scholarly journals Nicotine Dependence and Periodontal Status among Tobacco Users in a Dental Hospital of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Sirjana Dahal ◽  
Prakash Poudel ◽  
Shradha Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Dental Hospital

 Introduction: Tobacco use in any form (smoking or smokeless) has been recognised to be a significant risk factor for the development and progression of periodontal disease. Objective: To assess the nicotine dependence and periodontal status among tobacco users of a dental hospital of Kathmandu Valley and determine their association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 164 tobacco users visiting a dental hospital of Kathmandu. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. Their periodontal status was examined using community periodontal index and loss of attachment. Data were entered in Microsoft excel sheet and analysed in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20. Mean, standard deviation, proportion, and percentage were calculated depending upon the nature of data. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the association between different variables. Results: Most of the tobacco smokers (34, 63.0%), chewers (12, 48.0%), and dual users (smoke=55, 64.7%; smokeless= 46, 54.1%) in this study showed low nicotine dependence. Majority of the tobacco users surveyed had periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm (73, 44.5%) and loss of attachment of 6-8 mm (79, 48.2%). Tobacco smokers and chewers having moderate or high nicotine dependence had periodontitis significantly higher than those who had low dependence. Conclusion: The findings in this study conclude that most of the individuals using tobacco in any form have periodontal diseases. Nicotine dependence is significantly associated with increased periodontal breakdown.

scholarly journals Status periodontal pelajar umur 12 – 14 tahun di SMP Negeri 2 Ranoyapo Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

e-GIGI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace M. M. Sompie ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan ◽  
Juliatri .
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: The growth and developmemental process of adolescence to the adult stage is marked by the presence of physiological and hormonal changes as well as mental and mindset maturity. Adolescents should aware of the needs of dental and oral hygiene in order to prevent the occurence of periodontal diseases. This study aimed to obtain the periodontal status of students aged 12-14 years at SMP Negeri 2 Ranoyapo South Minahasa. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 64 students obtained by using total sampling method. Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was evaluated on them. The results showed that of 64 students aged 12-14 years, 8 had (12.5%) healthy periodontal tissue (Score 0); 3 (4.6%) had gingival bleeding without calculus (score 1); 44 (68.7%) had gingival bleeding associated calculus (Score 2); 9 (14.0%) had periodontal pockets sized 3.5-5.5 mm; and no one had periodontal pocket sized >5.5 mm. Conclusion: Based on CPITN evaluation, most of the students at SMP Negeri 2 Ranoyapo South Minahasa showed gingival bleeding associated with calculus.Keywords: periodontal status, youth, CPITNAbstrak: Proses tumbuh kembang dari masa remaja sampai ke tahap dewasa ditandai dengan adanya perubahan fisiologis dan hormonal serta kematangan mental dan pola pikir. Anak remaja seharusnya memiliki kesadaran terhadap kebutuhan kebersihan gigi dan mulut guna untuk mencengah terjadinya penyakit periodontal, karena itu jika anak remaja kurang kesadaran terhadap kebersihan gigi dan mulut akan memiliki resiko terhadap penyakit periodontal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status periodontal pelajar umur 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri 2 Ranoyapo Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Ranoyapo Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 64 orang yang diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN) dievaluasi pada setiap subyek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 64 subyek penelitian, skor CPITN tertinggi sebanyak 43 orang (67,2%) yang mengalami perdarahan gingiva disertai kalkulus dan skor CPITN terendah yaitu 4 orang (6,2%) yang mengalami perdarahan gingiva tidak disertai kalkulus. Simpulan: Penilaian status periodontal dengan CPITN mendapatkan sebagian besar pelajar mengalami perdarahan gingival disertai kalkulus.Kata kunci: status periodontal, remaja, CPITN

COMPARISON OF PERIODONTAL STATUS AMONG MILD, MODERATE AND HEAVY SMOKERS IN FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Siti Muthi’atun Naila ◽  
Pitu Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Smoking is associated with a wide spectrum of disease including systemic diseases such as cancer, lung,and cardiovascular disease. Smoking is one of the risk factors that cause the severity of periodontal disease which is influenced by the number of cigarettes consumed per day. This study was aimed to analyze the comparison among periodontal status in mild, moderate, and heavy smokers in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This study was an observational analytic study with the cross-sectional approach,and sampling was done by purposive sampling method. This study was held in PeriodonticsInstallation, USU Dental Hospital (RSGM USU) with a total number of 80 sampleswas selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A questionnaire and informed consent form were distributed to the samples at the beginning of the study followed by oral examination such as Periodontal Index Russell. The analysis data was performed by one way ANOVA test to show the differences in periodontal status among mild, moderate, and heavy smokers. The results showed that there was a significant difference among the mean of periodontal index scores in mild, moderate, and heavy smokers (p<0,05). As a conclusion,the more cigarettes consumed the worse of periodontal status.

Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Status of Visually Impaired Individuals of a Residential School in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Dhirendra Kumar Giri ◽  
Rajkumar Jha ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Residential School ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
The Mean

 Introduction: Gingival and periodontal diseases are a matter of serious concern in Nepalese population. These diseases may also be present in visually impaired individuals. So, the scientific fact is necessary to unmask this and the pathogenesis behind it. Objective: To assess the oral hygiene and periodontal status of visually impaired individuals of a residential school in Eastern Nepal. Methods: A study was conducted at Gyanchakchu Vidyalaya in Dharan-15. A total of 130 visually impaired individuals (88 males and 42 females) with the mean age of 6-20 years were included in the study. Information regarding oral hygiene practices was gathered through personal interaction by the interviewers. Oral hygiene status was assessed by using Plaque Index of Silness and Loe (1964) and Gingival Index of Loe and Silness (1963) and to assess the periodontal status, Community Periodontal Index was used. Results: A total of 112 (86.2%) participants, brushed their teeth with the help of toothbrush and toothpaste, 101 (77.7%) of them brushed once a day in morning, 83 (63.8%) of the students used horizontal brushing technique and 90 (69.2%) of the students rinsed their mouth after meal. Periodontal and gingival status of visually impaired individual show that majority 90 (69.2%) had no periodontal pocket and 83 (63.8%) had slight loss of attachment. Conclusion: The oral hygiene status and periodontal status of visually impaired individuals can be improved more through an in-service educational programmes

scholarly journals A Clinicopathologic and Epidemiologic Study of Chronic White Lesions in the Oral Mucosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. E13-E17
Author(s):  
Sampurna Ghosh ◽  
Sudipta Pal ◽  
Soumya Ghatak ◽  
Somnath Saha ◽  
Surajit Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Excision Biopsy ◽  
Severe Dysplasia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

Invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma is often preceded by the presence of clinically identifiable premalignant changes of the oral mucosa, including white lesions. We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study to assess the clinicopathologic and epidemiologic aspects of chronic oral mucosal white lesions to determine the necessity of early biopsy in these cases. Our study population was made up of 77 patients—50 males and 27 females, aged 15 to 70 years (mean: 42.9)—who presented with white lesions persisting for at least 4 weeks. All but 3 patients underwent a biopsy; the 3 exceptions were diagnosed with smear-proven candidiasis. Patients with moderate or severe dysplasia underwent an excision biopsy. The buccal mucosa was the single most common site of white lesions, occurring in 15 patients (19.5%), although 21 patients (27.3%) exhibited a diffuse involvement of the oral mucosa. Of the 77 patients, 59 (76.6%) had concerning findings: premalignant lesions in 45 patients (58.4%) and malignant lesions in 14 (18.2%). Also, dysplasia was seen in 8 patients (10.4%), all of whom had premalignant lesions. Tobacco chewing (p = 0.008) and betel quid chewing (p = 0.029) were significantly associated with the development of premalignant and malignant lesions; a longer duration of tobacco chewing (≥10 yr) was significantly associated with a higher risk of malignant but not premalignant lesions (p = 0.031). Finally, illiteracy was a significant risk factor for premalignant and malignant lesions (p = 0.03). Our findings support the necessity of biopsy in every case. Early detection of oral carcinoma by biopsy of all oral white lesions would not only prevent patients from undergoing disfiguring surgery and chemoradiation, but it also would increase the 5-year survival rate.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene Status, Periodontal Status, and Periodontal Treatment Needs among Institutionalized Intellectually Disabled Subjects in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima S. Kadam ◽  
Rahul Patil ◽  
Abhijit N. Gurav ◽  
Yojana Patil ◽  
Abhijeet Shete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

The aim of the study was to determine influence of intellectually disability (ID) on oral hygiene status (OHS), periodontal status (PS), and periodontal treatment needs (PTNs) and investigate the association of these clinical parameters with various sociodemographic and clinical variables among multicentric institutionalized ID subjects aged 5–55 years in Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by both questionnaire and clinical examination. OHS, PS, and PTNs of these subjects were assessed by recording Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs, respectively. Analysis of variance and multiple logistic and stepwise linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Of the 576 subjects examined, the mean age of the subjects was 17.50 ± 7.4 years. Subjects with profound level of ID had the highest mean OHI-S, PS, and PTNs scores of 4.47 ± 1.04, 2.84 ± 0.78, and 2.25 ± 0.44, respectively, as compared with other ID groups (P<0.0001). The present study signified that ID subjects had poor OHS and PS with the highest PTNs and were influenced by age (P<0.0001), degree of ID (P<0.0001), SES, location, institution type, and parent’s level education. The present study underlines a considerable need for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease among ID subjects in India.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
K. Kokila ◽  
K. Chellavel Ganapathi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slum Population

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent epidemic. The true prevalence of CKD with in a population are very difficult to estimate, since early to moderate CKD were usually asymptomatic. ESRD in the consequence of CKD is one of the most expensive diseases to treat.Only way is to prevent it and Hence this was conducted to estimate the prevalence of CKD and its associated risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai.Methods: This is a cross sectional study done from May 2013 to June 2014 in selected slums of Chennai. The study population includes adult males and females. Multi stage sampling method used. Sample size covered was 400. A semi structured questionnaire used as tool. Based on the serum creatinine eGFR calculated using modified MDRD study equation and CKD prevalence was identified. The data was entered in MS excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results: Total of 400 participants involved. Females were predominant in the study. Among them, 67 (16.8%) were diagnosed as CKD patients and Stage 1, 4.0% had stage 2, 3.6% had stage 3, 1.3% had stage 4 and 0.5% had stage 5 at the time of diagnosis.Conclusions: This study revealed prevalence of CKD among slum population was 16.8%. This study showed that old age, uncontrolled hypertension, uneducated, Diabetes with poor control, overuse of analgesics, H/o smoking, obesity, alcoholism, passive smoking, family H/o CKD and proteinuria were significant risk factor for CKD among study subjects. Slum population with risk factors should be regularly screened for CKD.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Infection with Soil Transmitted Helminths, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis in Children Enrolled in Preschools in Kafue District, Zambia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Siwila ◽  
Annette Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths

Intestinal parasitic infections are common among children worldwide. This study was aimed at determining risk factors for infection with soil transmitted helminths, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis, among children in preschools. The study was in two parts: a cross-sectional study in which data were collected from 403 children from 10 preschools and a longitudinal study in which 100 children from four preschools from the previous 10 were selected. Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides was 12.0%, while that of hookworm was 8.3%. Overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis was 28.0% and 29.0%, respectively. Low education level of parent/guardian was a significant risk factor for A. lumbricoides (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.02–5.41; P=0.04), while roofing types other than corrugated iron sheets were found to be protective for G. duodenalis infection in both bivariate and multivariate analyses (multivariate: OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45–0.99; P=0.04). Low socioeconomic level was found to be protective for Cryptosporidium spp. infection in multivariate analysis (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.35–0.99; P=0.04). In the longitudinal study, none of the factors were associated with either infection. These findings may have implications for other preschools in other districts in Zambia.

scholarly journals Periodontal clinical features of bronchial asthma patient using inhalation drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Maria Efrinta Ginting ◽  
Rosiliwati Wihardja ◽  
Dyah Nindita Carolina
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Bronchial asthma patients use inhalation drugs as therapy to achieve a controlled asthma state. Inhaled corticosteroids and β2 agonists are the medication that is being used in this case. Prolonged use of inhalation drugs will affect the health of periodontal tissue. The effect of these drugs can reduce the periodontal defense mechanism and increase the risk of periodontal disease. This study aims to determine the periodontal clinical features of bronchial asthma patients using inhalation drugs. Method: This research was a descriptive study. The sample of the study were 22 females and 8 males bronchial asthma patients at the Community Lung Health Center of Bandung (Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Bandung/BBKPM Bandung) who had been using inhalation drugs for at least one year. The periodontal clinical feature was assessed by employing a Community Periodontal Index (CPI) modified with probing the gingival sulcus to assess the presence of gingival bleeding, periodontal pocket, and loss of clinical attachment where then a periodontal status was obtained. The periodontal status data were then processed using the periodontitis case definitions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) to determine periodontal disease in asthmatics patients. Results: Clinical features of gingival bleeding were found in 26 asthmatic patients (86.7%), periodontal pockets in 18 asthmatic patients (60%), and loss of clinical attachment in 27 asthmatic patients (90%). Based on the CDC/AAP case definition, 23 asthmatic patients (76.7%) had periodontitis. Bronchial asthma patients who used inhalation drugs had a risk of periodontitis.Conclusion: Bronchial asthma patients who used inhalation drugs for at least one year had gingival bleeding and loss of clinical attachment and periodontal pocket.

scholarly journals Age, ethnic and travel-related disparities in kissing and sexual practices among heterosexual men in Melbourne, Australia

Sexual Health ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Finley J. Charleson ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Jane S. Hocking ◽  
Lenka A. Vodstrcil ◽  
Catriona S. Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background The kissing practices of heterosexual men are not well understood, despite the potential of kissing to be a significant risk factor for gonorrhoea transmission. This study aimed to explore kissing and sex practices among heterosexual men. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among heterosexual men attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in 2016–2017 was conducted. Men were asked to report their number of kissing-only (in the absence of sex), sex-only (in the absence of kissing) and kissing-with-sex partners in the last 3 months. The mean number of each partner type was calculated, and multivariable negative binomial regression was used to investigate associations between the number of different types of partners and demographic characteristics. Results: Of the 2351 heterosexual men, men reported a mean of 2.98 kissing-only, 0.54 sex-only and 2.64 kissing-with-sex partners in the last 3 months. Younger men had a mean higher number of kissing-only partners than older men (4.52 partners among men aged ≤24 years compared with 1.75 partners among men ≥35 years, P &lt; 0.001). Men born in Europe had the most kissing-only partners (mean: 5.16 partners) and men born in Asia had the fewest kissing-only partners (mean: 1.61 partners). Men recently arrived in Australia, including travellers from overseas, had significantly more kissing-only partners (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR): 1.53; 95% CI: 1.31–1.80) than local men. Conclusions: This study provides novel data about kissing practices of heterosexual men. Studies assessing oropharyngeal gonorrhoea should include measurements of kissing until studies can clarify its contribution to transmission risk.

scholarly journals Comparison of Laryngoscopic Views between C-MAC™ and Conventional Laryngoscopy in Patients with Multiple Preoperative Prognostic Criteria of Difficult Intubation. An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Amaniti ◽  
Panagiota Papakonstantinou ◽  
Dimitrios Gkinas ◽  
Ioannis Dalakakis ◽  
Evangelia Papapostolou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Difficult Intubation ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laryngoscopic View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intubation Difficulty ◽  
Difficulty Scale

Background and Objectives: Video laryngoscopy has been proven useful under difficult airway scenarios, but it is unclear whether anticipated improvement of visualization is related to specific difficult intubation prognostic factors. The present study evaluated the change in laryngoscopic view between conventional and C-MAC® laryngoscopy and the presence of multiple difficult intubation risk factors. Materials and Methods: Patients scheduled for elective surgery with >2 difficult intubation factors, (Mallampati, thyromental distance (TMD), interinscisor gap, buck teeth, upper lip bite test, cervical motility, body mass index (BMI)) were eligible. Patients underwent direct laryngoscopy (DL) followed by C-MAC™ laryngoscopy (VL) and intubation. Change of view between DL and VL, time for best view, intubation difficulty scale (IDS) and correlation between prognostic factors, laryngoscopic view improvement, and IDS were measured. Results: One-hundred and seventy-six patients completed the study. VL lead to fewer Cormarck–Lehane (C/L) III-IV, compared to DL (13.6% versus 54.6%, p < 0.001). The time to best view was also shorter (VL: 10.82 s, DL: 12.08 s, p = 0.19). Mallampati III-IV and TMD ≤ 6 cm were related to improvement of C/L between DL and VL. Logistic regression showed these two factors to be a significant risk factor of the glottis view change (p = 0.006, AUC-ROC = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.47–0.66). 175/176 patients were intubated with VL. 108/176 were graded as 0 < IDS ≤ 5 and 12/176 as IDS > 5. IDS was only correlated to the VL view (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: VL improved laryngoscopic view in patients with multiple factors of difficult intubation. Mallampati and TMD were related to the improved view. However, intubation difficulty was only related to the VL view and not to prognostic factors.

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