scholarly journals Maternal and Foetal outcome in Cholestasis of Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Sinha ◽  
Subhash Pandey ◽  
C. R. Das
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Foetal Distress ◽  
Preterm Baby ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Foetal Outcome

Background: Obstetric cholestasis has been associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, intrapartum meconium, foetal distress and intrauterine foetal death.Objectives: To know the perinatal outcome of cholestasis in pregnancy.Materials & Methods: This is a hospital based Observational study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital Kohalpur between August 2015 to January 2016.A total of 40 patients were included in the study with diagnosis of obstetric cholestasis. Data were recorded & analysed.Results: The study group of 40 mothers delivered 40 new born. Mean age group of women in the study was 24.9±5.5 years & 70% were primigravida. The mean gestational age at onset of pruritus was 30.33±4.24 weeks. The rate of caesarean section was 40%. Premature membrane rupture noted in 20% cases while 17.5% were postpartum haemorrhage. Regarding foetal outcome; meconium baby 32.5%, Intrapartum foetal distress 17.5%, preterm baby 10% while 37.5% were complication free. There was 2.5% of intrauterine foetal death, where pregnancy continued beyond 38 weeks. Thirteen new borns (32.5%) were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit.Conclusion: Cholestasis in pregnancy is high risk group with adverse perinatal outcomes.JNGMC Vol. 14 No. 1 July 2016, page: 32-35

scholarly journals Outcome of Respiratory distress in Neonates with Bubble CPAP at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (216) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Raja Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Medical College

Introduction: Respiratory distress is one of the commonest problem seen in neonates during admission in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Hyaline Membrane disease, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, septicemia, congenital pneumonia, Transient Tachypnea of Newborn are the major causes of respiratory distress in neonates. Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure is a non-invasive respiratory support delivered to a spontaneously breathing newborn to maintain lung volume during expiration. The main objective of this study was to observe the outcome of respiratory distress in neonates with Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital over six months (October 2018 – March 2019) period. All preterm, term and post term babies with respiratory distress were included. Ethical clearance was received from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College and statistical analysis was done with SPSS 19 version. Results: Sixty three babies with respiratory distress were included in this study with 45 (71%) male predominance. The mean birth weight receiving Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure was 2661.75±84 gms and gestational age was 36.67±3.4 wks. The Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure was started at 8.05±2 hr of life and duration of Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure required for settling respiratory distress was 95.71±3 hrs. Out of 63 babies, improvement of respiratory distress in neonates with Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure was 39 (61%) with confidence interval of (38-62) whereas 24 (39%) babies required mechanical ventilation and other modalities. Conclusions: This study concludes usefulness of Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in neonates with respiratory distress.

scholarly journals A Pattern of Age-related Macular Degeneration

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprada Pokhrel ◽  
O K Malla ◽  
C L Pradhananga ◽  
S N Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Introduction: Age related macular degeneration is a disorder of the macula most often clinicallyapparent affecting central vision and is one of the leading causes of blindness in the populationabove 50 years. The aim of this study is to determine clinical profi le of AMD in Nepalese presentingto a Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu.Methods: It was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. The subjects included in the study were thosepresenting to the Ophthalmology department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospitalfrom July 2007- Dec 2007.The total number of individuals included in the study were 402 and totalnumber of eyes were 804.Results: AMD was observed in 5.2% out of 402 subjects of 40 years and above age group withprevalence increasing with age. The prevalence of AMD was 0.7% within 40-50 years of age-groupindividuals increasing to 2.6% in 51-60 years, 6.5% in 61-70 years and to 19.3% among subjectsabove 71 years. This study revealed that the prevalence of AMD in females was higher with femalepreponderance in ratio of 2.5:1. 52.5 % AMD subjects in our study had visual impairment with 6/24-6/60 vision and 15% had vision <3/60-PL. Our study revealed statistically signifi cant increased riskfor AMD with aging (p=0.00). Increased risk was observed in female gender and diabetics though theOdds ratio (OR) was statistically insignifi cant (p=>0.01).Conclusions: Prevalence of AMD in Nepalese presenting to Kathmandu Medical College TeachingHospital was 5% with female preponderance in ratio of 2.5:1. Aging showed statistically signifi cantincreased risk for AMD development in this study.Key Words: Age-related macular degeneration, blindness, Nepalese, prevalence

scholarly journals Burden and spectrum of neonatal surgical diseases in a tertiary hospital: a decade experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth Madapura Virupakshappa ◽  
Nidhi Rajendra
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Hospital Pediatric

Background: Surgical emergencies in the newborns are an important and integral part of neonatal admissions in any tertiary Neonatal intensive care units. Surgical emergencies in the newborn constitute congenital anomalies and acquired neonatal emergencies. It is necessary to know the burden of these illnesses and their spectrum by regular auditing the data available to understand the relative incidence and outcome of these neonatal emergencies. Aims and objective of the study is to determine the spectrum of the different neonatal surgical emergencies (congenital and acquired) admitted, operated and managed in a tertiary NICU from June 2001 to May 2011(10 yrs) in a medical college teaching hospital in South IndiaMethods: The data was collected by retrospectively auditing the hospital pediatric and neonatal admission registry, neonatal surgical registry, admission case sheets from June 2001 to June 2011 (10 yrs). Data was analysed. Only confirmed post-operative surgical diagnosis were considered for inclusion in the study.Results: Of the 13,118 newborns admitted in the NICU in 10 years, 601 cases (4.6%) were surgical neonates which were treated in the unit. 83.5% of surgical neonates were operated for congenital surgical disorders. Gastrointestinal anomalies (50%) were the leading causes of neonatal surgical emergencies. Anorectal malformations (18.5%), idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (10.6%) and esophageal atresia with/without tracheo-esophageal fistula (8.7%) were the leading surgical causes which needed immediate surgical intervention in the newborn period. 28 different spectrum of cases were operated including 15 rarer once (<1% incidence each).Conclusions: Surgical new-borns comprises of an important and integral part of neonatal admissions (4.6/100 neonatal admissions). The incidence of the rarer diseases constitutes 8% of the total surgical cases. Gastrointestinal anomalies are the leading causes requiring surgical interventions in the immediate newborn period. It is worthy to understand the spectrum of illnesses in any tertiary unit by regularly auditing the data available.

scholarly journals Indications of Caesarean Section - Study of 100 cases in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Khairun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Previous Caesarean Section ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Foetal Distress ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Foetal Outcome ◽  
Primary Section

This study was a prospective descriptive one. It was done in MMCH from January 1996 to march 1996. A total of 714 deliveries occurred of which 225 deliveries by Caeserean section, incidence of LSCS was 30.36%. The commonest age group of patients being operated ranged from 20 - 30 yrs (77%). Most of the patients who had undergone LSCS were multigravida (45%). The section were due to various indications, the commonest cause in this study was previous caesarean section, foetal distress and obstructed labour. The rate of primary section was more (84%) while repeat section being 16%. The peak range of operations were done in patients with 5 feet 2 inches height. The rate of elective operation was 37% . where emergency operations were done in 63% of cases. Regarding foetal outcome. 92% survived and 8% had perinatal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v1i1.12167 Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Vol.1, No.1, December 2009 p.6-10

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Influence of Body Mass Index on Clinical Outcomes of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1383-1387
Author(s):  
Bhanubhakta Neupane ◽  
Gyanendra Man Singh Karki ◽  
Hanoon P Pokharel ◽  
Prerana Dahal ◽  
Garima Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽  
Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Bmi

Introduction: Although laparoscopy is a safe route of hysterectomy as it provides battier view of abdominal anatomy, facilitates meticulous hemostasis and reduces surgical morbidity, laparoscopic hysterectomy in overweight and obese women may pose an increased risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications as omental fat and limited manipulation of instruments may render operation difficult. Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on the clinical outcome of total laparoscopichysterectomy. Methodology: This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in 190 patients who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Birat Medical College, Teaching Hospital from July, 2019 to November 2020.Ninety five patients were enrolled in high BMI group and normal BMI group each Result: Mean BMI was 28.90±2.27 ( Kg/M2)in high BMI group and 23.54 ± 1.14 (Kg/M2)in normal BMI group. Urinary tract injury occurred in 4 (4.21%) cases in high BMI group and 2 (2.1%) cases in normal BMI group. Intraoperative and immediate postoperative complication were similar in both groups. Conclusion: Intraoperative and postoperative complications were similar in both the groups. Patients with high BMI have no increased risk of complications during total laparoscopic hysterectomy. 

Prevalence and Etiology of Neonatal Jaundice in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Niraj Acharya ◽  
Chandra Prasad Paneru
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Medical College

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice is a major clinical condition worldwide occurring in upto 60% of term and 80% preterm newborn in the first week of life. Neonatal jaundice is defined as total serum bilirubin level above 7 mg/dl. Aims:  This study was done to find out the prevalence and etiology of neonatal jaundice in neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH) Kohalpur, Banke. Methods: It was a prospective cross sectional hospital based study conducted from November 2018 to November 2019 in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. All neonates with clinical jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia with total serum bilirubin of ≥7 mg/dl were subjected to complete history taking, through physical examination and investigations. Results: Out of 892 neonates who developed clinical jaundice, 640 neonates whose parents gave consent were included in the study. The prevalence of neonatal jaundice was found to be 39.85% with male to female ratio of 1.79:1. In the present study pathological jaundice was seen in 74.94% whereas physiological jaundice in 23.66%. Among the various etiologies of pathological jaundice, neonatal sepsis (44.52%) was found to be the most common cause followed by ABO incompatibility (12.18%) and Rh incompatibility (7.03%). Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal jaundice in present study was 39.85% and the most common cause was neonatal sepsis .The prevalence of jaundice was more in preterm than in term neonates. Neonatal jaundice is very common morbidity in NICU especially in preterm babies.

Phototherapy Induced Hypocalcaemia in Neonates with Jaundice

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rajesh KC ◽  
Piush Kanodia
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is seen mainly in the first week of life and in many of the cases it is only in physiological range which requires no intervention. Approximately 5-10% of them have clinically significant jaundice that requires phototherapy and even exchange transfusion. Phototherapy can produce various adverse effects; hypocalcaemia is one of the lesser known effects. So, estimation of calcium levels before and after phototherapy should be done in neonates with jaundice. Aims: The aim of this study is to determine hypocalcaemia, in neonates receiving phototherapy, by measuring serum calcium levels. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted, from February 2020 to August 2020, on 50 neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy. Serum calcium levels were evaluated before and after phototherapy. Neonates were assessed for clinical features of hypocalcaemia i.e. jitteriness, irritability/ excitability and convulsions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.P value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Frequency of hypocalcaemia after phototherapy was 26%. There was significant change in serum calcium levels before and after phototherapy (p<0.01). Among hypocalcaemic neonates, 56% were symptomatic; 38% developed jitteriness, 18% developed irritability / excitability and none of them developed convulsions. Conclusion: Neonates undergoing phototherapy are at increased risk for hypocalcaemia. Monitoring for hypocalcaemia and its complications should be considered. However, universal recommendation of calcium supplementation is yet to be established but seems reasonable.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF POSITIVITY OF CRP TEST IN EARLY ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS IN RELATION TO DURATION OF PROM VS PROM DELIVERY INTERVAL (PDI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiksha Sharma ◽  
Girijanand Jha ◽  
Binod Kr Singh ◽  
Saroj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
History Of

Early onset infections are caused by organism prevalent in the maternal genital tract or in the delivery area. PROM is rupture of membranes before the onset of labour after 37 completed weeks of gestation. Intra amniotic infection is an acute inflammation of the membrane and chorion of the placenta, typically due to ascending polymicrobial bacterial infection in the setting of membrane rupture. Hence based on above conditions the present study was planned for Evaluation of Positivity of CRP test in early Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Relation to Duration of PROM vs PROM Delivery Interval (PDI). The present study was planned in Department of Pediatrics, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The study was planned from November 2018 to June 2019. In the present study 50 mothers attended t antenatal clinic towards term pregnancy with history of leaking or confirmed PROM were enrolled. Clinical PROM was confirmed by speculum examination and the duration was recorded. All cases managed actively and the interval between PROM and delivery were recorded in obstetric unit of this hospital. The data generated from the present study concludes that even if 6 hour PROM is high risk for EONS, PDI should be considered first before PROM. So that, we will be more cautious and supportive and use of antibiotics in treatment to prevent need for neonatal intensive care without increase in perinatal morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Early onset Sepsis (EOS), C- Reactive Protein (CRP), Premature rupture of membrane( PROM) PROM delivery interval(PDI), etc.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF THE IMPACT OF POSTNATAL NUTRITION ON THE GROWTH OF PRETERM INFANTS <34 WEEKS GESTATIONAL AGE FROM BIRTH TO DISCHARGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
JITENDRA SINGH FAUJDAR ◽  
KALPANA SINGH ◽  
RAJVEER SINGH YADAV ◽  
JITENDRA KUMAR GUPTA ◽  
MUNISH KAKKAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Preterm Baby ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to measure the actual daily amount of each nutrient (protein, glucose, and fat) energy and fluid as per current ESPGHAN guidelines for preterm infants and to analyze the role of nutrients at different gestational age on growth and weight of preterm infants. Material and Methods: An observational and prospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018. This study included all preterm infants born <34 weeks gestational age admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit during this period at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital. A total of 120 preterm neonates were studied. Results: There were mean weight, length, and head circumference continues to rise till the study end. Mean energy at birth was also continues to rise till the end. Conclusion: In the study, proper nutritional supplement as per ESPHAGEN guidelines was used for the development of preterm infant. The study showed that there were statistically significant results with anthropometry parameters with preterm baby growth in all domains.

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