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