Pakistan’s Energy Demand Forecasting for Various Sector through Long Range Alternative Planning System

Energy forecasting and policy development needs a detailed evaluation of energy assets and long-term demand estimation. The demand forecast of electricity is an essential portion of energy management, particularly in the formation of electricity. It is necessary to predict electricity needs to avoid the energy deficits or a destabilization between energy demand and supply. In this article, long-range energy alternative planning (LEAP) is used for the modeling of energy and various sectors in Pakistan as a case study. The simulated model comprises three different scenarios, a strong economy, a weak economy, and a medium economy as a reference scenario. The base year is 2015 and the outlook year is 2040. Electricity demands are almost more than four times those of the outlook year, increasing from 7.71 million tons of oil equivalent (MTOE) in 2015 to 29.77 MTOE by the end of 2040.

ElectroFun: a Gamification-based Application to Support the ISO 55000 Asset Management System Implementation in Codensa

En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación basada en gamificación para el apoyo en la implementación de un sistema de gestión de activos ISO 55000 en la Codensa. Se muestra la aplicación Energy Assets, la cual se planteó como una estrategia para introducir los conceptos sobre sistemas de gestión de activos ISO 55000 y sobre la resolución CREG 015, que da el mandato de implementación de la norma. Se presenta la metodología a partir de la cual se diseñaron los ocho (8) niveles del juego donde se tratan los conceptos básicos sobre los sistemas de gestión de activos, el ciclo de vida de un activo y las disposiciones generales de la resolución CREG 015. Para el desarrollo de las diferentes preguntas incluidas en cada nivel se aplicaron múltiples estrategias, como selección única, selección múltiple, asociación de conceptos y completar definiciones. Finalmente, se destaca cómo la gamificación es una estrategia digital para apoyar el objetivo de certificación ISO 55000 de Codensa, y en general para involucrar a sus colaboradores en proyectos de interés general.

Active participation of industrial enterprises in electricity markets - a generic modeling approach

Industrial enterprises represent a significant portion of electricity consumers with the potential of providing demand-side energy flexibility from their production processes and on-site energy assets. Methods are needed for the active and profitable participation of such enterprises in the electricity markets especially with variable prices, where the energy flexibility available in their manufacturing, utility and energy systems can be assessed and quantified. This paper presents a generic model library equipped with optimal control for energy flexibility purposes. The components in the model library represent the different technical units of an industrial enterprise on material, media, and energy flow levels with their process constraints. The paper also presents a case study simulation of a steel-powder manufacturing plant using the model library. Its energy flexibility was assessed when the plant procured its electrical energy at fixed and variable electricity prices. In the simulated case study, flexibility use at dynamic prices resulted in a 6% cost reduction compared to a fixed-price scenario, with battery storage and the manufacturing system making the largest contributions to flexibility.

Blockchain based energy transactions for a prosumer community

Integration of solar micro-generation capabilities in domestic contexts is on the rise, leading to the creation of prosumer communities who generate part of the energy they consume. Prosumer communities require a decentralized, transparent and immutable transaction system in order to extract value from their surplus energy generation and usage flexibility. The aim of this study is to develop frameworks and methods to create such a prosumer transaction system with self enforcing smart contracts to facilitate trading of energy assets such as electricity units, energy flexibility incentives and storage credits. Blockchain is a transparent, distributed ledger for consensus based transaction processing maintained by a network of peer nodes. Hyperledger Fabric is a blockchain platform that offers the added benefits of lower operating cost, faster transaction processing, user authentication based access control and support for self enforcing smart contracts. This thesis investigates the applicability of Hyperledger Fabric to tokenize and transact energy assets in a unified transaction system. Data driven approaches to implement an incentive based energy flexibility system for peak mitigation on the blockchain are also investigated. To this end, the stakeholders for such a transaction management system were identified and their business relationships and interactions were described. Energy assets were encapsulated into blockchain tokens and algorithms were developed and encoded into self enforcing smart contracts based on the stakeholder relationships. A unified transaction framework was proposed that would bring on board all the stakeholders, their trading relationships and the assets being transacted. Tokens and methods in the transaction system were implemented in fungible and non fungible versions and the versions were critically compared in terms of application area, design, algorithmic complexity, performance, advantages and disadvantages. Further, with a focus on energy flexibility applications, a prosumer research dataset was analysed to gain insights into the production and consumption behaviors. Based on these insights, a data driven approach for peak mitigation was proposed and implemented on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain. The thesis thus addresses different aspects of a blockchain based prosumer transaction system, and shows the feasibility of proposed approaches through implementation and performance testing of proofs of concept.

Asset logging in the energy sector: a scalable blockchain-based data platform

Due to a steeply growing number of energy assets, the increasingly decentralized and segmented energy sector fuels the potential for new digital use cases. In this paper, we focus our attention on the application field of asset logging, which addresses the collection, documentation, and usage of relevant asset data for direct or later verification. We identified a number of promising use cases that so far have not been implemented; supposedly due to the lack of a suitable technical infrastructure. Besides the high degree of complexity associated with various stakeholders and the diversity of assets involved, the main challenge we found in asset logging use cases is to guarantee the tamper-resistance and integrity of the stored data while meeting scalability, addressing cost requirements, and protecting sensitive data. Against this backdrop, we present a blockchain-based platform and argue that it can meet all identified requirements. Our proposed technical solution hierarchically aggregates data in Merkle trees and leverages Merkle proofs for the efficient and privacy-preserving verification of data integrity, thereby ensuring scalability even for highly frequent data logging. By connecting all stakeholders and assets involved on the platform through bilateral and authenticated communication channels and adding a blockchain as a shared foundation of trust, we implement a wide range of asset logging use cases and provide the basis for leveraging platform effects in future use cases that build on verifiable data. Along with the technical aspects of our solution, we discuss the challenges of its practical implementation in the energy sector and the next steps for testing in a regulatory sandbox approach.

Single Stage Autonomous Solar Water Pumping System Using PI and Fuzzy Controllers

Sustainable powerage and viable use of accessible energy assets have arisen as an commendable panacea for expanding carbon impression, draining petroleum derivatives, expanding a dangerous atmospheric deviation and changing meteorological situations. Flawless nature, silent activity and bountiful accessibility even at distant areas, have made the sunlight based energy finest form of RE accessible in the current situation .The work presents a introverted stage independent sun oriented photovoltaic exhibit take care of water siphoning framework utilizing a long-lasting magnet simultaneous engine. The crucial commitment of this work incorporates advancement of novel altered vector control, which improves the force reaction of the framework and improvement of a novel single stage variable advance size gradual conductance strategy, which gives a quick greatest force point following and dispenses with the need of transitional stage DC-DC converter. A corresponding indispensable control diminishes the mistake among reference and real value. The utilization of single stage geography has killed middle stage DC-DC converter and diminished the quantity of components, consequently bringing about decrease of the expense, intricacy and increment efficiency .The expansion of this activities rather than PI regulators that we need to Fuzzy and PI regulators .Utilizing this controllers step reaction of speed increases, Dc-connect voltage increases and force speed proportion is all the more then, at that point power stream will be improved. The framework execution has been examined through Matlab /simulink recreation investigation

Mongolia’s assertive and pragmatic role in India’s Connect Central Asia Policy: Current trajectory and Future Ahead

Mongolia’s uniqueness and importance in contemporary world politics lie in its geographical situating, demography, and economy. Geographically landlocked and situated in the Eurasian intersection, Mongolia has the lowest population density of any sovereign country on the planet. Sandwiched among Russia and China Mongolia's harsh environment limit its economic interests. However, Mongolia's geostrategic position, unexplored energy assets, and democratic governance have expanded its importance in global politics. Because of such Mongolia holds a key position in India's Act East and Connect Central Policy to counter China's expansionist policies in North-East Asia. With regards to India-Mongolia relations, the two nations share a rich historical legacy. Tibetan Buddhism the most prevailing religion in Mongolia makes social linkages, Democracy solidified further connections between India and Mongolia. Because of these old and profoundly established linkages, India-Mongolia are 'spiritual neighbors'. However, China still has an overreaching control over Mongolia’s trade, commerce, and other sectors. China also dominates intra-regional trade in North-East Asia. Under India’s Connect Central Asia India attempts to counter Chinese encirclement by delving into close strategic, economic, and energy relations with China's neighbors like Mongolia and CAS. However, the achievement or failure of India's Connect Asia Policy will depend upon India's political as well as its diplomatic will to transform India's interest in regional integration in reality.

Insurance Instruments in Estimating the Cost Energy Assets with Renewable Energy Sources

The construction and commissioning of renewable energy sources is one of the priority areas of energy programs aimed at achieving sustainable development goals. The creation and operation of such sources is associated with significant risks, the management of which is based on real insurance instruments. This article focuses on the formation of a model for assessing the use of insurance in renewable energy projects and presents the business process, stages, risk drivers, and calculation of the economic efficiency of the use of insurance mechanisms in renewable energy projects.

An Intrusion Detection and Prevention Protocol for Internet of Things based Wireless Sensor Networks

Because of the headway of data and correspondence advances, the utilization of Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets has expanded dramatically. In the improvement of IoT, WSN plays out a crucial part and involves easy keen gadgets for data gathering. In any case, such savvy gadgets have requirements regarding calculation, preparing, memory, and energy assets. Alongside such requirements, the major difficulties for WSN is to accomplish dependability with the security of communicated information in a weak climate alongside pernicious hubs. This paper intends to build up an Anomalous intrusion detection protocol (AIDP) and Intrusion Prevention Protocol (IPP) for interruption evasion in IoT dependent on WSN to expand the organization's time frame and information reliability. Right off the bat, the proposed convention makes dissimilar energy-efficient groups dependent on the natural characteristics of hubs. Also, in view of the (k, n) limit related Shamir mystery sharing plan, the unwavering quality also, the security of the tangible data within the base station (BS) and group head are accomplished. The proposed security conspires demonstrates a trivial answer to adapt to interruptions produced by malignant hubs. The trial results utilizing the organization test system (NS-2) show that the proposed directing convention accomplished improvement as far as organization lifetime, end to end delay as 24%, packet delay ratio as 30%, when contrasted and the current work under unique organization geographies.