scholarly journals Haematological Profile in Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Raju Kafle ◽  
Anupama Bastola ◽  
Ashok P Samdurkar ◽  
Narayan Gautam ◽  
Anuj Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Rbc Count

INTRODUCTION: The most common disorders presenting with microcytic hypochromic anaemia are iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and β-Thalassemia trait (β-TT), and each of them has different pathogenesis and treatment modality. Here we intend to see the haematological profile in microcytic hypochromic anaemia in children apart from IDA and Thalassemia with respect to age and gender. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 95 pediatric patients between the ages of 2 to 12 years with microcytic hypochromic anaemia were included in the study. Blood samples obtained from each patient were evaluated for various haematological and biochemical profiles along with haemoglobin electrophoresis. It was a hospital based observational cross-sectional study done for a period of 18 months from January 2019 to July 2020. RESULTS: Severe anaemia was seen in 55 (57.89%) cases, followed by 38 (40.00%) cases with moderate anaemia and 2 (2.11%) cases with mild anaemia. Majority of the cases showed IDA, which were 85 (89.5%) cases, followed by 6 (6.3%) cases with β-TT and 4 (4.2%) cases with β-TM. RBC count, hematocrit and RDW showed significant variation between IDA, β-TM and β-TT. Most number of correctly diagnosed cases were shown by Ricerca Index with 90 (94.74 %). CONCLUSION: Our study concludes RBC count and RDW, along with Srivasthava Index, Ricerca Index and RDW Index could be used as reliable indices to differentiate between iron deficiency anaemia and β-Thalassemia. Red cell indices, serum iron profile and haemoglobin electrophoresis complement each other for the precise diagnosis of underlying cause of microcytic hypochromic anaemia.

Reticulocyte Parameters in Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemias Using Beckman Coulter DxH800 – A Study from Kerala, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 888-892
Author(s):  
Blessy Mary Thomas ◽  
Sheila Das ◽  
Sunil Antony ◽  
Alice David
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Microcytic Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia

BACKGROUND Microcytic hypochromic anaemia is commonly due to iron deficiency, anaemia of chronic disorder [ACD] and thalassaemic syndromes. Reticulocyte count reflects the erythropoietic activity of bone marrow and is thus useful in both diagnosing anaemias and monitoring bone marrow response to therapy METHODS All samples were selected from routine blood counts, and sent for investigation of anaemia, over a period of two years. These samples were run on the DxH800 (Beckman Coulter). 385 cases were selected for the study. Blood analysis for all these cases had been requested by general practitioners to investigate anaemia. These blood samples had been collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant vacutainers and processed within 2 hours of collection. Determination of red cell and reticulocyte parameters in all blood samples, was performed using the Beckman Coulter 7-part analyser [Unicell DxH 800]. RESULTS Of the 156 cases of microcytic hypochromic anaemia studied, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was present in 91 cases, anaemia of chronic disorder (ACD) in 50 cases, beta thalassemia trait (BTT) in 15 cases. Of the 50 ACD cases, 37 were associated with IDA. The control group comprised of 229 adult medical students (143 women and 103 men) with a median age of 18.84 ± 0.98 years. We also had 4 cases of other haemoglobinopathies, which were microcytic hypochromic, but were not included in our study as the number of cases was too less to be analysed. CONCLUSIONS New reticulocyte parameters are useful for evaluation of iron status and diagnosing iron deficiency anaemias. They also are reliable parameters for recognising subsets of anaemic patients thereby improving the management of anaemia. KEYWORDS Reticulocyte, Microcytic, Hypochromic, Anaemia, Beckman Coulter

scholarly journals Low prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia among Inuit preschool children: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007–2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pacey ◽  
Hope Weiler ◽  
Grace M Egeland
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Low Prevalence

AbstractObjectiveTo report the prevalence rates and correlates for anaemia, iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among Inuit preschool-aged children.DesignA cross-sectional study assessed iron intake, demographic information, medical history, anthropometrics, Hb, ferritin, C-reactive protein and antibodies toHelicobacter pylori.SettingSixteen selected Inuit communities in Nunavut Territory, Canada.SubjectsInuit (n388) aged 3–5 years randomly recruited from communities.ResultsAnaemia (3–4 years: Hb < 110 g/l; 5 years: Hb < 115 g/l) was prevalent in 16·8 % of children. The prevalence of ID (ferritin < 12 μg/l) was 18·0 % and that of IDA was 5·4 %. When ID was defined as ferritin <10 μg/l, 10·8 % of children were iron deficient and 3·3 % had IDA. In multiple logistic regression, boys were more likely to be iron deficient (OR = 2·28, 95 % CI 1·17, 8·25), but no other risk factor emerged for ID. Three- to 4-year-olds were less likely than 5-year-olds to have anaemia from causes other than ID (OR = 0·11, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·58). Anaemia from other causes was more common among children residing in crowded homes (OR = 2·30, 95 % CI 1·37, 12·31) and those treated for past-year ear infection (OR = 1·35, 95 % CI 1·05, 7·21).ConclusionsThe low prevalence of ID and IDA is encouraging, but efforts are still needed to reduce rates as they continue to be higher than general population rates. Household crowding and infections may contribute to anaemia and warrant further research.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia among the Reproductive Age Group Women Attending the Unani Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazharul Islam ◽  
Atiya Khan ◽  
Arish Mohammad Khan Sherwani
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency. Globally, nearly two billion people are affected by anaemia. This disease most often affects children, women of child-bearing age, and pregnant women. Nearly half of the pregnant women in the world are estimated to be anaemic. Its prevalence varies according to region and socio-economic conditions. The majority of those who are anaemic live in developing countries where the problem is exacerbated by limited access to inadequate resources and appropriate treatment. Aim: To find out the prevalence of IDA in the reproductive age group women and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: This hospital based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 females, of age group 15-49 years. After obtaining the written informed consent, eligible subjects were inquired about socio-demographic variables, socio-economic status, anthropometric measurements and risk factors. Required investigations were done. All the information was recorded on the semi-structured schedule form. Chi-square/Fisher’s-exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: Prevalence of IDA was found to be 42% (168/400). Prevalence of IDA was significant with habitat (p=0.0180), exercise (p=0.0004), amount of blood loss during menstruation (p<0.0001), duration of flow during menstruation, (p=0.0020), consumption of fish (p=0.0002), consumption of legumes (p=0.002), consumption of green leafy vegetable (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Results confirmed an increased prevalence of IDA in women of reproductive age group.

scholarly journals Risk factors for iron-deficiency anaemia among pregnant women living in rural Vietnam

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Aikawa ◽  
Ngyen C Khan ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Colin W Binns
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Hb Concentration

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of anaemia in rural Vietnam and to determine its risk factors.DesignA cross-sectional survey.SettingVietnam, Nghe An Province.Study populationThe total number of participants was 439. Of these participants, one was excluded from the study due to a mental disorder. Forty-seven did not participate in the test for parasites and 68 did not complete at least one of the questions.ResultsThe prevalence of anaemia (haemoglobin (Hb) < 11.0 g dl−1) was 43.2% and of severe anaemia (Hb < 8.0 g dl−1) was 0.5%. Taking iron tablets, the consumption of eggs and the preference for Western medicine significantly and positively correlated with Hb concentration in the pregnant women in a multiple regression analysis. Pregnancy duration and hookworm infestation significantly and negatively correlated with Hb concentration in the pregnant women.ConclusionThe prevalence of anaemia in rural Vietnam has remained as high as that found in the national anaemia survey in 2000. The results of the present study could aid in the development of an iron-deficiency anaemia programme among pregnant women in rural Vietnam that emphasises iron supplementation, parasite control and improved diet, including the consumption of eggs. The programme's focus should be on women who prefer traditional medicine to Western medicine.

scholarly journals Using Iron Bio-Fortified Beans To Control Iron Deficiency Anaemia Among Children 6-59 Months In Rural Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christinah Nuwahereza ◽  
Saul Kamukama ◽  
Christine Nalwadda Kayemba ◽  
Gerald Obai
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Child Age

Abstract Objectives To establish the association between consumption of iron bio-fortified beans and iron deficiency anaemia among children aged 6-59 months in Isingiro district rural Uganda.Design A cross sectional study was conducted in Isingiro District, Western Uganda in May 2019 among 499 participants (Child- mothers). Standardized questionnaires were used to collect data on the child health status, demographics as well as dietary history. In addition, blood samples were collected from a finger prick and tested for heamoglobin levels using hemocue 301 and data was analysed using STATA Setting This was a community based study in rural Uganda.Participants A total of 499 children aged 6-59 months and their mothers/main caretakers in Isingiro district rural Uganda were recruited. Results Consumption of iron bio-fortified beans was at 39.3% while prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia was 26.3%. Consumption of iron bio-fortified beans was protective against iron deficiency anaemia (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio = 0.66, 95% CI 0.46, 0.96), dietary diversity (APR= 0.57, 95% CI 0.33, 0.86), mothers’ occupation (APR= 0.62, 95% CI 0.43, 0.90), child age (APR= 0.38, 95% CI 0.18, 0.84).Conclusions This study found that, more than a third of the participants were consuming iron bio-fortified beans and more than a quarter of the participants suffered from iron deficiency anaemia with most cases being mild anaemia. Consumption of iron bio-fortified beans was associated with mother’s occupation and main source of beans. Consumption of iron bio-fortified beans was associated with prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among children aged 6-59months and we are not able to conclude that it was protective against anaemia because of the study design. There were other factors that were associated with iron deficiency anaemia such as, dietary diversity, child age, and mother’s occupation. Therefore from this study we conclude that reducing anaemia in this study area requires a multi sectoral approach so as to improve dietary diversity and livelihoods.

scholarly journals Anaemia in under five children attending a tertiary hospital in central Kerala: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Jessie Jose ◽  
Riya Lukose ◽  
Thekkumpat S. Athira
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background: Anaemia is the most common nutritional problem in the world with significant impact on the neurological and cognitive development of young, growing children. India has a high prevalence of anaemia among its under-five children. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia in children in the age group 6 months to 5 years.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done on 51 children attending the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital. They were evaluated by obtaining a detailed history, physical examination and haemoglobin and serum ferritin estimation.Results: The prevalence of anaemia in the present study was 41.2%. 13 (25.5%) had mild anaemia, 8 (15.7%) had moderate anaemia and none had severe anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia was present in 17 out of 21 children (81%) with anaemia (p<0.00001). There were significant associations between haemoglobin levels and age (p=0.049) and nutritional status (moderate acute malnutrition) (p=0.034) of the children in the study.Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia in children under 5 years in Kerala, which has performed well in other health quality indicators, remains high. A multimodal strategy to address this public health problem is required.

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