scholarly journals Psychiatric Co-morbidity in HIV/AIDS: A Neglected Issue

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Subedi ◽  
P Chalise ◽  
TK Aich ◽  
DK Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS epidemic remains among the most significant challenges to public healthcare systems worldwide . There are approximately 50,200 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in Nepal among the total 33 million PLHAs . Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a significant cause of death and disability, especially in developing countries. Studies have shown that there is a bidirectional link between Mental illness and HIV/AIDS. However, mental illnesses are under detected in HIV/AIDS care settings. In spite of a good financial support from international partners, PLHA in Nepal do not receive necessary psychiatric services. Psychiatric illness in patients with HIV/AIDS has been associated with negative health behaviors and poorer clinical outcomes. This article, therefore, aims to highlight this issue among the stakeholders by reviewing the research on the topic in Nepal and making them aware of the need to DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2.9718  J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 6-10

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS SEBAGAI “RUANG” PELAYANAN PASTORAL GEREJA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Robinson Simanungkalit
Keyword(s):  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Church ◽  
Hiv Aids

It is important to explain some important things on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This study was aimed to to provide a proper understanding on the HIV/AIDS. Consequently, this study described what the HIV/AIDS is, the history of the emergence of HIV/AIDS, the transmission of HIV/AIDS, and the effects of HIV/AIDS on infected human. People infected with HIV and AIDS are referred to as PLWHA (People living with HIV and AIDS). They may be church citizens. Therefore, the church must not "turn a blind eye", but is required to be proactive in responding to people who have infected with HIV/AIDS.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Sangatlah penting untuk menjelaskan beberapa hal penting tentang HIV/AIDS guna memberikan pemahaman yang benar tentang HIV/AIDS. Dibutuhkan penjelasan tentang apa itu HIV/AIDS, Sejarah munculnya HIV/AIDS, Penularan HIV/AIDS dan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh HIV/AIDS terhadap orang- orang yang terinfeksi. Orang yang terinfeksi HIV dan AIDS itu disebut sebagai ODHA (Orang yang hidup dengan HIV dan AIDS). Mungkin saja mereka adalah warga gereja dan karena itu gereja tidak boleh “menutup mata” tetapi dituntut untuk proaktif dalam menyikapi keberadaan warganya yang terinfeksi HIV/AIDS.Keywords: HIV/AIDS, ODHA

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Lebanon

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249025
Author(s):  
Lara Youssef ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
Pascale Salameh ◽  
Michelle Cherfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Advocacy Campaigns ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background Up till today, studies carried in Lebanon have focused more on the prevalence of HIV and behaviors and quality of life of infected individuals, however, none of these studies discussed the degree of stigma towards these populations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the rate of stigma in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice towards patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA) and examine the factors associated with this stigma. Methods A cross-sectional survey, enrolling 862 participants, was carried across the five governorates in Lebanon: Beirut, Mount Lebanon, North, South and Bekaa. The survey was a self-administered questionnaire which covered information about participants’ general demographics, their knowledge, attitudes, practices and awareness towards HIV/AIDS in Lebanon., attitudes towards PLWHA, practices related to HIV/AIDS and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS situation in Lebanon. Results The response rate to the survey was 78.36% (862 participants). Being Muslim (Beta = -2.56) or Druze (Beta = -2.64) compared to Christians were significantly associated with lower knowledge towards HIV/AIDS, whereas having a secondary (Beta = 2.71) and a university (Beta = 3.04) levels of education compared to illiteracy and higher age (Beta = 0.05) were significantly associated with higher knowledge. Higher knowledge (Beta = 0.66) was significantly associated with better attitude, whereas higher age (Beta = -0.14) and being Muslim compared to Christian (Beta = -3.44) were significantly associated with worse attitude. Better attitude (Beta = 0.02) was significantly associated with better practice, whereas females compared to males (Beta = -0.39), having a secondary level of education compared to illiteracy (Beta = -0.88) and being Muslim compared to Christian (Beta = -0.32) were significantly associated with worse practice. Conclusion Our results stress the need for educational programs, advocacy campaigns and policies to help reduce HIV stigma. This will then help start developing interventions and strategies for a possible reduction in the stigmatization level.

Agencies and Mechanisms of Social Inclusion and Exclusion Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Mizoram

2021 ◽  
pp. 239448112110203
Author(s):  
Lalrempui Khawlhring ◽  
Lily Sangpui ◽  
Kanagaraj Easwaran
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Church ◽  
Hiv Aids

The association of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) with stigma and discrimination remain a challenge in combating HIV/AIDS. It pushes people to remain hidden with the potential to manifest in the future. This study aims to examine the agencies and mechanisms of social inclusion and exclusion among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the state of Mizoram. The study covers two districts of Mizoram, Lunglei and Saiha districts, selected purposively. Respondents were identified through different gateways like non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and hospital. A total of sixty respondents were interviewed, thirty respondents from each district selected proportionately. The study reveals that the same agencies which cater to the inclusion of PLWHA can also exclude them through different mechanisms. Agencies at primary and secondary level adopted a mixture of both inclusionary and exclusionary measures. At tertiary level NGOs, hospitals staff are seen to be more inclusionary than social institutions such as the church and youth associations. The study highlights the need for greater awareness on HIV/AIDS at the individual and community level.

Estratificação de Indivíduos com HIV/AIDS Considerando Aspectos Demográficos e Contagem de Células Cd4/Cd8 em Hospital Provincial de Angola, África

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Sandra Augusta Pedro Alberto ◽  
Janete Lane Amadei
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Angola, país Africano, registra perdas consideráveis relacionadas às doenças transmissíveis e às mortes prematuras e evitáveis, principalmente, de mulheres e de crianças, agravadas pela desestruturação da qual o país foi vítima ao longo do conflito armado. No diagnóstico da AIDS, os exames laboratoriais de contagem de células T CD4+, CD8+ e carga viral são usados como parâmetros para monitorar a saúde dos pacientes, que utilizam a terapia antirretroviral e avaliar o momento certo para iniciar ou modificar esta terapia. Estudo desenvolvido com objetivo de analisar exames para HIV/Aids realizados em Hospital Provincial de Lubango, Angola – África. Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo compreendendo o período de janeiro a junho de 2014. Foram analisados 981 resultados de exames com uma média de 163,5 por mês. A idade média obtida foi de 35 anos, com resultados médios de 385,1/mm3 para CD4+ e 1060,0/ mm3 para CD8+. Os itens que apresentaram significância com p<0,01 foram: procedência ambulatorial; menores valores de CD4+ para os homens, com idade de 60 anos ou mais seguido de 30 a 60 anos. O monitoramento de linfócitos T CD4+ apresentou  valores baixos na maioria da população que realizou os exames, implicando em indicação de terapia antirretroviral e progressão da patologia com comprometimento da saúde das pessoas analisadas. Palavras-chave: Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Gestão de Saúde. Sistema de Saúde. Atendimento Secundário AbstractAngola, an African country, has considerable losses related to communicable diseases and premature and preventable deaths mainly of women and children, aggravated by the destructuring of which the country has been victimized during the armed conflict.The progression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) characterized by numerous pathological changes in the cellular immune system. Study designed to analyze tests for HIV / AIDS held in Hospital Provincial  laboratory Lubango, Angola - Africa. Descriptive, retrospective study conducted in Hospital Provincial covering the period from January to June 2014. 981 test results were analyzed spread between the months from January to June 2014 with an average of 163.5 per month. The average age obtained was 35 years, with average scores of 385.1 / mm3 for CD4+ and 1060.0 / mm3 for CD8+. The items which were significant highlights are lower CD4+ values for men aged 60 years or more followed 30-60 years; with outpatient origin. Monitoring of CD4+ T lymphocytes are underestimated in most of the population who performed the tests. This involves antiretroviral therapy indication of the pathology affecting the analyzed people’s health living with HIV / AIDS . Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Health Management. Health System. Secondary Care.

Mechanisms of immune aging in HIV

2022 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Manon Chauvin ◽  
Delphine Sauce
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Hiv Progression ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Massive CD4+ T-cell depletion as well as sustained immune activation and inflammation are hallmarks of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 infection. In recent years, an emerging concept draws an intriguing parallel between HIV-1 infection and aging. Indeed, many of the alterations that affect innate and adaptive immune subsets in HIV-infected individuals are reminiscent of the process of immune aging, characteristic of old age. These changes, of which the presumed cause is the systemic immune activation established in patients, likely participate in the immuno-incompetence described with HIV progression. With the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-seropositive patients can now live for many years despite chronic viral infection. However, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections have given way to chronic diseases as the leading cause of death since HIV infection. Therefore, the comparison between HIV-1 infected patients and uninfected elderly individuals goes beyond the sole onset of immunosenescence and extends to the deterioration of several physiological functions related to inflammation and systemic aging. In light of this observation, it is interesting to understand the precise link between immune activation and aging in HIV-1 infection to figure out how to best care for people living with HIV (PLWH).

scholarly journals Reduction of CD4 count induces opportunistic infections in people living with HIV (PLHIV)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashed Noor ◽  
Md. Morsalin ◽  
Bidhan Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv

Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lentivirus (member of the retrovirus family) causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), weakens the immune system of the body and hence associates different opportunistic infections. Present study undertook a survey on opportunistic infections. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from both HIV carriers (CD4 count more than 250/mL of blood) and AIDS patients (CD4 count less than 250/mL of blood). Results: Analyses of the data revealed that diarrhoea, pulmonary tuberculosis, gland tuberculosis, skin lesions and fever were the common opportunistic infections. Conclusion: It can be summarized that HIV infected patients having a reduced CD4 count (<250/mL) encounter different opportunistic infections and some of these infections could be continual for long as well. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i3.19151 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(3) 2014 p.285-291

1. The emergence and state of the HIV and AIDS epidemic

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Alan Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Marginal Groups ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

‘The emergence and state of the HIV and AIDS epidemic’ outlines the emergence of HIV/AIDS, charting the current state of the disease globally. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus. The spread of AIDS is a complex, long-wave, epidemic event, with waves of spread followed by waves of impact. The future of HIV/AIDS is, epidemiologically, reasonably predictable. Unless the virus mutates and becomes more easily transmitted it will be contained. Science is advancing, with new treatments becoming available and technological prevention methods, microbicides, and vaccines in the pipeline. The impacts are less certain, but will be confined to the worst affected countries and most marginal groups.

scholarly journals PERMASALAHAN GENDER DALAM KASUS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS - ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (HIV-AIDS) DI INDONESIA

EGALITA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avin Ainur
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Crisis Phenomenon ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p>HIV-AIDS epidemic is a global crisis phenomenon and the hardes challenges for social development, particularly for underdevelopment countries. In general, people with HIV-AIDS are adults who are at the productive age and almost half are women. The National HIV-AIDS Prevention Commission stated that the number of housewives infected by HIV continues to increase significantly every year. Conversely, the number<br />of HIV infected people from commercial sex workers decreased. This is due to HIV transmission from their husband or intimate partners who have risky behavior. This condition concern an increase in the number of cases of HIV transmission from mother to child. HIV-AIDS problems are expected immediately handled and focused on the prevention of HIV-AIDS on housewives. An attempt to strengthen human rights program on <br />women’s reproduction and improve women’s bargaining power to resist high risk sexual relations must be implemented sustainably.</p><p>HIV-AIDS merupakan fenomena krisis global dan tantangan yang berat bagi pembangunan dan kemajuan social, terutama bagi negara-negara miskin. Pada umumnya, penderita HIV-AIDS adalah orang dewasa yang berada dalam usia produktif dan hampir separuhnya adalah wanita. Komisi<br />Penanggulangan AIDS Nasional (KPAN) menyatakan bahwa jumlah ibu rumah tangga yang terinfeksi HIV di Indonesia terus meningkat secara signifikan setiap tahunnya, sebaliknya jumlah pekerja seks komersial yang terinfeksi HIV terus menurun. Hal tersebut disebabkan penularan HIV dari suami atau pasangan intim yang memiliki perilaku beresiko. Kondisi ini dikhawatirkan terjadi peningkatan jumlah kasus penularan dari ib ke anak. Permasalahan HIV diharapkan dapat segera ditangani dengan baik dan difokuskan pada pencegahan HIV-AIDS pada ibu rumah tangga. Seharusnya terus dilakukan upaya memperkuat program-program hak asasi reproduksi perempuan dan meningkatkan kekuatan menawar wanita untuk menolak hubungan seksual beresiko tinggi.</p><p><br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Morte/morrer de pessoas com hiv: o olhar da enfermagem

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3337
Author(s):  
Amanda Regina da Silva Góis ◽  
Brígida Maria Gonçalves de Melo Brandão ◽  
Regina Celia de Oliveira ◽  
Solange Fátima Geraldo da Costa ◽  
Denize Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Hiv Aids

RESUMOObjetivo: descrever os conteúdos representacionais de profissionais da Enfermagem sobre a morte e o morrer de pessoas vivendo com HIV. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, de campo, descritivo e exploratório, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado em sete Serviços de Assistência Especializada (SAE) em HIV/AIDS e um Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA, com 20 profissionais de enfermagem, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Analisaram-se as falas pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Categorial. Resultados: elegeram-se quatro categorias temáticas a partir da análise das falas: “O diagnóstico”; “Os significados da morte e do morrer”; “O enfrentamento dos profissionais da Enfermagem perante a morte e morrer de PVHIV” e “A morte dando lugar à possibilidade de vida”. Conclusão: incidem-se os conteúdos representacionais nas práticas em saúde e enfermagem desde a construção simbólica do adoecimento perante a possibilidade de morte relacionada ao HIV e às novas perspectivas de tratamento e promoção da saúde, sendo possível destacar o avanço do conhecimento científico dos profissionais de enfermagem, o que contribui para a sua assistência em saúde às PVHIV. Descritores: Enfermagem; Morte; HIV; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; Percepção Social; Promoção da Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the representational contents of Nursing professionals about the death and dying of people living with HIV. Method: this is a qualitative, field-based, descriptive and exploratory study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, carried out in seven Specialized Assistance Services (SAS) in HIV / AIDS and a Testing and Counseling Center (TCC) with 20 nursing professionals, through a semi-structured interview. The speeches were analyzed by the technique of Content Analysis in the Categorical Analysis modality. Results: four thematic categories were chosen from the analysis of the lines: "The diagnosis"; "The meanings of death and dying"; "The confrontation of nursing professionals before death and die of PLHIV" and "Death giving way to the possibility of life". Conclusion: the focus was on the representational contents on health and nursing practices from the symbolic construction of illness to the possibility of death related to HIV and the new perspectives of treatment and health promotion, being possible to highlight the advance of the scientific knowledge of nursing professionals, which contributes to their health care to PLHIV. Descriptors: Nursing; Death; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Social Perception; Health Promotion.RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los contenidos representacionales de profesionales de Enfermería sobre la muerte y el morir de personas viviendo con VIH. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de campo, descriptivo y exploratorio, fundamentado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, realizado en siete Servicios de Asistencia Especializada (SAE) en VIH / SIDA y un Centro de Pruebas y Asesoramiento (CTA, con 20 profesionales de enfermería, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada. Se analizaron las hablas por la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Categorial. Resultados:  se elegieron cuatro categorias temáticas a partir del análisis de las hablas: “El diagnóstico”; “El significado de la muerte y del morir”; “El enfrentamiento de los profesionales de la enfermería ante la muerte y morir de PVHIV" y "La muerte dando lugar a la posibilidad de vida". Conclusión: se inciden los contenidos representacionales en las prácticas en salud y enfermería desde la construcción simbólica de la enfermedad ante la posibilidad de muerte relacionada al VIH y las nuevas perspectivas de tratamiento y promoción de la salud, siendo posible destacar el avance del conocimiento científico de los profesionales de enfermería, lo que contribuye a su asistencia en salud a las PVVIH. Descriptores: Enfermería; Muerte; VIH; Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Percepción Social; Promoción de la Salud.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF THE PERSON WHO LIVES WITH HIV / AIDS AND THEIR FAMILIES IN RELATION TO THE CARE IN THE HOSPITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Analice Cristhian Flavio Quintanilha ◽  
Valdir Aragão Nascimento ◽  
Albert Schiaveto de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was discovered in the 1980s, it affects the immune system and when not treated with appropriate medications it can lead the person to develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The antiretroviral therapy (ART) that makes HIV undetectable was discovered in 1990. However, despite the free ART in Brazil, there is still a challenge regarding the adherence of people (100%) living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), because the abandonment of the medication or the non-regular use reduces future treatment options which cause illness and death. The objective of this research was to understand the perception of the person living with HIV/AIDS and their family members, regarding the care offered in the infectious and parasitic diseases unit. In addition, the anxiety and depression rate that affects them during the hospitalization period will be considered. This study was carried out in the Infectious and Parasitic Inpatient Sector DIP Infirmary (Enf/DIP), which is part of the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Unit (UNIDIP) of the Hospital Maria Aparecida Pedrossiam (HUMAP), in the municipality of Campo Grande - MS. The prospective collection of primary data was obtained through questionnaires that were replaced by words and expressions in the title and in the content. Changes were made and elaborated with the objective of improving the understanding of the sentences, which became a semantic evaluation of content by a committee of evaluators. Thus, before the final application of the questionnaire to the participants, all the steps cited constituted the methodological strategies for capturing data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document