PSYCHOLOGICAL DISCOURSE ON THE SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CRISES AT THE AGE STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Приведены результаты дискурс-анализа феномена кризиса в современной отечественной возрастной и педагогической психологии. Проблема кризиса наполняется позитивным смыслом с точки зрения развития и становления личности. Возрастные кризисы относятся к качественным целесообразным трансформациям человека, необходимым для оптимального поступательного хода психического и социального развития, они детерминированы целостной системой объективных и субъективных факторов жизнедеятельности. Наличие в развитии человека критических возрастов может рассматриваться в призме их целесообразности для возникновения личностного новообразования и новой ситуации развития с трансформацией социального статуса человека. Возрастной кризис может рассматриваться как феномен качественного преобразования, выражающегося в смене ведущей деятельности, переходе в новую систему социальных взаимоотношений. The results of the discourse analysis of the crisis phenomenon in modern Russian developmental and educational psychology are presented. The problem of the crisis is filled with a positive meaning from the point of view of the development and formation of the personality. Age crises refer to the qualitative, expedient transformations of a person, necessary for the optimal progressive course of mental and social development, they are determined by an integral system of objective and subjective factors of life. The presence of critical ages in human development can be considered in the prism of their expediency for the emergence of a personal neoplasm and a new developmental situation with the transformation of a person's social status. The age crisis can be viewed as a phenomenon of qualitative transformation, expressed in a change in leading activity, a transition to a new system of social relationships.

DEVELOPMENT OF HOTEL BUSINESS OF CHERNIVTSI IN CONDITIONS OF CRISIS PHENOMENA

The simplest form and at the same time a component of the crisis is the crisis phenomenon. The hotel business periodically experiences economic crises. Hotel development is characterized by the periodic emergence, exacerbation and resolution of DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE FORCES AND REGIONAL ECONOMY Issue I (81), 2021 27 socio-economic conflicts. The relevance of the research is due to the significant attention to the implementation of strategies for protection against crises and future development of the business entity, which will eliminate the existing shortcomings and increase the efficiency of the hotel industry. The article analyzes current events in the world and trends in the economy of Ukraine regarding the development of the hotel business; a content analysis of the number of hotels and similar accommodation in Chernivtsi; changes in tourist flows in Chernivtsi were identified and the dynamics of the number of Ukrainian citizens and foreigners who were in collective accommodation was modeled. In the process of analysis, it was found that the social effect of research in practice is as follows: expansion of priority measures to increase the activity of the hotel industry, including, inter alia, the creation of a strong investment microclimate; providing tourists with comfortable and safe conditions for coming to Chernivtsi; improving working conditions and service culture at the hotel industry in crisis situations. Prospects for further research are the development of new concepts and mechanisms for managing hotel facilities in a crisis, the implementation of scientific research on new systems for reforming the industry, because in a constantly changing internal and external environment, the hotel business faces new challenges and challenges.

ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF QUARTER-LIFE CRISIS PADA LULUSAN PERGURUAN TINGGI UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK MUSI CHARITAS

ABSTRACT: QUARTER-LIFE CRISIS DESCRIPTVE ANALYSIS ON COLLEGE GRADUATES OF KATOLIK MUSI CHARITAS UNIVERSITY Quarter-life crisis is a phenomenon of anxiety over the age of 20, which is the transition from late adolescence to adulthood. The research objective was to reveal the quarter-life crisis phenomenon in freshmen graduates. Research participants were 115 graduate students for the 2019 and 2020 periods from the Catholic University of Musi Charitas. The analysis technique used is statistical description analysis, data collection using a quarter-life crisis scale which is given online using WhatsApp Group. Based on the research results, it was found that 86% of students experienced a quarter-life crisis. Based on the results of interviews, the anxiety experienced by students was related to careers which were considered difficult to find suitable jobs and feelings of being trapped with jobs because of financial needs. This research is a preliminary study to analyze the quarter-life crisis. It is hoped that this research can be continued to look at various other variables that are thought to have contributed to the quarter-life crisis. Keywords: quarter-life crisis, anxiety, college graduates Quarter-life crisis adalah fenomena kecemasan di usia 20 tahun keatas yang merupakan transisi masa remaja akhir menuju masa dewasa muda. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengungkap fenomena quarter-life crisis pada mahasiswa baru lulus. Partisipan penelitian adalah 115 mahasiswa lulusan periode 2019 dan 2020 dari Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas. Teknik Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskripsi statistika, pengumpulan data menggunakan skala quarter-life crisis yang diberikan secara daring menggunakan whatsapp group. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan ada 86% mahasiswa yang mengalami quarter-life crisis. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, kecemasan yang dialami mahasiswa berhubungan dengan karir yang dianggap sulit untuk mencari pekerjaan yang sesuai dan perasaan terjebak dengan pekerjaan karena kebutuhan finansial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal untuk menganalisa quarter-life crisis, harapannya penelitian ini dapat diteruskan untuk melihat berbagai variabel lain yang diduga berkontribusi terhadap quarter-life crisis. Kata kunci : quarterlife-crisis, kecemasan, lulusan perguruan tinggi

Enterprise Financial Security as an Anti-Crisis Management Method

Introduction. Enterprise financial security is one of the measures to ensure and support financial stability. It is able to act as one of the main anti-crisis management methods and is extremely relevant in the uncertainty of the activities implementation. Management and staff must comply with a number of requirements for ensuring and maintaining their own level of financial capacity for effective enterprise functioning. After all, this factor will promote both its general adaptation, and will allow to carry out own activity now. It will also contribute to the plan formation to ensure the enterprise activities for the future, taking into account the necessary changes based on determining their impact on the development of further events in the business world. Purpose. His article has been described the essence and features of the «Financial security of the enterprise» concept. The necessity of its application in modern conditions of enterprise activity as one of the most important anti-crisis management methods in conditions of uncertainty has been described. Results. The financial security of the enterprise is the basis of effective activity of any enterprise in modern business conditions, taking into account the influence of both internal and external factors that take place in the business world as a whole has been determined. It is researched that financial security needs constant updating and improvement. So, it must meet modern requirements for ensuring the stability of the enterprise as an important anti-crisis managing its activities method. The main components of financial security of the enterprise are offered and described, namely: organizational, managerial, and financial-economic. Conclusions. As a result or consequence of this, the formation, support, and development of the country’s enterprises’ financial security are influenced by many different, both interdependent and independent, internal and external factors. In addition, financial security needs constant provision to achieve a high level of support for the stable and uninterrupted operation of the enterprise under any conditions of its operation. Keywords: financial security; anti-crisis method; crisis phenomenon; organizational component; management component; financial and economic component; soft skills.

THE PLACE OF MARKETING MEASURES IN THE ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The article conducts a study to determine the place of marketing in crisis management of the enterprise, established the role of the main aspects of crisis marketing in modern enterprises; mastered the mechanism of marketing anti-crisis management of enterprises, the purpose of which is to form a strategy for overcoming the crisis and eliminate the consequences of crisis phenomena. In the author's sense, crisis management should cover all subsystems of enterprise management: operational, technical, financial, and, especially, strategic, marketing, personnel. In the author's sense, crisis management should cover all subsystems of enterprise management: operational, technical, financial, and, especially, strategic, marketing, personnel. It is recognized that marketing in crisis management is not just one of the subsystems of the enterprise, but the basis that ensures the sustainability of all its other units. Anti-crisis marketing involves the prompt change of all components of marketing in accordance with changes in the environment, which helps to maintain maximum competitiveness of the company in market conditions. In the crisis of the organization or to prevent it, the same marketing tools are used as in stable conditions, but the goals and objectives of marketing activities change, which acquire new specific features, the main of which is the marketing anti-crisis program. The anti-crisis marketing program should ensure the production and sale of such goods that are in steady demand in the market and bring the company's main profit. The mechanism of anti-crisis marketing in the enterprise as a management system involves the presence of the object (crisis phenomena) and the subject of management, the formation of targeted management processes, subsystem monitoring environment and forecasting: determination of the stage, parameters, volumes and scales of the crisis phenomenon, development, implementation and control of anti-crisis strategies, etc.), choice of means and methods of management, creation of a clear system of adjustment and feedback. The end result of marketing anti-crisis management of the enterprise is the formation and implementation of marketing anti-crisis strategy.

Distance learning as both a crisis and window of opportunity in student’s perception at Siberian universities

The relevance of the topic is related to the need of understanding the positive and negative effects of universities transitioning to distance learning. They should be taken into account in the management of the process of digitalization of education. The aim of this article is to study the perception of students of Siberian universities of the transition to distance learning in 2020. The novelty of our approach to the study of this problem is the use of theoretical premises of the phenomenological paradigm and the ethnomethodological approach. This approach allows revealing the representations of distance learning in the personal reality of students as participants in the educational process. The research method is a semi-formalized in-depth interview. This study involved full-time 2nd-4th year students of three universities of the Krasnoyarsk Region. A total of 24 interviews were conducted. The results show that the majority of students perceived the emergency transition to distance learning as a crisis. The conditions of distance learning came into conflict with the subjective meanings and expectations of students in relation to the educational process. Students express negative assessments of the abrupt transition to distance learning, talk about a decrease in educational motivation, a sense of social deprivation after switching to distance learning. The respondents’ answers indicate the experience of anomie, the blurring of student identity, and the sense of losing the meaning of the educational process. Students with an increased level of subjectivity in educational activities more positively perceived the transition to distance learning and saw in it new opportunities for self-development. They have a higher level of internal motivation to achieve personal educational results, and are able to effectively organize their activities in the context of distance learning. In the course of distance learning, most students have become accustomed to this format: there has been a restructuring of everyday practices, the formation of new dispositions that organize educational activities. Despite this, all respondents consider distance learning as an auxiliary format that complements the traditional classroom form of organizing the educational process. This indicates that at present, digital learning technologies are poorly integrated into the system of higher education, which, according to the authors, has become the main factor in students’ experience of the transition to distance learning as a crisis phenomenon.