scholarly journals Seed productivity and adaptability parameters of the alfalfa samples in the south of the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S. А. Ignatiev ◽  
А. А. Regidin ◽  
S S. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
The South ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

The general climate change in the south of Russia makes the development of new varieties of grain crops, including forage grasses, with high resistance and adaptability to climatic stress factors extremely necessary. The breeding process of forage plant adapted to changing environmental conditions is seen as an effective way to allow crop production to cope with unexpected possible climate changes with the least possible losses. The specific reaction of plants to environmental conditions is of particular interest when studying collection plant samples of different gen[1]otypes, as well as when choosing varieties for cultivation in specific conditions. Studying the stability and adaptability of collection samples of forage grasses can also make it possible to use them in different regions. The purpose of the current study was to estimate alfalfa samples by the parameters of ecological adaptability and stability according to the trait ‘seed productivity’. The objects of study were 30 samples of the VIR collection from the USA, Canada, France and Peru. There has been identified a large group of samples with bi < 1. These samples were important as genotypes with a weak responsiveness of seed productivity to worse conditions. They are to be used in hybrids to obtain an initial material that is adaptive according to the trait ‘seed productivity’ in stressful conditions. The smallest bi coefficient was found in the samples ‘K-42694’ (0.20), ‘K-32783’ (0.22) and ‘K-47804’ (0.29). The stability coefficient σd 2 , which reflects the correlation between the growing conditions and seed productivity of the samples through the years of study and was calculated on the basis of the theoretical productivity and the deviation of the theoretical value from the actual one, varied from 0.01 to 74.70. This range of variation indicates that the set of samples contains such samples whose stability of productivity is genetically determined and significantly exceeds the variability of the average productivity of the entire set. Estimation of differences according to stability of seed productivity, in comparison with the standard variety ‘Rostovskaya 90’, revealed a significant difference in this trait in the samples ‘K-43272’, ‘K-50545’, ‘K-50561’.

scholarly journals Biotic stress factors in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under various environmental conditions in Trakia Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
İ. Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biotic Stress Factors

Abstract. Barley is an important crop in Trakia region, Turkey and due to various environmental factors it can suffer some biotic stress and yield loss in the region. This research was carried out in two locations (Edirne and Tekirdağ) of Trakia region during 2013-2014 growing year. The experiment was set up with 25 advanced genotypes in completely randomized blocks with four replications at two locations. Grain yield, plant height, days to heading, leaf rust, net blotch, powdery mildew and relationship among these characters were investigated. According to the results, there was significant difference among genotypes for grain yield, biotic stress factors and other characters. The mean grain yield of the genotypes was 6866 kg ha-1. TEA1619-11 had the highest grain yield with 7667 kg ha-1. TEA2311-19 (7593 kg ha-1) and Harman (7593 kg ha-1) were the other highest yielding genotypes. Due to various environmental conditions, there was significant difference between locations. Mean yield in Edirne location was 7841 kg ha-1 and in Tekirdağ location it was 5891 kg ha-1. TEA1619-8 and TEA1619-9 sister lines had the shortest plant height and early genotypes had higher grain yield. Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres f. teres) is the mainly prevalent disease in Trakya region. Leaf rust and powdery mildew had negative effect and decreased grain yield. TEA1619-12, TEA1619-17, TEA2311-19 and TEA1980-25 genotypes were resistant at both locations. TEA1980-25 was an outstanding line to net blotch, leaf rust and powdery mildew. It was determined that increase of net blotch had negative effect and decreased the grain yield in the genotypes.

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF ADAPTABILITY PARAMETERS OF THE COLLECTION SAMPLES OF SAINFOIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ignatiev ◽  
A. A. Regidin
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Adaptive Parameter ◽  
Environmental Adaptability ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

The estimation of the initial material is the most important part of the breeding process. There is a great necessity in additional objectivity of its characteristics, in identification of the parameters of environmental adaptability, stability, resistance to stressful environmental conditions. Within the collection nursery there have been studied adaptability parameters of 16 sainfoin samples (Onobrychis arenaria Kit. DC) of a sandy species. The purpose of research was to identify sainfoin forms with a complex of adaptive traits based on such characteristics as “green mass productivity” and “seed productivity” to use them in future breeding work. There have been used conventional techniques in the study. The estimation of the adaptability parameters was carried out according to Eberhart S.G., Russell W.G. (1966) presented by V.A. Zykina et al. (2005) and by V.Z. Pakudin (1984). The conducted dispersion analysis of the two-factor trial on the productivity of sainfoin samples showed the correlation between the genotype and the environment. The change in green mass and seed productivity was greatly influenced by the factor ‘year’ (‘environment’) (51% and 58%, respectively). The influence of the factor ‘variety’ (‘sample’) was less (40.7% and 35.5%), the correlation of these factors was also reliable, the interaction variance exceeded the error value and was 65% and 79%. The estimation of sainfoin samples for the presence of adaptive properties revealed that almost all the studied samples had at least one adaptive parameter. But, the sainfoin samples that have several or a set of calculated adaptive properties are obviously more valuable for the use in the breeding process. When cultivating for green mass and seeds, the samples ‘S 5/05’ and ‘GIA 4’ had a high level of resistance to stressful growing conditions (Umin-Umax), a high level of environmental adaptability (bi) and stability (Si2 ), and the samples ‘GIA 2’ and ‘GIA 11’ have these parameters only if they are cultivated for green mass. The variety ‘Severokavkazsky Dvuukosny’ is characterized with high resistance to stressful growing conditions (Umin-Umax) and genetic flexibility ((Umin + Umax) / 2), with a high level of ecological adaptability (bi) and homeostatism (HOM).

scholarly journals Composition and diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in urban parks in the South region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cristina de Carvalho ◽  
Walter Ceretti-Junior ◽  
Karolina Morales Barrio-Nuevo ◽  
Ramon Wilk-da-Silva ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Christe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The South ◽  
Species Accumulation ◽  
Culex Nigripalpus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The City

Abstract Many parks in the city of São Paulo contain remnants of Atlantic Forest. Of the 30 municipal parks in the South of the city, we investigated two in this study (Santo Dias Park and Shangrilá Park) in order to survey their mosquito fauna and investigate the presence of potential bioindicators of environmental conditions and vectors of human pathogens. Mosquitoes were collected monthly between March 2011 and February 2012 using aspirators, Shannon and CDC traps for adult mosquitoes and larval dippers and suction samplers for immature forms. Sampling effort was evaluated by plotting a species accumulation curve, and total richness was estimated using the first-order jackknife. To compare the diversity between the two parks Shannon and Simpson diversity indexes were calculated. Species similarity was compared by the Sorensen similarity index. In all, 8,850 specimens were sampled in both parks. Collections in Santo Dias Park yielded 1,577 adult mosquitoes and 658 immature individuals distributed in seven genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Toxorhynchites and Wyeomyia) and 27 taxonomic units. Among the adult mosquitoes collected, Culex nigripalpus .and Aedes fluviatilis were the most abundant, while the most abundant immature forms were Cx. imitator, Wy. davisi, Wy. galvaoi and Ae. albopictus. Collections in Shangrilá Park yielded 4,952 adult specimens and 1,663 immature forms distributed in eight genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Toxorhynchites, Uranotaenia and Wyeomyia) and 36 taxonomic units. Species accumulation curves in both parks were close to the asymptote, and the total richness estimate was close to the observed richness. Although the observed species richness was higher in the Shangrilá Park, there was no statistically significant difference between the diversity indexes measured. Regarding species composition, the two sites shared 16 species, including those of epidemiological importance such as Culex nigripalpus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti. As some of the mosquito taxa found are bioindicators of environmental conditions and have epidemiological potential to carry pathogens, we recommend that urban parks should be included in official mosquito surveillance programs, and regular surveys carried out to detect circulating arboviruses.

scholarly journals Adaptability parameters of the winter durum wheat varieties of various ecology in the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Tatiyana Makarova ◽  
Nina Samofalova ◽  
Nina Ilichkina ◽  
Olga Dubinina ◽  
Aleksey Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

There have been generalized the study results of the parameters of ecological adaptability of winter durum wheat and there have been identified the most adaptive varieties of different ecology under unstable climatic conditions of the Rostov region. There was conducted the analysis of 34 varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, which have been recommended for cultivation in different climatic zones. During the current study there have been identified the groups of winter durum wheat varieties that were different in their ecological adaptability parameters. The first group included 11 highly responsive varieties recommended for cultivation on an intensive background, namely ‘Alyy parus’, ‘Kontinent’, ‘Laguna’, ‘Kassiopeya’, ‘Akveduk’ (Ukraine), ‘Prikumskaya 142’, ‘Eyrena’, ‘Kiprida’, ‘Terra’, ‘Oniks’, ‘Kurant’ (Russia). To obtain the largest average productivity there have been recommended to cultivate the following 11 varieties on the average agricultural background, namely ‘Aksinit’, ‘Amazonka’, ‘Kermen’, ‘Uniya’, ‘Diona’, ‘Yakhont’, ‘Yubilyarka’, ‘Belgorodskaya yantarnaya’ (Russia), ‘Zolotoye runo’, ‘Gardemarin’, ‘Andromeda’ (Ukraine), since these varieties were good adapted to various environmental conditions. The varieties ‘Agat donskoy’,‘Zolotko’,‘Krupinka’, ‘Laska’, ‘Lazurit’, ‘Krucha’, ‘Stepnoy yantar’ (Russia), ‘Burshtin’, ‘Dnepryana’, ‘Perlina odesskaya’ and ‘Shulyndinka’ (Ukraine) -to cultivate on a reduced agrofone, where they will give a fairly high yield from 8.45 to 9.67 t / ha.

scholarly journals The change of productivity and quality of spring barley grain with the improvement of the varieties’ adaptability

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
O. A. Yusova ◽  
P. N. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

The purpose of the current study was to determine the correlation between adaptability parameters of the spring barley varieties and grain productivity and the main indicators of its quality. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2019 in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The protein percentage in grain, raw oil, starch and husk content of grain were determined according to the Pleshkov and Berkutova methods. The mathematical processing was carried out according to the methodology of Dospekhov, Eberhard and Russell. According to the trial, low productivity of spring barley was recorded in 2012, 2013 and 2016 (2.36–2.92 t/ha) with low values of the index of environmental conditions (-1.32; -1.88). Higher productivity was recorded in 2011, 2015, 2018 and 2019 (5.26-5.89 t/ha), with high values of the index of environmental conditions (1.02–1.65). The productivity of the standard variety ‘Omskiy 95’ varied from 2.11 t/ha (in 2016) to 5.91 t/ha (in 2015). The varieties ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’, ‘Sasha’, ‘Omskiy 100’ exceeded the standard variety (+0.47; +1.97 t/ha to standard). An increased content of raw oil in grain was recorded in the varieties ‘Omskiy 9’1 and ‘Sasha’ (0.4-0.6% to standard). The varieties ‘Omskiy 91’, ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’, ‘Omskiy 90’, ‘Omskiy 96’ and ‘Omskiy 100’ were characterized by a reduced husk content of grain (-0.7; -1.4% to standard). The barley varieties ‘Sibirskiy Avangard’ and ‘Sasha’ (bi > 1; σ2 d < 1) were highly responsive and stable to improving environmental conditions. The improvement of adaptability (bi) of barley varieties did not have a significant effect on grain productivity and quality (r = 0.109±0.020 and 0.232±0.035). The stability (σ2 d) of the varieties was characterized by an average direct correlation with starch content in grain (r = 0.429±0.120), a strong direct correlation with oil content in grain (r = 0.656±0.105). There was identified an average inverse correlation between stability (σ2 d) and protein and husk content in grain (r = -0.399±0.060 and -0.447±0.055). There was a weak correlation with productivity (r = -0.204±0.040).

scholarly journals Paradoxes of Plant Epigenetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-369
Author(s):  
T. A. Ezhova
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

Abstract Plants have a unique ability to adapt ontogenesis to changing environmental conditions and the influence of stress factors. This ability is based on the existence of two specific features of epigenetic regulation in plants, which seem to be mutually exclusive at first glance. On the one hand, plants are capable of partial epigenetic reprogramming of the genome, which can lead to adaptation of physiology and metabolism to changed environmental conditions as well as to changes in ontogenesis programs. On the other hand, plants can show amazing stability of epigenetic modifications and the ability to transmit them to vegetative and sexual generations. The combination of these inextricably linked epigenetic features not only ensures survival in the conditions of a sessile lifestyle but also underlies a surprisingly wide morphological diversity of plants, which can lead to the appearance of morphs within one population and the existence of interpopulation morphological differences. The review discusses the molecular genetic mechanisms that cause a paradoxical combination of the stability and lability properties of epigenetic modifications and underlie the polyvariance of ontogenesis. We also consider the existing approaches for studying the role of epigenetic regulation in the manifestation of polyvariance of ontogenesis and discuss their limitations and prospects.

Stability and mutual impact of perception of parental pressure and infants' social support – A study based on the difference between employment status and household income

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092199705
Author(s):  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of this study is to explore the stability and interaction between parental pressure and social research report, as well as the role of employment status and family income levels in this process. This study used a special study on Korean children (PSKC) 2–4 waves. Use t-test, correlation and autoregressive cross-delay modeling to analyze the data. The main findings of this study are: First, over time, parental pressure and mother’s social research report are consistent. Secondly, the pressure of motherhood and childcare has an obvious lagging effect on upbringing, and vice versa. Third, there is no significant difference between working mothers and non-working mothers in terms of the stability of working parents' pressure, social research report and social research report for children's pressure channels. However, parental pressure can only predict the social research report of working mothers. Fourth, there is no significant difference between the stability and interaction of these two structures in household income levels. In short, the results show that, over time, parental pressure is consistent with mother’s social research report. The results also show that there is a significant cross-lag effect between the mothers’ perceptions of mutual pressure analysis. In the process from parental pressure to social research report, I found the difference between working and non-working mothers. The advantage of this study is that the expected longitudinal design was adopted during infancy and the priority between the two structures can be considered. The results of this study can be used as a source of intervention plans to help parents withstand severe parenting pressure and lack of social research report.

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals Stability of Fe-oxide nanoparticles coated with natural organic matter under relevant environmental conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2040-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Chekli ◽  
S. Phuntsho ◽  
L. D. Tijing ◽  
J. L. Zhou ◽  
J.-H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Stability

Manufactured nanoparticles (MNPs) are increasingly released into the environment and thus research on their fate and behaviour in complex environmental samples is urgently needed. The fate of MNPs in the aquatic environment will mainly depend on the physico-chemical characteristics of the medium. The presence and concentration of natural organic matter (NOM) will play a significant role on the stability of MNPs by either decreasing or exacerbating the aggregation phenomenon. In this study, we firstly investigated the effect of NOM concentration on the aggregation behaviour of manufactured Fe-oxide nanoparticles. Then, the stability of the coated nanoparticles was assessed under relevant environmental conditions. Flow field-flow fractionation, an emerging method which is gaining popularity in the field of nanotechnology, has been employed and results have been compared to another size-measurement technique to provide increased confidence in the outcomes. Results showed enhanced stability when the nanoparticles are coated with NOM, which was due to electrosteric stabilisation. However, the presence of divalent cations, even at low concentration (i.e. less than 1 mM) was found to induce aggregation of NOM-coated nanoparticles via bridging mechanisms between NOM and Ca2+.

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