scholarly journals Morphology of Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymers and Their Blends with High Density Polythylene: A Microscopic Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameshwar Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
High Density ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Wide Range

The investigation into morphology formation in ethylene/1-octene copolymers (EOCs) comprising variable 1-octene content and their blends with high density polyethylene (HDPE) and hence their tensile mechanical properties have been reported. The morphological analysis by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the macrophase separation of the components in the blends. In contrast to well defined spherulitic morphology and lamellar structure of the HDPE, the EOCs exhibited progressively distorted lamellar morphology with increasing 1-octene content. At high 1-octene content, the EOC samples possessed the ‘worm-like’ crystals, which resemble the ‘fringed micelles’ discussed in the literature. The blends allow a balance of mechanical properties (stiffness and toughness) over a wide range as shown by tensile stress strain behavior of the blends.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9329Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page: 5-12 Uploaded date: 12/16/2013 

scholarly journals PAN Nanofibers Reinforced with MMT/GO Hybrid Nanofillers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Guohui Li ◽  
Jinning Zhang ◽  
Fenglin Huang ◽  
Keyu Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

Single component nanofiller has shown some limitations in its performance, which can be overcome by hybrid nanofillers with two different components. In this work, montmorillonite (MMT)/graphene oxide (GO) hybrid nanofillers were formed by self-assembly and then incorporated into the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to analyze the structures of MMT/GO hybrid nanofillers. And the effects of MMT/GO hybrid nanofillers on the morphology, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PAN/MMT/GO composite nanofibrous membrane were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile test machine, respectively. The incorporation of MMT/GO hybrid nanofillers into PAN nanofibers showed a noticeable increase up to 30°C for the onset decomposition temperature and 1.32 times larger tensile strength than the pure PAN, indicating that the hybrid nanofiller is a promising candidate in improving thermal and mechanical properties of polymers.

scholarly journals Novel Sulfonated Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymer Ionomer Nanocomposite: Synthesis and Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Sharmila Pradhan ◽  
Stefanie Scholtissek ◽  
Ralf Lach ◽  
Werner Lebek ◽  
Wolfgang Grellmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Cast Technique

The nanocomposites based on sulfonated ethylene/1-octene copolymer (sEOC) and organophilic modified layered silicate were synthesized. The morphology of the ionomeric product was studied with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microhardness measurements. It was shown that via the solution cast technique, the nanocomposite with uniformly distributed filer morphology can be conveniently prepared. The significant enhancement of the mechanical properties due to ionomerization was attested with the help of depth sensing microhardness measurements. It was found that the hardness of ionomer nanocomposite comprising 5 wt.-% layered silicate is approximately four fold of the neat elastomer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v28i0.8060 Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol.28, 2011 Page : 59-66 Uploaded date: May 7, 2013

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Nanocomposite Superhydrophobic Coating

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Divine Sebastian ◽  
Chun-Wei Yao ◽  
Lutfun Nipa ◽  
Ian Lian ◽  
Gary Twu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, a mechanically durable anticorrosion superhydrophobic coating is developed using a nanocomposite coating solution composed of silica nanoparticles and epoxy resin. The nanocomposite coating developed was tested for its superhydrophobic behavior using goniometry; surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy; elemental composition using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; corrosion resistance using atomic force microscopy; and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The nanocomposite coating possesses hierarchical micro/nanostructures, according to the scanning electron microscopy images, and the presence of such structures was further confirmed by the atomic force microscopy images. The developed nanocomposite coating was found to be highly superhydrophobic as well as corrosion resistant, according to the results from static contact angle measurement and potentiodynamic polarization measurement, respectively. The abrasion resistance and mechanical durability of the nanocomposite coating were studied by abrasion tests, and the mechanical properties such as reduced modulus and Berkovich hardness were evaluated with the aid of nanoindentation tests.

Defect-Engineered Graded GexSi1-x Buffers on Si (001) with Extreme Low Threading Dislocation Density

1995 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kissinger ◽  
T. Morgenstern ◽  
G. Morgenstern ◽  
H. B. Erzgräber ◽  
H. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Threading Dislocation ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Threading Dislocation Density

AbstractStepwise equilibrated graded GexSii-x (x≤0.2) buffers with threading dislocation densities between 102 and 103 cm−2 on the whole area of 4 inch silicon wafers were grown and studied by transmission electron microscopy, defect etching, atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

Effectiveness and Reliability of Metal Diffusion Barriers for Copper Interconnects

1995 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bai ◽  
S. Wittenbrock ◽  
V. Ochoa ◽  
R. Villasol ◽  
C. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Diffusion Barriers ◽  
Copper Interconnects ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractCu has two advantages over Al for sub-quarter micron interconnect application: (1) higher conductivity and (2) improved electromigration reliability. However, Cu diffuses quickly in SiO2and Si, and must be encapsulated. Polycrystalline films of Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Ta, W, Mo, TiN, and Metal-Organo Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) TiN and Ti-Si-N have been evaluated as Cu diffusion barriers using electrically biased-thermal-stressing tests. Barrier effectiveness of these thin films were correlated with their physical properties from Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) analysis. The barrier failure is dominated by “micro-defects” in the barrier film that serve as easy pathways for Cu diffusion. An ideal barrier system should be free of such micro-defects (e.g., amorphous Ti-Si-N and annealed Ta). The median-time-to-failure (MTTF) of a Ta barrier (30 nm) has been measured at different bias electrical fields and stressing temperatures, and the extrapolated MTTF of such a barrier is > 100 year at an operating condition of 200C and 0.1 MV/cm.

Development of Ge Nanoparticles Embedded in GeO2 Matrix

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4081-4085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Batra ◽  
D. Kabiraj ◽  
D. Kanjilal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Electron Beam Evaporation ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Raman Analysis ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ge Nanocrystals

Germanium (Ge) nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent optical properties. In this paper, we report on the formation of Ge nanoparticles embedded in GeO2 matrix prepared by electron beam evaporation and subsequent annealing. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies clearly indicate the formation of Ge nanocrystals in the films annealed at 500 °C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies are carried out to verify the evolution of the structure after annealingat each stage. Micro-Raman analysis also confirms the formation of Ge nanoparticles in the annealed films. Development of Ge nanoparticles is also established by photoluminescence (PL) analysis. Surface morphology study is carried out by atomic force microscopy (AFM). It shows the evolution of granular structure of the films with increasing annealing temperature.

scholarly journals Measuring the Autocorrelation Function of Nanoscale Three-Dimensional Density Distribution in Individual Cells Using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, and a New Deconvolution Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Ilker Capoglu ◽  
Karl A. Hujsak ◽  
Dhwanil Damania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission

AbstractEssentially all biological processes are highly dependent on the nanoscale architecture of the cellular components where these processes take place. Statistical measures, such as the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the three-dimensional (3D) mass–density distribution, are widely used to characterize cellular nanostructure. However, conventional methods of reconstruction of the deterministic 3D mass–density distribution, from which these statistical measures can be calculated, have been inadequate for thick biological structures, such as whole cells, due to the conflict between the need for nanoscale resolution and its inverse relationship with thickness after conventional tomographic reconstruction. To tackle the problem, we have developed a robust method to calculate the ACF of the 3D mass–density distribution without tomography. Assuming the biological mass distribution is isotropic, our method allows for accurate statistical characterization of the 3D mass–density distribution by ACF with two data sets: a single projection image by scanning transmission electron microscopy and a thickness map by atomic force microscopy. Here we present validation of the ACF reconstruction algorithm, as well as its application to calculate the statistics of the 3D distribution of mass–density in a region containing the nucleus of an entire mammalian cell. This method may provide important insights into architectural changes that accompany cellular processes.

scholarly journals Spore Coat Architecture of Clostridium novyi NT Spores

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (17) ◽  
pp. 6457-6468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Plomp ◽  
J. Michael McCaffery ◽  
Ian Cheong ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Chetan Bettegowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Amorphous Layer ◽  
Spore Coat ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Clostridium Novyi ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACT Spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi NT are able to germinate in and destroy hypoxic regions of tumors in experimental animals. Future progress in this area will benefit from a better understanding of the germination and outgrowth processes that are essential for the tumorilytic properties of these spores. Toward this end, we have used both transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to determine the structure of both dormant and germinating spores. We found that the spores are surrounded by an amorphous layer intertwined with honeycomb parasporal layers. Moreover, the spore coat layers had apparently self-assembled, and this assembly was likely to be governed by crystal growth principles. During germination and outgrowth, the honeycomb layers, as well as the underlying spore coat and undercoat layers, sequentially dissolved until the vegetative cell was released. In addition to their implications for understanding the biology of C. novyi NT, these studies document the presence of proteinaceous growth spirals in a biological organism.

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