Spatial Analysis on Primary Healthcare Distance for Orang Asli in Batang Padang District

2019 ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fadli K ◽  
Rosliza AM ◽  
Muhamad Hanafiah J ◽  
Sharifah Norkhadijah SI
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
To Come

Introduction: A huge number of Orang Asli population live in isolated area within peninsular Malaysia. Their lack of proper road and remoteness made their access to healthcare services difficult. Batang Padang has the 22800 Orang Asli reside in the district. Primary healthcare services have been provided to this population through static clinic and mobile clinic.Objective: This study was done to determine distance of primary healthcare from Orang Asli village and their correlation with primary healthcare utilization.Methods: A cross sectional study using Geographical Information System was done using spatial data from various sources for mapping and spatial analysis. Network analysis using ArcGIS software was used to determine the distance while Spearman correlation was used to determine association between distance and primary healthcare utilization.Result: Most of Orang Asli villages located not far from main road. Mean distance from Orang Asli village to nearest primary healthcare clinic is 5.87 kilometers. Mean duration taken for Orang Asli to come to the primary healthcare clinic is either 4.71 minutes by land transportation or 70.42 minutes by walking. Orang Asli villages located in the center of the district around Bandar Tapah have short distance to primary healthcare and the distance increase as the villages located away from the center. There is significant correlation between network distance with Orang Asli attendance to clinic (r 0.203) and MMR vaccination (r 0.230). There is also significant correlation between walking duration with Orang Asli attendance to primary healthcare (r 0.178) and MMR vaccination (r 0.227).Conclusion: As the distance and duration increase for Orang Asli to get to primary healthcare, there is increase need of primary healthcare services. Planning of primary healthcare for Orang Asli should consider the distance from these villages to primary healthcare services.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2019 Page: 46

scholarly journals Determinants of pregnant mothers to bypass primary health facilities and directly seek postnatal care in hospitals in Dar es Salaam region – A Community health needs assessment, Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Christopher Hokororo ◽  
Eliudi S. Eliakimu ◽  
Ruth Ngowi ◽  
Mohammed A. Mohammed ◽  
Hamisi M. Malebo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Postnatal Women ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Abstract Introduction Dar es Salaam is the region with a large number of Primary healthcare facilities (dispensaries and health centres) outnumber the available hospitals. Although policies on referral system are available, there is a gap in terms of compliance and adherence to the governance system. Hospitals are overwhelmed with patients as compared to primary healthcare facilities, leading to poor quality of the healthcare services. The aim was to assess the needs of community members for primary healthcare services, as well as, to identify the reasons and determinants that influence mothers to bypass primary healthcare facilities.Methodology A cross-sectional study that assessed the determinants associated with pregnant mothers to bypass primary healthcare facilities in their healthcare needs. The study was conducted in Kinondoni, Ilala, Kigamboni, Temeke and Ubungo healthcare facilities in Dar es Salaam region. It targeted all postnatal women. A consecutive sampling procedure was used and a total of 544 of respondents were involved in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on: social demographic; Clinical factors of the mother; Health services; and provider’s factors that might contribute to the observed bypass. Data were analysed in levels of univariate, bivariate and multivariate using SPSS statistical package number 20.Results A total of 544 respondents were interviewed. Mothers who bypassed the primary healthcare facilities were 94%. After adjustment it was found that, those with income more than 1USD a day were (OR=4.27, CI=1.8- 15.4, P=0.01) more likely to bypass the primary facilities and go straight to the upper levels of healthcare facilities.Conclusions This study has found postnatal women in Dar es Salaam region are at high chance of going straight to the secondary and tertiary Hospitals without passing at primary healthcare facilities. Nine in every ten postnatal women were found to have by passed the primary healthcare facilities. Findings from this study reveals a strong and urgent need to strengthen primary healthcare facilities and as well implement the referral guidelines on all clients who seek health care to reduce the bypass.

scholarly journals Falls and associated factors among elderly users of Primary Healthcare Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Scarlet Feitosa Santos ◽  
Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto ◽  
Natalia Akemi Yamada Terada ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Elderly Users

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the self-reported prevalence of falls among elderly users (older than 60 years) of the Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, primary healthcare services in the past six months and to identify associated factors. Data were collected from five healthcare districts by means of personal interviews with the users while they waited for the appointment. Log-binomial regression models adjusted for confounding variables and prevalence ratios were used to measure the association between independent and dependent variables. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), adapted to elderly, was used to assess their physical activity. A total of 357 adults were interviewed, with 62.7% being women and mean age of 69.9 years old. The prevalence rates of falls in the past six months were 19.6% (95%CI: 13.2–27.3) and 32.6% (95%CI: 26.4–39.2), respectively, for men and women. e prevalence of falls among users with lower level of physical activity was 2.3 times higher than that among those with higher level of physical activity (RP = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.4–3.8) after adjustment for gender, age group and socio-economical class. In conclusion, falls are frequent among the elderly and the practice of physical activities can improve their health condition, thus preventing the occurrence of falls.

scholarly journals Perceptions and prevention practices on malaria among the indigenous Orang Asli community in Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Bakhtiar Munajat ◽  
Mohd Amirul Fitri A. Rahim ◽  
Wathiqah Wahid ◽  
Mohd Ikhwan Mukmin Seri Rakna ◽  
Paul C. S. Divis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Malaysia is on track towards malaria elimination. However, several cases of malaria still occur in the country. Contributing factors and communal aspects have noteworthy effects on any malaria elimination activities. Thus, assessing the community’s knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards malaria is essential. This study was performed to evaluate KAP regarding malaria among the indigenous people (i.e. Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia. Methods A household-based cross-sectional study was conducted in five remote villages (clusters) of Orang Asli located in the State of Kelantan, a central region of the country. Community members aged six years and above were interviewed. Demographic, socio-economic and KAP data on malaria were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results Overall, 536 individuals from 208 households were interviewed. Household indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage and bed net ownership were 100% and 89.2%, respectively. A majority of respondents used mosquito bed nets every night (95.1%), but only 50.2% were aware that bed nets were used to prevent malaria. Nevertheless, almost all of the respondents (97.9%) were aware that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes. Regarding practice for managing malaria, the most common practice adopted by the respondents was seeking treatment at the health facilities (70.9%), followed by self-purchase of medication from a local shop (12.7%), seeking treatment from a traditional healer (10.5%) and self-healing (5.9%). Concerning potential zoonotic malaria, about half of the respondents (47.2%) reported seeing monkeys from their houses and 20.1% reported entering nearby forests within the last 6 months. Conclusion This study found that most populations living in the villages have an acceptable level of knowledge and awareness about malaria. However, positive attitudes and practices concerning managing malaria require marked improvement.

scholarly journals Anaemia Prevalence, Severity and Associated Risk Factors Among Indigenous Temiar Orang Asli Community in Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Amirul Fitri A. Rahim ◽  
Mohd Bakhtiar Munajat ◽  
Wathiqah Wahid ◽  
Nor Diyana Dian ◽  
Mohd Ikhwan Mukmin Seri Rakna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Characteristic ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Anaemia continues to be a major public health challenge in developing countries. An important and often unreported group at risk for anaemia is indigenous communities. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia and to identify its determinants in the indigenous Temiar Orang Asli community in Peninsular Malaysia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. Six hundred and forty participants aged one and older were enrolled and personal characteristic data were collected. Anaemia status was determined using haemoglobin level (Hb) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) Hb cut-off. The overall anaemia prevalence was 44.7% (286/640) and the prevalence rates of mild, moderate and severe anaemia were 42.7%, 50.7% and 6.6%, respectively. Anaemia-specific prevalence varied significantly by age groups (P<0.001) and was highest in the 6–17 group for mild anaemia (39.3%, 95% CI: 30.6–48.6), followed by ≤5 group for both moderate anaemia (43.4%; 95%CI: 35.2–51.9) and severe anaemia (42.1%; 95%CI: 20.3–66.5). In the multivariate logistic regression, anaemia was associated in age groups of ≤5 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.6 [95%CI: 3.3–9.4], P<0.001) and 6–17 (aOR 2.1 [95%CI: 1.4–3.2], P<0.001) as well in those living in Lambok (aOR 2.7 [95%CI: 1.3–5.5], P = 0.006). This study has highlighted the high prevalence of anaemia among indigenous Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia and revealed that younger children were positively associated with childhood anaemia. Effective interventions and special attention for this indigenous population need to be implemented to reduce the risk of anaemia.

scholarly journals Perceptions and prevention practices on malaria among the indigenous Orang Asli community in Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Bakhtiar Munajat ◽  
Mohd Amirul Fitri A. Rahim ◽  
Wathiqah Wahid ◽  
Mohd Ikhwan Mukmin Seri Rakna ◽  
Paul C. S. Divis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Malaysia is on track towards malaria elimination. However, several cases of malaria still occur in the country. Contributing factors and communal aspects have noteworthy effects on any malaria elimination activities. Thus, assessing the community’s knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards malaria is essential. This study was performed to evaluate KAP regarding malaria among the indigenous people (i.e. Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia. Methods A household-based cross-sectional study was conducted in five remote villages (clusters) of Orang Asli located in the State of Kelantan, a central region of the country. Communities aged 6 years and above were interviewed. Demographic, socio-economic and KAP data on malaria were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results Overall, 536 individuals from 208 households were interviewed. Household indoor residual spraying (IRS) coverage and bednet ownership were 100% and 89.2%, respectively. A majority of respondents used mosquito bed nets every night (95.1%), but only 50.2% aware of bednets were use to prevent malaria. Nevertheless, almost all of the respondents (97.9%) were aware that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes. Regarding practice for managing malaria, the most common practice adopted by the respondents was seeking treatment at the health facilities (70.9%), followed by self-purchase of medication from a local shop (12.7%), seeking treatment from a traditional healer (10.5%) and self-healing (5.9%). Concerning potential zoonotic malaria, about half of the respondents (47.2%) reported seeing monkeys from their house and 20.1% reported entering nearby forests within the last six months. Conclusion We conclude that most populations living in the villages have an acceptable level of knowledge and awareness about malaria. However, positive attitudes and practices with respect to managing malaria require marked improvement.

Predictors of Malaria Among Malaysian Aborigines

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behaviour Modification ◽  
Orang Asli

The Asia-Pacific region has at least 50% of its population at risk for malaria. In Malaysia, indigenous malaria is largely concentrated among the Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an Orang Asli community in the district of Raub, Pahang, to determine the predictors of malaria. Age, seldom/never wearing protective clothing while in the jungle, going out at night, ever staying in another village, and living in bamboo-walled homes were found to be associated with malaria (crude odds ratio = 1.8-4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-9.1) After adjusting for confounding, major predictors of malaria were age ≤12 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.3;95% CI = 2.2-8.4),), never/seldom wearing protective clothing while in the jungle (aOR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.8-8.0), and going out at night (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.4-4.8). The findings lend support for intensifying behaviour modification in this population.

scholarly journals Patients’ satisfaction with the care provided by nurse practitioners in primary care settings of a remote region of Canada: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Safa Regragui ◽  
Frances Gallagher ◽  
Manon Lacroix ◽  
Guylaine Leblond ◽  
Sylvie Cardinal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Remote Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Future Success ◽  
High Level

Objective: A cross-sectional correlational design was used to describe patients’ satisfaction with primary healthcare nurse practitioners and identify factors associated with their satisfaction regarding the services received in a remote region of Quebec, Canada.Methods: Patients who received care from eight primary healthcare nurse practitioners were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. STROBE checklist was adhered.Results: A total of 574 patients were recruited (participation rate: 76.6%). Patients were very satisfied with the healthcare services received, relationship with the practitioner, information received, duration of the consultation, and the overall consultation (89.6%-93.3%). The only variable associated with a higher likelihood of being very satisfied with the overall consultation was a longer duration of the consultation (adjusted OR: 1.029; CI: 1.005-1.054; p = .018).Conclusions: The high level of patients’ satisfaction and trust with healthcare nurse practitioners is a potential contributing factor to past and future success of their integration in primary healthcare services.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the utilisation of primary care services: a cross-sectional study in public and private facilities in Albania

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040398
Author(s):  
Jonila Gabrani ◽  
Christian Schindler ◽  
Kaspar Wyss
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing

ObjectivesTo identify key factors influencing the utilisation of governmental and private primary healthcare services in Albania.DesignA cross-sectional health facility survey using a 4-point Likert scale questionnaire to rank the importance of factors driving services utilisation.SettingExit interviews with patients who consulted one of 23 primary care providers (18 public and 5 private) in Fier district of Albania from the period of July–August 2018.ParticipantsRepresentative sample of 629 adults ≥18 years of age.Main outcomes measures(1) Factors influencing the decision to visit a governmental or private primary care provider and (2) the association of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ decision to attend a given provider. Data were analysed using mixed logistic regression models.ResultsNearly half of the participants in this study were older than 60 years (45%). The majority (63%) reported to suffer from a chronic condition. Prevailing determinants for choosing a provider were ‘quality of care’ and ‘healthcare professionals’ attitudes. Solely looking at patients using a public provider, ‘geographical proximity’ was the most important factor guiding the decision (85% vs 11%, p<0.001). For private provider’s patients, the ‘availability of diagnostic devices’ was the most important factor (69% vs 9%, p<0.001). The odds of using public facilities were significantly higher among the patients who perceived their health as poor (OR 5.59; 95% CI 2.62 to 11.92), suffered from chronic conditions (OR 3.13; 95% CI 1.36 to 7.24) or were benefiting from a socioeconomic aid scheme (OR 3.52; 95% CI 1.64 to 7.56).ConclusionThe use of primary healthcare is strongly influenced by geographical and financial access for public facility users and availability of equipment for private users. This study found that aspects of acceptability and adequacy of services are equally valued. Additional commitment to further develop primary care through engagement of local decision-makers and professional associations is needed.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

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