scholarly journals Composting: A Better Solution for Managing Nepal’s Increasing Solid Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Shreesti Raj Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
National Level ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Job Opportunities

 In developing countries like ours, environmental factors are not given that priority while managing solid waste. Poor planning and management is continuously resulting to environmental degradation and ecological imbalance. Composting, which is a traditional yet sustainable and environment friendly way of managing solid waste is being neglected. In this article, I have first tried to put forward the existing situation of waste management and waste disposal practices in our county and then to explain about how composting is being practiced in today’s scenario. I made field study in Sawal Bahal and Teku area and also referred to published information for this paper. I have tried to highlight the fact that composting, with a little effort from government side and each individual involved, it can prove to be a very effective means of managing solid waste. This practice will definitely help to boost the economic activities of the country. The later part of the paper explains the benefits of composting for each individual level to national level. Various factors whether it be environmental upgradation to new job opportunities or for best agricultural practices, composting can prove beneficial for all.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2017, 13(1): 215-220 

Entrepreneurial Business Ethics and Good Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Jayrusha Ramasamy Gurayah ◽  
Jayrusha Ramasamy Gurayah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Small medium enterprises (SMEs) have proven and are known to be one of the biggest contributors to the economy of developing countries. Evidence shows that SMEs provide a number of job opportunities, which results in unemployment reduction, poverty eradication, and a bigger boost towards other economic activities. However, most SME entrepreneurs face an array of problems such as access to funding, building up international connections, getting appropriate knowledge and access to adequate technology. These issues are then further intensified by the lack of proper governance and the avoidance of business ethics by most SME entrepreneurs. Over the past years, the number of SMEs has grown drastically in developing countries (Nigeria, Algeria, Brazil, and Vietnam), which has also resulted in an increase in competition within the sector. This has given rise to the need to install the strategies of corporate governance with the aim of strengthening the competitiveness of SMEs.

scholarly journals Analysis of 220 Years of Floodplain Population Dynamics in the US at Different Spatial Scales

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Firoza Akhter ◽  
Maurizio Mazzoleni ◽  
Luigia Brandimarte
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
The Us ◽  
Over Time

In this study, we explore the long-term trends of floodplain population dynamics at different spatial scales in the contiguous United States (U.S.). We exploit different types of datasets from 1790–2010—i.e., decadal spatial distribution for the population density in the US, global floodplains dataset, large-scale data of flood occurrence and damage, and structural and nonstructural flood protection measures for the US. At the national level, we found that the population initially settled down within the floodplains and then spread across its territory over time. At the state level, we observed that flood damages and national protection measures might have contributed to a learning effect, which in turn, shaped the floodplain population dynamics over time. Finally, at the county level, other socio-economic factors such as local flood insurances, economic activities, and socio-political context may predominantly influence the dynamics. Our study shows that different influencing factors affect floodplain population dynamics at different spatial scales. These facts are crucial for a reliable development and implementation of flood risk management planning.

scholarly journals Pro-Environmental Behavior in an Aging World: Evidence from 31 Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1748
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Feng Hao ◽  
Yunxia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Individual

Population change and environmental degradation have become two of the most pressing issues for sustainable development in the contemporary world, while the effect of population aging on pro-environmental behavior remains controversial. In this paper, we examine the effects of individual and population aging on pro-environmental behavior through multilevel analyses of cross-national data from 31 countries. Hierarchical linear models with random intercepts are employed to analyze the data. The findings reveal a positive relationship between aging and pro-environmental behavior. At the individual level, older people are more likely to participate in environmental behavior (b = 0.052, p < 0.001), and at the national level, living in a country with a greater share of older persons encourages individuals to behave sustainably (b = 0.023, p < 0.01). We also found that the elderly are more environmentally active in an aging society. The findings imply that the longevity of human beings may offer opportunities for the improvement of the natural environment.

scholarly journals Solid Waste Management in Small Tourism Islands: An Evolutionary Governance Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5896
Author(s):  
Kylie Ching Mun Wang ◽  
Khai Ern Lee ◽  
Mazlin Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Governance Theory

In many regions and nations, solid waste management is deemed as critical, complicated, and multifaceted. The essence of solid waste management in each society can be influenced by a variety of economic activities and physical geographies. Small islands with their geographic isolation and a tourism-driven economy pose a great challenge in ensuring sustainability in respect to solid waste management. Beyond the issues of solid waste management on small islands, the governance of solid waste management particularly requires distinctive attention. This aspect is often disregarded as it is a tricky issue for many governments, especially on the territories of small islands. Through the lens of Evolutionary Governance Theory, this paper examines the rigidity in the governance of solid waste management, particularly on small islands, in how related issues are addressed. A range of aspects of governance of solid waste management are analyzed and gaps are identified to propose a way forward in approaching governance problems on small islands through the conceptualization of evolutionary governance.

scholarly journals Identification of inference fallacies in solid waste generation estimations of developing countries. A case-study in Panama

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 454-465
Author(s):  
Jorge M. Torrente-Velásquez ◽  
Maddalena Ripa ◽  
Rosaria Chifari ◽  
Mario Giampietro
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Solid Waste Generation

A framework for sustainable and integrated municipal solid waste management: barriers and critical factors to developing countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 127516
Author(s):  
Marcio Batista ◽  
Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão Caiado ◽  
Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves Quelhas ◽  
Gilson Brito Alves Lima ◽  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Critical Factors

scholarly journals Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Improved Solid Waste Management System in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Raj Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management System ◽  
At Home

Solid waste management is one of the developmental challenges facing city authorities worldwide, especially in most developing countries. Rapid urbanization has made solid waste management a serious problem in poor and developing countries. This study aims to analyze the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. For this purpose, two hundred and seventeen Households were selected in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal. Pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was collected by using systematic random sampling techniques. Multiple Linear Regression analysis was used to find the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. The tentative average wastes produced per day from their house is one kilogram with minimum one hundred gram and maximum ten kilogram per day. Main disposal method/site for solid waste management of majority of the respondents is Burn followed by cannal, near open places, send in waste management vehicle, road side and rivulets. Almost all of the respondents are not satisfied with the community responsible for solid waste management in the study area. The average amount that the respondents have willingness to pay for solid waste management system is Rs 56.84 per month. Further, it is found that Having any member abroad, Remittance received in last one year and House ownership are the major determining factors for willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system in the study area. However, other factors like Sex of the respondents, age of the respondents, family size, Family type, Caste/ethnicity, education of the respondents, Total number of employed person at home, Total number of literate person at home, Major occupation of the respondents, tentative weight of accumulated solid waste per day, Monthly Income of household, Visit at any hotel/restaurant during last 12 months, and Having any livestock at household do not have any significant impact on willingness to pay for improved solid waste management system. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017)

Environmental Behavior in Cross-National Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Pisano ◽  
Mark Lubell
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
National Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Proenvironmental Behavior ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross National

This article seeks to explain cross-national differences on environmental behavior. After controlling for a series of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, it was predicted that national levels of wealth, postmaterialism, education development, and environmental problems are positively related to environmental behavior. The national-level variance is to a substantial degree explained by individual-level variables, capturing compositional effects. The remaining variance is explained by the contextual-level variables. All of the country-level variables are predictors in the expected direction, with the exception of environmental degradation, which is negatively related to behavior, and education development, which has no impact on private environmental behavior. More importantly, cross-level interactions show that in more developed countries, there are stronger relationships between proecological attitudes and reported proenvironmental behavior. These findings contribute to the growing cross-cultural research on environmental behavior pointing out the necessity of simultaneously assessing the effects of both individual and contextual-level forces affecting behavior across nations.

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