scholarly journals Combination of Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) and Aquadest to Detect Goat Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Nur Ifa Rohmayanti ◽  
Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Muhammad Rifai ◽  
H. Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Livestock Management ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy detection is an essential thing to do after cattle are mated. In general, early pregnancy detection is needed regarding identifying animals that are not pregnant immediately after natural mate or artificial mate, so that production time is lost because infertility can be suppressed by proper handling such as livestock must be sold or dialing (cut). It is aimed at reducing costs for breeding, programs and helping livestock management economically. Many methods can be used for pregnancy detection depending on the species, age of pregnancy, cost, accuracy, and speed of diagnosis. The purpose of each method used in pregnancy examinations is to determine the pregnancy status with 100% accuracy, especially in the Watubangga and Toari areas, which breeders are still applying traditional methods, which this detection method can reduce costs, time and effort, especially this detection method relatively cheap and easy to do.

scholarly journals Urinary Metabolomics Revealed the Biological Characteristics Associated with Early Pregnancy in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhou ◽  
Gengyuan Cai ◽  
Fanming Meng ◽  
Qun Hu ◽  
Guohao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Estrus Phase ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Accurate early detection of pregnancy status is a prerequisite for effective monitoring of fertility in pig. In the early phase of pregnancy, because the embryo is small and in a free state, it is difficult to determine whether it is pregnant based on B-ultrasound examination. This calls for development of novel tools to accurately diagnose early pregnancy. Metabolomics reveal the metabolic status of cells, tissues and organisms. Results In this study, we investigated urinary metabolites in sows during early pregnancy. A total of 32 samples from 8 sows were collected at estrus and each phase of early pregnancy (days 9, 12, and 15 of gestation). Metabolites in urine samples from different sows obtained from gestation and estrus phases were analyzed via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. A total of 530 metabolites were identified with high confidence in all samples. Compared with samples collected during the estrus phase, 269 differential metabolites were found in samples obtained during early pregnancy. Conclusions These metabolites included lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, organoheterocyclic compounds, benzenoids, among others. These metabolites, such as choline and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, play a very important role in pregnancy. They also regulate pregnancy in other animals. Our results provide novel insights into the metabolic changes in the urine of sows in the early pregnancy phase. The level of different metabolites in urine can be used to diagnosis pregnancy in sows. Understanding these metabolic changes is helpful for better management of pregnant sows.

A case of minimal change disease during pregnancy – Benefits of early diagnosis and use of corticosteroids

2021 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2199021
Author(s):  
Priyanka S Sagar ◽  
Eddy Fischer ◽  
Muralikrishna Gangadharan Komala ◽  
Bhadran Bose
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Renal Biopsy ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Minimal Change Disease ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
In Pregnancy

Nephrotic syndrome presenting in pregnancy is rare and poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Timing of renal biopsy is important given the increased risk of bleeding and miscarriage, and the choice of immunosuppression is limited due to the teratogenicity profiles of standard drugs. We report and discuss a case of minimal change disease diagnosed by renal biopsy during early pregnancy and treated with corticosteroids throughout the pregnancy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of glomerular disease in pregnancy are vital to prevent poor maternal and fetal outcomes.

Vertebral malformation in the mouse foetus caused by X-radiation of the mother during pregnancy

Development ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-850
Author(s):  
Ujihiro Murakami ◽  
Yoshiro Kameyama
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Oxygen Deprivation ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Vertebral Malformation ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Maternal Hypoxia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Maternal hypoxia in early pregnancy can result in malformations of the vertebrae of mouse foetuses, and there is a tendency for more posterior vertebrae to be affected the later in pregnancy the oxygen deprivation occurs (Murakami & Kameyama, 1963). Ingalls et al. (1957) and Degenhardt (1954, 1959) had earlier obtained similar results. We have also exposed pregnant mice to X-radiation and studied the consequent malformations. The effects on the extremities have already been described (Murakami, Kameyama & Nogami, 1963), and in the present paper we shall describe the effects on the vertebral column. Vertebral malformations in animals irradiated in utero have been described by Job, Leibold & Fitzmaurice (1935), Warkany and Schraffenberger (1947), Russell. (1950, 1954), and Russell & Russell (1954). In order to obtain results comparable with those of our experiments with hypoxia, no less than to detect inter-strain differences, we used mice of the ddN and CF1 strains originally supplied by the Central Laboratories for Experimental Animals, Tokyo (Zikkendobutsu Chuo Kenkyujo).

scholarly journals Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. R115-R126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhianna M Wallace ◽  
Ky G Pohler ◽  
Michael F Smith ◽  
Jonathan A Green
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Spatial Expression ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are abundantly expressed products of the placenta of species within the Cetartiodactyla order (even-toed ungulates). They are restricted to this order and they are particularly numerous in the Bovidae. The PAGs exhibit a range of temporal and spatial expression patterns by the placental trophoblasts and probably represent a group of related proteins that perform a range of distinct functions in the epitheliochorial and synepitheliochorial placental forms. This review presents an overview of the origins of the PAGs, a summary of PAG expression patterns, and their use as markers of pregnancy status. Speculations about their putative role(s) in pregnancy are also presented.

scholarly journals Endocannabinoid System in Pregnancy Maintenance and Labor: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Kozakiewicz ◽  
Chad A. Grotegut ◽  
Allyn C. Howlett
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Term Labor ◽  
In Pregnancy

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a cell-signaling system present in multiple organ systems and is an integral part of sustaining the microenvironment necessary for early pregnancy success and maintenance. It plays a significant role in embryo development, transport and implantation as well as placentation. The current theory behind the initiation of term labor is that it is a complex, multifactorial process involving sex steroid hormones, prostaglandin production and interplay at the maternal-fetal interface resulting in increased expression of receptors and gap junctions that promote uterine activation. There is increasing evidence that, in addition to early pregnancy events, the ECS plays a regulatory role in pregnancy maintenance and the timing of labor. This review presents an overview of the ECS in pregnancy that focuses on late gestation and parturition.

Hazards of vaccination in pregnancy

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccination ◽  
In Pregnancy

With the effects of certain chemical agents and rubella in mind, most authorities advise caution in the use of all vaccines during pregnancy and especially during the first trimester. The booklet issued by the Department of Health and Social Security1 lists pregnancy as a contra-indication to rubella, smallpox and polio vaccinations, with certain provisions, and the manufacturers’ literature adds yellow fever vaccination. Pregnant women wishing to travel obviously pose a problem. Neither the doctor nor the patient may be aware of an early pregnancy and this is always a hazard when vaccinating women and girls of childbearing age. However, apart from rubella and smallpox vaccinations, the risks are hypothetical.

scholarly journals The effect of a pharmacist consultation on pregnant women’s quality of life with a special focus on nausea and vomiting: an intervention study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bich-Thuy Truong ◽  
Elin Ngo ◽  
Hilde Ariansen ◽  
Ross T. Tsuyuki ◽  
Hedvig Nordeng
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Maternal wellbeing and quality of life (QOL) are increasingly being recognized as important for healthy pregnancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a pharmacist consultation on pregnant women’s QOL focusing on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP), and patient satisfaction. Methods For this intervention study in 14 community pharmacies, women in early pregnancy were recruited and assigned to a pharmacist consultation (intervention) or standard care (control). The consultation aimed to address each woman’s concerns regarding medications and pregnancy-related ailments. Data were collected through online questionnaires at baseline (Q1) and during the second trimester (Q2). The intervention group completed an additional satisfaction questionnaire after the consultation was completed. The primary outcome was the impact of the intervention on the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) scores between the first and second trimesters. The impact of the intervention was assessed by linear regression, and secondary analyses were performed to assess effect modification by NVP. Results Of the 340 women enrolled in the study, we analyzed data for 245. Half (170/340) of the original participants were allocated to the intervention group, of whom 131 received the pharmacist consultation. Most women (75%, 78/96) reported that the consultation was useful to a large/very large extent. The consultation had no overall impact on QOLS scores between the first and the second trimesters compared with standard care (adjusted β: 0.7, 95% CI: -2.1, 3.4). The impact of the intervention on QOLS was greater amongst women with moderate/severe NVP (adjusted β: 3.6, 95% CI: -0.6, 7.7) compared to those with no/mild NVP (adjusted β: -1.4, 95% CI: -5.1, 2.2) (interaction term study group*NVP severity, p = 0.048). Conclusions The pregnant women highly appreciated the pharmacist consultation, but the intervention did not affect their QOL scores compared with standard care. Future studies should further explore the effect of a pharmacist consultation specifically for NVP and on other outcomes such as use of health care services and medication use in pregnancy. Trial registration Retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04182750, registration date: December 2, 2019).

scholarly journals Fetal Effects of Coumadin Administered During Pregnancy

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. HIRSH ◽  
J. F. CADE ◽  
A. S. GALLUS
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Coagulation Defect ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract The safest and most practical method of administering long-term anticoagulants in pregnancy is uncertain because treatment of the mother with vitamin K antagonists may be complicated by hemorrhage in the fetus. The effects on the fetus of giving coumadin in pregnancy was evaluated in rabbits. When coumadin was given from early pregnancy until term, all of the fetuses were stillborn with widespread hemorrhages. However, the fetuses were born alive and without hemorrhage when (1) coumadin was stopped 4-5 days before delivery, at which time the level of coagulation factors had almost returned to normal and (2) when delivery was performed by cesarean section at a time when the fetal coagulation defect was severe. It is suggested that the risk of fetal hemorrhage is high only when fetuses with a severe coagulation defect are exposed to the trauma of delivery.

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