scholarly journals Plasma Fibrinogen Level in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Correlation with GOLD Severity Staging

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Achyut Gyawali ◽  
Niraj Bam ◽  
Pankaj Pant ◽  
Santa K Das
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Copd

Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has great implications on global health accounting for significant morbidity and mortality. It is a state of chronic inflammation of airways. The aim of this study was to measure the plasma fibrinogen level in patient with COPD and find the relationship between plasma fibrinogen levels and severity of airflow obstruction. MethodsThis observational study was conducted from September 2017 to October 2018, where 80 eligible patients with the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) were included in the study and their plasma fibrinogen level was measured at the time of discharge. Clinical information was obtained and pulmonary function test (PFT) was done. ResultA total of 80 patients were enrolled. The mean age of the patient was 67.87±11.60 years. Plasma fibrinogen level was 159±12.72 mg/dl in mild COPD, 273.52±62.34 mg/dl in moderate COPD, 312.30±103.67 mg/dl in severe COPD, and 487±102.76 mg/dl in very severe COPD. The comparison between groups showed significant difference in plasma fibrinogen level (p<0.001). There was significant negative correlation between plasma fibrinogen level and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) predicted (r=-0.71, p=0.01). ConclusionHigh plasma fibrinogen level on discharge was found in COPD patients with severe airflow obstruction, frequent exacerbations and severe level of dyspnoea during AECOPD.

scholarly journals Plasma Fibrinogen as a Biomarker of Stable and Exacerbated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Kashifa Ehsan ◽  
Sibgha Zulfiqar ◽  
Amber Hassan ◽  
Humaira Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Functions

Study Design: An experimental, comparative, cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Federal Post Graduate Medical Institute (FPGMI), Sheikh Zayed Medical Complex Lahore, Pakistan from August 2013 to 2014 Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease, but is a partially reversible chronic inflammatory condition characterized by airway obstruction. COPD remains under-diagnosed and under-treated because the only available diagnostic method at present is testing lung functions by spirometry which is not helpful to determine the severity and clinical outcomes of the disease. Circulating biomarkers are under consideration for various diseases worldwide. Plasma fibrinogen is emerging as one of the most promising biomarkers of COPD in smokers. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate if plasma fibrinogen can serve as a diagnostic biomarker of COPD in smokers, and if its further higher levels are seen in the exacerbated state of the disease in comparison to the stable disease. Materials and Methods: 75 middle-aged to old-age smokers of either gender were selected. Lung functions of every participant were measured to determine Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and the ratio of FEV1/FVC by spirometry. On the basis of the results of the tests, subjects were divided into three groups; firstly, the control group of chronic smokers without COPD, secondly, smokers with COPD in a stable state, and thirdly, patients in an exacerbated state of COPD. Plasma fibrinogen was quantitatively estimated in every individual of all three groups by the Clauss method using the Hemostat Fibrinogen kit. Results: The average Plasma fibrinogen level was found to be 235.008 mg/dl in healthy smokers (control group), while an average of 440.12mg/dl was measured in patients with stable COPD. The difference in plasma fibrinogen levels was found to be significant, having a p-value of (0.000). In the third group with declined lung function predicting acute exacerbated COPD, fibrinogen was found to be > 453.2 mg/dl, which was significantly higher than in the stable disease group (p-value > 0.0017) Conclusion: Plasma fibrinogen level measurement is a reliable and accessible test in terms of a diagnostic marker of COPD, as compared to conventional lung function testing done in the past.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Targeted Screening Program to Detect Airflow Obstruction Suggestive of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease within a Presurgical Screening Clinic

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Robitaille ◽  
Esther Dajczman ◽  
Andrew M Hirsch ◽  
David Small ◽  
Pierre Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Targeted Screening ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND: Targeted spirometry screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been studied in primary care and community settings. Limitations regarding availability and quality of testing remain. A targeted spirometry screening program was implemented within a presurgical screening (PSS) clinic to detect undiagnosed airways disease and identify patients with COPD/asthma in need of treatment optimization.OBJECTIVE: The present quality assurance study evaluated airflow obstruction detection rates and examined characteristics of patients identified through the targeted screening program.METHODS: The targeted spirometry screening program was implemented within the PSS clinic of a tertiary care university hospital. Current or ex-smokers with respiratory symptoms and patients with a history of COPD or asthma underwent prebronchodilator spirometry. History of airways disease and smoking status were obtained during the PSS assessment and confirmed through chart reviews.RESULTS: After exclusions, the study sample included 449 current or ex-smokers. Abnormal spirometry results were found in 184 (41%) patients: 73 (16%) had mild, 93 (21%) had moderate and 18 (4%) had severe or very severe airflow obstruction. One hundred eighteen (26%) new cases of airflow obstruction suggestive of COPD were detected. One-half of these new cases had moderate or severe airflow obstruction. Only 34% of patients with abnormal spirometry results had reported a previous diagnosis of COPD. More than one-half of patients with abnormal spirometry results were current smokers.CONCLUSIONS: Undiagnosed airflow obstruction was detected in a significant number of smokers and ex-smokers through a targeted screening program within a PSS clinic. These patients can be referred for early intervention and secondary preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Fatigue and multidimensional disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Inal-Ince ◽  
Sema Savci ◽  
Melda Saglam ◽  
Ebru Calik ◽  
Hulya Arikan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bode Index ◽  
Peripheral Muscle ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire

Background and aims: Fatigue is associated with longitudinal ratings of health in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although the degree of airflow obstruction is often used to grade disease severity in patients with COPD, multidimensional grading systems have recently been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived and actual fatigue level and multidimensional disease severity in patients with COPD. Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients with COPD (aged 52-74 years) took part in the study. Multidimensional disease severity was measured using the SAFE and BODE indices. Perceived fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). Peripheral muscle endurance was evaluated using the number of sit-ups, squats, and modified push-ups that each patient could do. Results: Thirteen patients (59%) had severe fatigue, and their St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire scores were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The SAFE index score was significantly correlated with the number of sit-ups, number of squats, FSS score and FIS score (p < 0.05). The BODE index was signif- icantly associated with the numbers of sit-ups, squats and modified push-ups, and with the FSS and FIS scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Peripheral muscle endurance and fatigue perception in patients with COPD was related to multidimensional disease severity measured with both the SAFE and BODE indices. Improvements in perceived and actual fatigue levels may positively affect multidimensional disease severity and health status in COPD patients. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of fatigue perception and exercise training on patients with different stages of multidimensional COPD severity.

scholarly journals A literature review on depression and its risk factors among people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asian sub-continent

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4653
Author(s):  
Amrit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Basic Activity

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. It has been suggested that emotional disturbances such as depression and anxiety are common among patients with COPD. This review aims to highlight the presence of depression and associated risk factors among patients suffering from COPD in Asia. Fifty-eight observational studies were retrieved through data sources like PubMed, Medical subject heading (MeSH) search and Google scholar. After thorough screening total thirteen studies were identified and included in this review. Based on the results of these studies, the south and west Asian countries had higher proportion of depression. However, risk factor results were mixed which includes severity of obstruction/global initiative for obstructive lung disease (GOLD) criteria, Stage 2 COPD, teetotallers, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, and exercise (BODE) index, urban residence, female gender, education level, dyspnoea, low income, poor Quality of life (QOL) scores, age, poor self-reported health, basic activity of daily living (BADL) disability. Further superior research studies with larger sample size are required on Asian population. All in all, it is recommended that early diagnosis and treatment of depression should be included as a part of management in COPD as it can help to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality in the patients.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Kazuhiko Kotani ◽  
Alejandro Gugliucci
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity ◽  
Severe Copd

Oxidative stress is a driving factor in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme and a potential biomarker of this disease, data regarding the status of PON-1 in COPD are inconclusive. In this regard, to shed light on this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of data on PON1 activity in COPD. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL) were searched for available studies on PON1 activity in patients with stable COPD published before October 2021. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. Twelve studies (12 studies on paraoxonase and three on arylesterase) were identified. Patients with COPD had lower levels of paraoxonase activity (standard mean difference [SMD] −0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.35 to −0.18) and arylesterase activity (SMD −1.15, 95% CI −1.95 to −0.36) in comparison to healthy controls. In subgroup analyses, paraoxonase activity was lower in patients of studies as consisted of mainly non-severe COPD (SMD −1.42, 95% CI −2.04 to −0.79) and, by contrast, slightly higher in patients of studies including severe COPD (SMD 0.33, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.64) in comparison to healthy controls. Arylesterase activity showed a similar trend. Overall, PON1 activity was lower in patients with COPD, suggesting that PON1-related antioxidant defense is impaired in COPD. Future studies are warranted.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Ibrahim Mohammad ◽  
Ahmed Gouda Elgazzar ◽  
Shymaa Mohammad Mahfouz ◽  
Marwa Elsayed Elnaggar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Severe Copd

Abstract Background The conjunction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known as overlap syndrome (OS). The coexistence of these diseases has cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of OSA in COPD patients. One hundred COPD patients (obese and non-obese) performed sleep questionnaires and polysomnograms. Results OSA prevalence in COPD was 50% and it increases with increasing disease severity (P < 0.001). The highest prevalence of OSA was found in obese patients with severe COPD; 90.5% of these patients have OSA. In the OSA group, obese patients were found to have significantly higher STOP-Bang Questionnaire (SBQ), Epworth Sleep Scale (ESS), modified medical research council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), and oxygen desaturation index (ODI). Both obese and non-obese COPD patients showed significant positive correlations between AHI and smoking index (SI), SBQ, ESS, mMRC, ODI, and neck circumference (NC). Conclusions From this study, it can be concluded that moderate and severe COPD patients had a higher diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing. Also, obese-COPD patients are more susceptible to develop OSA. Trial registration Name of the registry: Benha University Protocol Record Benha U123, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Prevalence in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases. Trial registration number: NCT04903639. Date of registry: 5/22/2021 (retrospective study).

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Comorbidities in Lithuanian National Database: A Cluster Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Elena Jurevičienė ◽  
Greta Burneikaitė ◽  
Laimis Dambrauskas ◽  
Vytautas Kasiulevičius ◽  
Edita Kazėnaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
National Database ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Various comorbidities and multimorbidity frequently occur in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to the overload of health care systems and increased mortality. We aimed to assess the impact of COPD on the probability and clustering of comorbidities. The cross-sectional analysis of the nationwide Lithuanian database was performed based on the entries of the codes of chronic diseases. COPD was defined on the code J44.8 entry and six-month consumption of bronchodilators. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios (ORs) for associations and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were carried out. 321,297 patients aged 40–79 years were included; 4834 of them had COPD. A significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), lung cancer, kidney diseases, and the association of COPD with six-fold higher odds of lung cancer (OR 6.66; p < 0.0001), a two-fold of heart failure (OR 2.61; p < 0.0001), and CVD (OR 1.83; p < 0.0001) was found. Six clusters in COPD males and five in females were pointed out, in patients without COPD—five and four clusters accordingly. The most prevalent cardiovascular cluster had no significant difference according to sex or COPD presence, but a different linkage of dyslipidemia was found. The study raises the need to elaborate adjusted multimorbidity case management and screening tools enabling better outcomes.

scholarly journals Effect of Pharmacy Counseling on Readmissions in Patients with Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narachai Prasungriyo ◽  
Nungruthai Sooksai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Exacerbations

Objective: To investigate the effects of pharmacy counseling on clinical and economic outcomes in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients.Material and Methods: The outcomes consisted of 28-day hospital readmissions related to AECOPD, direct costs, medication adherence calculated by proportion of days covered (PDC), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measured by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT). The data derived from the intervention group, for which pharmacy counseling was provided, was compared with that obtained from the control group provided with usual pharmaceutical care. The study also drew comparisons between the PDC and CAT scores of pre- and postintervention periods.Results: Forty-four patients (23 intervention and 21 control) were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences in the readmission rate (13% vs 19%, p-value>0.050), nor the number of readmitted patients (3 vs 3, p-value >0.050). A decrease in direct costs did not reach statistical significance (p-value>0.050). In addition, no difference between the PDC scores was found (96.67 vs 100.00, p-value>0.050). Intervention patients obtained significantly lower CAT scores than the control patients did (9 vs 19, p-value<0.050). Compared with the pre-intervention period, PDC scores were identical; however, CAT scores measured during the post-intervention period were significantly different.Conclusion: Pharmacy counseling for AECOPD patients could enhance HRQoL. Drug therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation may cause such improvement. Further work, which has adequate participants, is required to detect a significant difference in readmissions between the two groups.

scholarly journals Decreased plasma epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Pneumologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Retno AS Soemarwoto ◽  
Andika Chandra Putra ◽  
Syazili Mustofa ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Severe Copd

Abstract Background Chronic mucus hypersecretion is a common feature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) activity. Aberrant EGF and its receptor signalling can cause airway hyperproliferation, increase in mucous cell differentiation and mucus hyperproduction. Furthermore, it can also promote subepithelial fibrosis and excessive collagen deposition in COPD. The objective of this research was to investigate the plasma levels of EGF in smokers with COPD in comparison with clinically healthy smokers. In addition, the relationship between the plasma levels of EGF and clinical features was investigated. Methods A cross-sectional study included 82 clinically stable male patients with mild-to-very severe COPD (mean age: 64.5±8.6 years), and the control group consisted of 86 healthy male smokers (mean age: 61.6±9.5 years). To define COPD, we performed spirometry and classified COPD using Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification. We analyzed the levels of EGF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in plasma. Results The mean serum levels of EGF were significantly lower in smokers with COPD than those in controls (69.30 and 83.82 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.046). The plasma levels of EGF were significantly different (p = 0.004) between mild COPD and moderate-to-very severe COPD. There were no significant differences between the levels of EGF in plasma of spontaneous sputum producers (COPD patients) vs. nonsputum producers (p = 0.101) and between nonexacerbated COPD and exacerbated COPD patients(p = 0.138). Conclusions There is a significant difference in the plasma levels of EGF in male smokers with COPD as compared with male healthy smokers. Our findings suggest that the plasma levels of EGF may contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD.

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