scholarly journals FIELD SURVEY ON A STRUCTURE GENERATING A COLD AIR DRAINAGE FLOW : Impact of cold air drainage flow on a residential area in a hilly urban area Part.1

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (543) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke NARUMI ◽  
Minoru MIZUNO ◽  
Yasuhiro NAKAMURA ◽  
Yoshiyuki SHIMODA ◽  
Hiroshi HIGA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Cold Air

Recent epigraphic research in Thasos, Aegean Thrace & Samothrace (2005-2015)

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
J. Fournier ◽  
P. Hamon ◽  
M.G. Parissaki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Greek Translation ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Modern Greek

In 2011 the École française d'Athènes celebrated the centenary of its activities on Thasos (Muller and Mulliez 2012). Apart from the publication of a modern Greek translation of the second edition of the Guide de Thasos (Grandjean and Salviat 2000; 2012), the centenary was the occasion for the publication of a number of thematic studies, based on past archaeological research (Muller 2011; Picard 2011; Marc 2012). More generally, current research on Thasos focuses on all aspects of archaeology, including excavation and field survey (mainly within the ancient urban area), as well as study of archaeological material kept in the museum's collections. This work benefits from the unfailing support of the Ephoreia of Antiquities in Kavala.

scholarly journals Dynamical Aspects of Wintertime Cold-Air Pools in an Alpine Valley System

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
pp. 2721-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Zängl
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Cold Pool ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Dynamical Mechanism ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Ambient Wind ◽  
Alpine Valley ◽  
Ambient Flow ◽  
Alpine Foreland

Abstract This study presents high-resolution numerical simulations in order to examine the dynamical mechanisms controlling the persistence of wintertime cold-air pools in an Alpine valley system. First, a case study of a cold-pool episode is conducted, the formation of which was related to the passage of a warm front north of the Alps. While the preexisting cold air was rapidly advected away in the Alpine foreland, a persistent cold pool was maintained in the inner-Alpine part of the valley system, associated with sustained horizontal temperature differences of up to 10 K over a distance of 30 km. The case study is complemented by a series of semi-idealized simulations, combining realistic topography with idealized large-scale flow conditions. These simulations consider a range of different ambient wind directions in order to investigate their impact on the cold-pool persistence. The results indicate that the most important dynamical mechanism controlling the persistence of cold-air pools in deep Alpine valleys is cold-air drainage toward the Alpine foreland. The preferred direction for such a drainage flow is down the pressure gradient imposed by the (geostrophically balanced) ambient flow. Thus, for a given valley geometry and a given strength of the ambient flow, the probability for persistent cold-air pools mainly depends on the ambient wind direction. If the direction of the imposed pressure gradient matches a sufficiently wide connection to the foreland (a valley or a low pass), then a drainage flow will lead to a rapid removal of the cold air. However, the presence of pronounced lateral constrictions in the connecting valley may strongly reduce the drainage efficiency. Cold-pool erosion by turbulent vertical mixing seems to play a comparatively minor role in deep valley systems as considered in this study.

scholarly journals Traffic-Related Airborne VOC Profiles Variation on Road Sites and Residential Area within a Microscale in Urban Area in Southern Taiwan

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Jiun-Horng Tsai ◽  
Yen-Ting Lu ◽  
I-I Chung ◽  
Hung-Lung Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Methyl Cyclopentane ◽  
Set Up

The sampling sites, including roadsides and residential areas, were set up to collect ambient air and determine the volatile organic species it contained. For the roadside air, the average VOCs (volatile organic compounds) abundant at rush hour periods was two times that at non-rush hour periods. In the residential area, the VOC concentrationswere106 and 129 ppb during rush hour periods. The VOC concentration ratios of roadside and residential areas were in the range of 1.08–1.75 and the traffic emissions were related to the VOCs abundant in air. The highest VOC concentration was 168 ppb at midnight at residential sites and the VOC abundance could be two times that of roadside sites. This level of concentration could be attributed to the application of solvents and to human activity in a nearby motorcycle/vehicle maintenance plant, laundry rooms, etc. High abundant species were similar in both the roadside and residential air samples. These highly abundant species included toluene, acetone, acetonitrile, m,p-xylene and n-pentane, all of which can be emitted from traffic exhaust. Benzene, acrolein, formaldehyde, vinyl chloride and 1,3-butadiene were the main species with health impacts collected at both sites. In the micro-scale environment, the residential ambient air was affected by traffic flow from morning to night. In the midnight period, some local activities (a motorcycle/vehicle maintenance shop and laundry shops) affected the concentrations of certain VOCs (acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, 2-methylpentane, methyl cyclopentane and 3-methylpentane). The traffic and motor vehicles’ effects were determined, which could be useful for air quality management and strategy development in an urban area.

Tsunami Overland Flow Characteristic and Its Effect on Palu Bay Due to the Palu Tsunami 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050009
Author(s):  
Yeremia Immanuel Sihombing ◽  
Mohammad Bagus Adityawan ◽  
Asrini Chrysanti ◽  
Widyaningtias ◽  
Mohammad Farid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristic ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Central Sulawesi

On September 28, 2018, Palu Earthquake caused tremendous damage to the coastal area of Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The epicenter was located at 27[Formula: see text]km northeast from Donggala Beach with a 10[Formula: see text]km depth. The magnitude of the earthquake was recorded at 7.4. This study assessed the tsunami overland characteristics and its outcome on the coastal area of Palu. The analysis was conducted based on satellite images and video recordings. The satellite images taken prior and post the event, were analyzed to evaluate the morphological change along the coast. The shoreline retreated up to 158[Formula: see text]m in some places. The tsunami damaged infrastructures along the affected coastal area. Video recordings were collected and analyzed to assess the tsunami overland propagation. The data were verified by field survey. The arrival time and celerity of the wave propagation overland on open area and the urban area were studied. It was found that buildings in the urban area have a significant impact on celerity. The wave propagates faster in the open area than inside the building.

Warm-Air Intrusions in Arizona’s Meteor Crater

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Adler ◽  
C. David Whiteman ◽  
Sebastian W. Hoch ◽  
Manuela Lehner ◽  
Norbert Kalthoff
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Crater Floor ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Stable Surface ◽  
Isothermal Layer ◽  
Stable Surface Layer ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Characteristics

AbstractEpisodic nighttime intrusions of warm air, accompanied by strong winds, enter the enclosed near-circular Meteor Crater basin on clear, synoptically undisturbed nights. Data analysis is used to document these events and to determine their spatial and temporal characteristics, their effects on the atmospheric structure inside the crater, and their relationship to larger-scale flows and atmospheric stability. A conceptual model that is based on hydraulic flow theory is offered to explain warm-air-intrusion events at the crater. The intermittent warm-air-intrusion events were closely related to a stable surface layer and a mesoscale (~50 km) drainage flow on the inclined plain outside the crater and to a continuous shallow cold-air inflow that came over the upstream crater rim. Depending on the upstream conditions, the cold-air inflow at the crater rim deepened temporarily and warmer air from above the stable surface layer on the surrounding plain descended into the crater, as part of the flowing layer. The flow descended up to 140 m into the 170-m-deep crater and did not penetrate the approximately 30-m-deep crater-floor inversion. The intruding air, which was up to 5 K warmer than the crater atmosphere, did not extend into the center of the crater, where the nighttime near-isothermal layer in the ambient crater atmosphere remained largely undisturbed. New investigations are suggested to test the hypothesis that the warm-air intrusions are associated with hydraulic jumps.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI NYAMUK DEWASA PADA BUAH KELAPA DI KELURAHAN KEMELAK KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
I Gede Wempi Surya Permadi ◽  
Lasbudi Pertama Ambarita ◽  
Yahya Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Urban Villages

ABSTRAKPenyakit tular vektor seperti Demam Berdarah Dengue  (DBD) dan malaria merupakan penyakit yang memiliki angka morbiditas dan  mortalitas yang cukup tinggi.  Lingkungan menjadi salah satu indikator penting bagi penularan penyakit tular vektor. Disain penelitian ini adalah observasional.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies nyamuk yang hidup di buah kelapa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan maret sampai desember 2015.  Cara pengambilan sampel diambil dari larva yang diperoleh di wilayah kelurahan Kemelak kabupaten OKU, berupa vegetasi kebun, sawah dan dekat pemukiman penduduk.  Identifikasi spesies nyamuk di laboratorium parasitologi dan entomologi Loka Litbang P2B2 Baturaja, Sumatera Selatan.  Survei Lapangan dilakukan di kelurahan Kemelak Bindung Langit kabupaten OKU.  Pada penelitian ini ditemukan tiga spesies jentik yang berapa pada kontainer kelapa yaitu Aedes aegypti, Culex vishnui dan Culex quinquifasciatus.  Saran penelitian ini adalah sebaiknya kelapa dan cangkang kelapa bekas dibakar apabila tidak digunakan oleh masyarakat dan melaksanakan program 3M plus secara terpadu serta berkisinambungan.Kata kunci : Buah  Kelapa, Nyamuk, Kabupaten  Ogan Komering Ulu ABSTRACTVector contangious disease as Dengue Hemoraghic Fever (DHF)and malaria is disease having high rate morbidity and mortality. The environment which one be an important indicator for the transmission of the vector contangious disease. This research is a design by observational.  This study attempts to know the species of mosquito that live in coconut container.  This study was conducted in march and december 2015 . Methods of this research was taking the sample collection  of the larvæ obtained in urban villages kemelak kabupaten oku , in the form of vegetation garden , rice and near residential area .Methods for identificating species mosquitoes was doing at the parasitologi and entomology labolatory,  p2b2 Baturaja  , South Sumatra. The field survey was healding in Kemelak village,  Ogan Komering Ulu regency.  The research showed that  species larve who hatch in coconut container was identificated Aedes aegypti , Culex vishnui and Culex quinquifasciatus. The household should burned the coconut if not used and doing 3M health programe continuously.Keyword : Coconut shell, Mosquitoes, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency

scholarly journals SPATIOTEMPORAL EVALUATION OF NOCTURNAL COLD AIR DRAINAGE OVER A SIMPLE SLOPE USING THERMAL INFRARED IMAGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
V. Ikani ◽  
K. Chokmani ◽  
L. Fathollahi ◽  
H. Granberg ◽  
R. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Drainage Flows ◽  
Infrared Measurement ◽  
Thermal Infrared Imagery

Measurements of climatic processes such as cold air drainage flows are problematic over mountainous areas. Observation of cold air drainage is not available in the existing observation network and it requires a special methodology. The main objective of this study was to characterize the cold air drainage over regions with a slope. A high resolution infrared camera, a meteorological station and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were used. The specific objective was to derive nocturnal cold air drainage velocity over the slope. To address these objectives, a number of infrared measurement campaigns were conducted during calm and clear sky conditions over an agricultural zone (blackcurrant farm) in Canada. Using thermal infrared images, the nocturnal surface temperature gradient were computed in hourly basis. The largest gradient magnitudes were found between 17h -20h. The cooling rates at basin area were two times higher in comparison to the magnitudes observed within slope area. The image analysis illustrated this considerable temperature gradient of the basin may be partly due to transport of cold air drainage into the basin from the slope. The results show that thermal imagery can be used to characterize and understand the microclimate related to the occurrence of radiation frost in the agricultural field. This study provided the opportunity to track the cold air drainage flow and pooling of cold air in low lying areas. The infrared analysis demonstrated that nocturnal drainage flow displayed continuous variation in terms of space and time in response to microscale slope heterogeneities. In addition, the analysis highlighted the periodic aspect for cold air drainage flow.

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