Niezależność Narodowego Banku Polskiego a relacje z Parlamentem RP

2021 ◽  
Vol 4(165) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Rafał Sura

The position of the NBP at the time of the common market and progressive Europeanisation of the economy and all areas of community life was particularly important. Currently, in the time of the global crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, encompassing both the supply and demand side of the world economy, the role of the central bank is increasing. Without its involvement, there would be no effective protective measures, aimed at mitigating the decline in GDP growth in Poland and protecting jobs. The central bank, together with the Polish Government and Parliament, is of key importance for Poland’s economic development, while the independence of the NBP is of major significance for its credibility in financial markets. That is why it is so important to try to answer the questions what the independence of the NBP is and whether constitutional and statutory regulations of the relations between the Parliament of the Republic of Poland and the central bank do not breach this independence.

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
G.Zh. Allaeva

The article considers the role of “Uzbekneftegas” JSC in the economic development of the fuel and energy complex of the Republic in the face of increasing global economic globalization. The structure of the company, the priority areas for the development of JSC activities are shown. The perspective directions in hydrocarbon production are considered. The data on the production, use and distribution of natural gas by sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan are presented, and the structure of the energy balance of the Republic of Uzbekistan is shown.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Nida Abdioğlu ◽  
Sinan Aytekin

This paper investigates the impact of monetary policy committee decisions of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey on the stock returns of the deposit banks listed in Borsa Istanbul Banks Index (XBANK). The cumulative abnormal returns of the banks are calculated for 2008 and 2012. We report that the monetary policy announcements affect cumulative abnormal returns of the deposits banks both in 2008 and 2012. Since the announcement of the monetary policy decisions created abnormal returns, we conclude that the market does not have semi-strong form efficiency.


2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Xiuyun Cai

he role of monetary policies regulating social the aggregate demand is highlighted, while the role in restructuring the supply and demand are greater limitations. The Central Bank indirectly affects the currency in circulation and the total size of credit by adjusting the statutory deposit reserve rate, the rediscount rate, open market operations; The Central Bank increases or decreases in money supply by limiting the loan quota and the currency issuance. Thus the role of the monetary policies in alleviating serious problems in the field of circulation area is more rapid, clear and effective. However, the central bank can not loan directly to a large number of economic development in lagging industries especially public goods industries as a result of the restrict of the credit funds movement, and therefore the role of monetary policies in improving the social structure and the rate relationship of national economy is relatively limited. The structural imbalance between domestic demand and external demand makes the Chinese economy affected seriously in the circumstances of the U.S. financial crisis and a sudden decline in global demand.


Author(s):  
Ismail Ismailov ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu

The world economy strives for globalization, and most energy assets are connected with each other through correspondent banks and other mutual operations. The relevance of the topic of the thesis is due to the fact that in September 2019 a number of proposals were made to introduce the practice of negative interest rates in the national banking system due to the fact that Russian energy assets are not profitable to place in foreign currency..


Author(s):  
Tina Kotzé ◽  
Zsa-Zsa Boggenpoel

The Covid-19 pandemic, with its concomitant "stay at home" catchphrase, has certainly made living together as neighbours in a constitutional dispensation more tangible. Conflicts between neighbours will inevitably increase, especially in a time when citizens from different social, cultural, customary or religious backgrounds and with different rights and interests are restricted to the boundaries of their properties as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic has provided us with the impetus to reflect upon the notion of "reasonableness" in neighbour law, particularly nuisance law in the narrow sense. In this context the role of neighbour law is ordinarily to regulate the relationship between neighbours. Therefore, neighbour law is crucial in that it resolves conflicts that arise between neighbours due to their everyday use of their properties. Whether the nuisance is objectively reasonable or goes beyond that which can be reasonably tolerable under the circumstances requires weighing up various factors dependant on the prevailing circumstances, rights, interests, values and obligations of the neighbours and the community. In the constitutional dispensation, based on the values of human dignity, equality, and freedom, this may inadvertently require courts to balance out and reconcile often opposing constitutional rights. To this end the underlying principle of nuisance law encapsulated in the phrases "give and take" and "live and let live" arguably already encapsulates the notion of balancing respective rights (constitutional or otherwise) and interests given the context of each case. However, courts do not always correctly apply the reasonableness test in a principled and coherent fashion, as illustrated in Ellaurie v Madrasah Taleemuddeen Islamic Institute 2021 2 SA 163 (KZD). This may lead to the conclusion that constitutional rights are ignored when the reasonableness test for nuisance law is applied. It is necessary to reconceptualise the reasonableness test in order to ensure that the common law is infused with constitutional values. There are numerous ways in which the ideals and values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (and even specific constitutional rights other than property rights) could be advanced if courts were more willing (not being held back by conservatism) and able (equipped with the necessary vocabulary) to apply the common law in line with the Constitution. It is pivotal that courts apply the reasonableness test correctly, considering all the relevant circumstances of the case, including the broader constitutional values and ideals such as ubuntu. It is arguable that if this were done, nuisance law would have a greater potential to incorporate a wider range of rights, interests and values so that the outcomes would be fairer and more equitable, which is, after all, the goal of the reasonableness standard in neighbour law.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Turakul R. Rizokulov ◽  
Sharif Yu. Akramov ◽  
Adolatjon T. Abdulloeva

The article substantiates the objectivity of migration processes on a global scale, examines the trends of their development. The special approaches applied in developed countries to the issues of migration regulation in modern conditions have been studied. The consequences of market reforms on the regional labor market in the domestic economy are argued. The supply and demand for labor resources in the regional labor market are analyzed and problems are identified, in particular, low incomes and insufficiently high qualifications of workers negatively affect the development of the labor market in the regions of the Republic of Tajikistan, in particular, in the Sughd region. The authors calculated the coefficient of migration compensation for the districts of the Sughd region of the Republic of Tajikistan. The role of external migration in the development of the regional economy is characterized and conclusions are formulated about the general trends in the impact of external migration on the development of the regional labor market on the example of the Sughd region of the Republic of Tajikistan.


Author(s):  
SVETLANA V. KOLODYAZHNAYA-SHEREMETYEVA ◽  

The article examines, using the example of the Republic of Crimea, the features of the creation and functioning of a system to ensure information transparency in the context of a crisis in the world economy. Analyzed media technologies and tools for interaction with Russian-­speaking and English-­speaking investors. The role of information technologies in attracting investments into the Crimean economy is determined. Recommendations for achieving information openness in the Republic of Crimea as an effective technology for the destruction of economic sanctions are proposed.


Author(s):  
Olena Borzenko

The relevance of the article in the analysis of the modern geopolitical space in which there are dramatic changes that qualitatively alter the disposition of post-socialist countries and regions of the world under the influence of scientific, technological, information, organizational and social process. The process of forming regulatory mechanisms for the functioning of the financial markets of the post-Soviet countries is linked to the transformation processes of global monetary and financial relations management. In modern conditions, the national financial market cannot be separated from the processes occurring in the world economy. In the last decades theoretical and practical problems of geoeconomics and global science have been investigated in the works of foreign scientists: L. Abalkin, M. Alle, U. Anderson, A. Anikina, J. Ackerloff, J. Arriga, D. Bell, W. Beck, Z. Brzezinski, I. Wallerstein, L. Galitz, J. Gelbraith, E. Giddens, M. Golovnin, P. Drucker, A. Kavkin, M. Castels, D. Keynes, L. Krasavina, V. Kruglov and others. It is observed that in the process of interaction of various factors of development in the world markets, an appropriate market conjuncture is formed, which reflects changes in specific conditions of market functioning and supply and demand, related to the dynamics of prices for goods and profits of firms and based on the cyclical development of the world economy, reflecting the nature of a market economy. Research methods are based on general scientific principles and fundamental principles of economic theory, theories of international economic relations and financial globalization, evolving in the face of geo-economic changes. The development of post-socialist countries is characterized by significant differences in the rates of economic growth and stabilization of monetary and financial systems, which is caused by: first, a significant stratification of economies in terms of development; second, the disintegration processes in mutual trade and more successful integration into the global trading environment due to the accelerated liberalization of the foreign trade sector compared to the financial sector; third, the incompleteness of financial sector reforms and the low level of development of financial services markets, respectively, the inefficiency of financial integration; fourth, the monetary and financial systems of the countries of the region remain vulnerable to the external effects of the crisis. The most powerful post-socialist countries (Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Azerbaijan) make more effective use of the benefits of globalization in the sphere of integration into the world economy.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
N.I. Duchinska ◽  
O.V. Finogeeva

In the article the basic reasons of households` behavior as national economy investors are studied. The role of financial and banking in the process of individual households` savings attraction to the real sector is defined. The present financial instruments are analyzed. Research objective is determination of the main motives in behavior of a household not only to save, but also conscious to be an investor of national economy.In this research it is suggested to consider housekeeping as a potential investor, by means of introduction of new financial instruments and perfecting the institutional copulas of all participants of investment market.. Application of the newest financial instruments at the investment market of Ukraine is a pressing question from position of the use of all possibilities of modern development of society. International experience of the developed financial markets gives an opportunity to Ukraine to be integrated in a world economy, that is a necessity for bringing in of foreign investors, free motion of capitals, raising of competitiveness of national economy. Further directions of research of investment potential of housekeeping consist in development and improvement of new modern instruments of investment market, with the self-weighted risks and well-regulated legislatively. Also a separate question in relation to the increase of investment activity of housekeeping is an analysis of motivational mechanisms of behavior of man that encourages her to investment activity.


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