scholarly journals Knowledge on Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease among Middle Aged Administrative Staffs of Kathmandu

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni Shrestha ◽  
Deepa Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Prevention

Background: Progressive urbanization and adoption of the “western” lifestyle contributes to the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases in the developing world. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is no longer confined by geographical area or socioeconomic boundary. Knowledge is an important pre-requisite for implementing both primary and secondary preventive strategies of CHD and for behavioral change. Objective: This study attempts to quantify level of knowledge on risk factors of Coronary Heart Disease among middle aged administrative staffs of Tribhuvan University, Kritipur Kathmandu.Methodology: Descriptive Cross Sectional  study was conducted in different departments of Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu from December 22, 2014 to January 2, 2015.A total of 130 middle aged administrative staffs (40-60 years) have participated in the study. Structured questionnaires and interview schedule were used to collect data and descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Results: Among total respondents, 56.2 % had mean knowledge score equal to or more than 13.91. Only less than half (47.7%) knew age as non - modifiable risk factor of CHD followed by sex (30.8%) and family history (30%). Regarding modifiable risk factors, most participant response was fatty food consumption (80.8%) followed by tobacco use (80%), excessive alcohol consumption (78.5%), hypertension(76.2%), Stress(74.6%), lack of exercise/inactive lifestyle (73.8%), mellitus (46.9%). In regards to the symptom of CHD, most cited response was chest Obesity (70.8%), excessive salt consumption in diet (60.8%) and diabetes pain/discomfort (55%). The risk factors prevalent among the study participants included overweight (44.6%) and alcohol consumption (30.8%)Conclusion: The findings concluded that significant percentage (43.8%) of respondent’s mean knowledge score was less than 13.91. Thus, understanding of the behavioral determinants of heart disease knowledge and risk factors is necessary in designing effective prevention strategies.  Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, page : 1-13

Childhoood Origins of Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Adulthood

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Cunnane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Research over the past 40 years clearly points to childhood as a critical period when dietary and lifestyle patterns are initiated which have longterm implications for coronary heart disease risk in adult life. Smoking, high habitual dietary intake of total fat and saturated fat, low exercise level, and excessive alcohol consumption often occur in family aggregates. They are correlated with elevated serum cholesterol, obesity, and hypertension in children, as well as with a predisposition to premature death from coronary heart disease. Intervention studies in children and adolescents show, however, that these lifestyle-risk factors are controllable through education and dietary counselling of the affected individual and their family. Equally important are the emerging data in adults showing that vigorous longterm intervention involving reduction of dietary fat and work-related stress, increased exercise, and elimination of smoking all contribute to a significant improvement in coronary perfusion. Hence, effective dietary and lifestyle management of coronary heart disease can occur at early or later stages of the disease and needs better support from health authorities at the national and international level.

Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease among Civil Employees of a Tertiary Level Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Md Saydur Rahman ◽  
Nurun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors are the most inimical and deleterious elements to develop coronary heart disease (CHD). To identify the factors contributing to develop CHD is therefore of paramount importance. It needs endless attention to address the riddle. This effort is to candle the light on sociodemographic & other factors of CHD. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted in CMH Dhaka from September to December 2011 on 287 respondents. Data were collected by interview using semi-structured questionnaire. Data were checked, edited, coded, categorized, cleaned and analyzed using (SPSS version 20). Results: The study disclosed that respondent's mean age was 39.40+9.42 years, 67.2% were male and 32.8% were female. It was founded that 34.14% were smoker. The prevalence rate of HTN and DM were 14.3% and 4.5% respectably. The mean BMI was 24.55 with 58.5% had normal weight and 41.5% were overweight, 18.8% had positive family history of suffering from CHD. among the respondents 88.5% has got at least one risk factor, 60% has got 5-10 risk factors, 13.6% got 6-10 risk factors, 14.3% got>10 risk factors. Age was significantly associated with smoking (p<.049), educational status (p<.001) and blood pressure (p<.001). Physical exercise was associated with BMI (p<.001) and blood pressure (p<.001). Risk factors had highly significant association with age (p<.001). Conclusion: All these findings suggest that a substantial evidence of risk factors of coronary heart diseases were prevailing among the study population. Proper care through positive motivation, avoidance of risk behaviour, intervention of clinical conditions can resist risk factors of coronary heart disease thus coronary heart disease can be prevented. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 22-28

scholarly journals Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Heart Disease in a Sample of Greek Adults: The Saronikos Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristofanis Gikas ◽  
Vaia Lambadiari ◽  
Alexios Sotiropoulos ◽  
Demosthenes Panagiotakos ◽  
Stavros Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Region Data

Background: Comprehensive data regarding prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated factors in different geographical regions are very important to our understanding of global distribution and evolution of CHD. The aim of this study was to assess the current prevalence of self-reported risk factors and CHD in Greek adult population. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2014, during an election day, among residents of Saronikos municipality (Attica region). Data were collected from face-to-face interviews. The study sample included 2636 subjects (men, 49.5%; mean age, 50.5; range 20-95 years), with similar age and sex distribution to the target population. Results: The age-standardized prevalence rates of five major risk factors were as follows: type 2 diabetes 11.1%, hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol>240 mg/dl or using cholesterol-lowering medication) 23.8%, hypertension 27.2%, current smoking 38.9% and physical inactivity 43%. Of the participants, only 21% were free of any of these factors. Clustering of two to five risk factors was more frequent among persons aged 50 years and older as compared with younger ones (60% vs 27%, P=0.000). The age-adjusted prevalence of CHD was 6.3% (in men, 8.9%; in women, 3.8%) and that of myocardial infarction was 3.6% (in men, 5.2%; in women, 2.1%). According to multivariate analysis age, gender, education level, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and ever smoking were strongly associated with CHD. Conclusion: Classic risk factors are highly prevalent and frequently clustered, especially in adults aged 50 years and older. These findings raise concerns about future trends of already increased rates of CHD. Multifactorial and integrated population-based interventions need to be applied to reduce the burden of cardiovascular conditions.

scholarly journals Is e-cigarette use associated with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction? Insights from the 2016 and 2017 National Health Interview Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231987774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos E Farsalinos ◽  
Riccardo Polosa ◽  
Fabio Cibella ◽  
Raymond Niaura
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: This study analyzed the National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) of 2016 ( n = 33,028) and 2017 ( n = 26,742) to examine whether e-cigarette use is consistently associated with myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Surveys were examined separately and pooled. Logistic regression analysis was used, with demographics, e-cigarette use, smoking and risk factors for CHD (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes) being independent variables. Former smokers were subclassified according to quit duration (⩽ 6 and > 6 years). Results: For MI, an association was observed with some days e-cigarette (but not daily) use in the 2017 survey (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.14–3.88, p = 0.017). No statistically significant association was observed in the pooled analysis (daily e-cigarette use: OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.80–2.27, p = 0.267). For CHD, an association was observed with daily e-cigarette use in the 2016 survey (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.01–3.53, p = 0.047). From the pooled analysis, no association was found between any pattern of e-cigarette use and CHD. In single-year and pooled analysis, both MI and CHD were strongly associated with all patterns of smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and age. Conclusions: The pooled analysis of the 2016 and 2017 NHIS showed no association between e-cigarette use and MI or CHD. The associations between established risk factors, including smoking, and both conditions were remarkably consistent. The inconsistent associations observed in single-year surveys and the cross-sectional design of the NHIS cannot substantiate any link between e-cigarette use and an elevated risk for MI or CHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the effects of e-cigarette use on cardiovascular disease.

Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine in patients presenting with risk factors for coronary heart disease

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-664
Author(s):  
Marina Ilic ◽  
Radmila Pavlovic ◽  
Gordana Lazarevic ◽  
Tatjana Cvetkovic ◽  
Gordana Kocic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Symmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Patient Groups

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate asymmetric (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) production in patients presenting with one or more risk factor (RF) for coronary heart disease (CHD). Patients and methods: Overall, 113 participants were enrolled in the study, including 45 patients presenting with risk for CHD (27 male and 18 female; aged 55.9 ± 6.4 years), 30 sex and age-matched middle-aged healthy controls (16 male and 14 female; aged 56.3 ± 8.4 years), and 38 young healthy controls (38 male; aged 24.6 ± 3.9 years). Results: No significant differences for ADMA and SDMA were recorded between patients groups presenting with risk for CHD. However, ADMA and SDMA were significantly higher in all examined patient groups (≥3 and 1–2 RF, hypertensive and non-hypertensive, obese and non-obese, diabetics and non-diabetics) compared with both control groups (middle-aged and young controls) (p<0.001). ADMA significantly correlated with SDMA in ≥3 RF (p<0.05), hypertensive (p<0.05), non-obese (p<0.05), non-diabetics (p<0.01), as well in middle-aged (p<0.05) and young controls (p<0.001). Conclusion: Significantly higher ADMA and SDMA were found between patients presenting with risk for CHD (≥3 and 1–2 RF, hypertensive and nonhypertensive, obese and non-obese, diabetics and non-diabetics) and healthy, middle-aged and young controls. ADMA significantly correlated with SDMA in ≥3 RF, hypertensive, non-obese and non-diabetic patients, as well as in middle-aged and young controls.

Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Middle-Aged Men in Crete in 1982

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIST ARAVANIS ◽  
RONALD P MENSINK ◽  
ADRIAN CORCONDILAS ◽  
PAUL IOANIDIS ◽  
EDITH J M FESKENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Increased Plasma Markers of Oxidative Stress Are Associated with Coronary Heart Disease in Males with Diabetes Mellitus and with 10-Year Risk in a Prospective Sample of Males

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W Stephens ◽  
David R Gable ◽  
Steven J Hurel ◽  
George J Miller ◽  
Jackie A Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Markers

Abstract Background: Increased oxidative stress is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). We examined the association between plasma markers of oxidative stress and CHD in a cross-sectional sample of patients with diabetes and prospective CHD risk in a sample of men predominantly without diabetes. Methods: Plasma total antioxidant status (TAOS) and the ratio of oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) to LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined in a cross-section of 761 Caucasian individuals with diabetes (UDACS study). Plasma TAOS was also determined in 310 baseline samples from a 10-year prospective cohort of 3012 healthy males (NPHSII). Results: Within UDACS, males with CHD had lower mean (SD) plasma TAOS [no CHD, 43.4 (13.2)%; CHD, 40.3 (13.8)%; P = 0.04]. The prevalence of CHD was higher in the lowest compared with the upper quartiles (32.7% vs 19.7%; P = 0.004). We observed a significant association between plasma Ox-LDL:LDL-C and CHD status [no CHD vs CHD, 16.9 (3.1) vs 19.3 (5.0) units/mmol; P = 0.04], with the prevalence of CHD being higher among men in the upper compared with lower quartiles (18.4% vs 35.1%; P = 0.003). No association was observed in females. In NPHSII, TAOS was lower in those who developed CHD [35.1 (8.0)% vs 37.1 (7.9)%; P = 0.04]. The odds ratio for CHD in the lowest compared with the upper quartile was 1.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.99–3.70; P = 0.04). This remained unchanged after adjustment for classic risk factors. Conclusions: A cross-sectional and prospective association exists between baseline plasma measures of oxidative stress and CHD risk. The association with prospective CHD risk remained after adjustment for “traditional” risk factors, implying an independent role for oxidative stress in CHD risk.

scholarly journals Risk factors of coronary heart disease in children and young adults with parental history of premature coronary heart disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Murti Andriastuti ◽  
Sudigdo Sastroasmoro ◽  
Agus Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Passive Smoker ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Background Morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease(CHD) are recently increasing. This is related to changes in lifestyle,such as lack of activity and high consumption of fatty diet. Themain cause of CHD is atherosclerosis. The development of ath-erosclerosis takes a long time, is asymptomatic, and might beginin childhood. The important risk factors that have roles in increas-ing the likelihood of atherosclerosis are family history of prematureCHD, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and irregu-lar activity.Objective The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence ofCHD risk factors in children and young adults who had parentalhistory of premature CHD.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedon offspring of premature CHD patients who were admitted in theintensive cardiology care unit (ICCU) of Cipto MangunkusumoHospital between January 1999 to December 2001 and of prema-ture CHD patients who visited the Cardiology Clinic of the Depart-ment of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital duringMarch and April 2002. Subjects were aged 12 to 25 year-old.Results Among the subjects, 40% had hyperlipidemia, 8% hadhypertension, 11% were obese, 21% were active smokers, 41%were passive smokers, and 73% had irregular activity. Ninety-sevenpercents subjects had more than 1 risk factors.Conclusions The prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension,obesity, passive smoker, active smoker and irregular activity inchildren and young adults with parental history of premature CHDin this study were higher than those in the normal population.Most had more than 1 risk factor, increasing the likelihood of CHD.A screening test should be performed on children with parentalhistory of premature CHD so that early preventive measures mightbe done to minimize the risk factors

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