Optimization of the pre-starting state of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics at the initial stage of basic training

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
N. Andreieva ◽  
O. Onikiienko
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Starting State ◽  
Situational Anxiety

Against the background of intensifying competition in the international arena, the demands placed on female athletes in rhythmic gymnastics are growing, which requires the formation of female athletes' ability to self-control and self-regulation. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and develop an algorithm for optimizing the pre-start condition of young gymnasts at the stage of preliminary basic training. Research methods: analysis, systematization and generalization of data of scientific literature, methods of assessment of Spielberger-Khanin situational anxiety, statistical analysis. The study involved 10 gymnasts who train at the stage of basic preliminary training (8-12 years), who took part in the International Competition "Dmitrash Cup 2021". Result. It is proved that the average assessment of situational anxiety of young gymnasts in the pre-competition period is statistically significant (p <0.05) increases from 19.3 to 35.1 points. The most effective in the training process of gymnasts at the stage of initial basic training methods and techniques to combat the state of pre-start overstrain: psychological and pedagogical, hardware means of influence, methods of relaxation and mobilization and psychophysiological influences. An algorithm for optimizing the pre-start state of female athletes in rhythmic gymnastics at the initial stage of basic training, namely the establishment of the type of temperament of the athlete, the diagnosis of her pre-start state, the application of methods of regulation of pre-start states. The prospect of further research is the development of methods for optimizing the pre-start condition of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics and the formation of their skills of self-regulation in the training process at the stage of initial basic training.

scholarly journals Factors determining the first beginning of the state of young components in rhythmic gymnastics

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Nataliia Andreieva
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics

Pre-start anxiety of young athletes is accompanied by high levels of anxiety and muscle tension, which together can cause a risk of neuroticism of the child. Therefore, an integral part of the educational and training process in rhythmic gymnastics is psychological work with athletes, which should be extended to the stages of preliminary basic training. To increase the psychological preparedness of young athletes in rhythmic gymnastics at the stage of preliminary basic training, it is necessary to determine the factors influencing their pre-start condition. The purpose of the article is to establish the most influential factors and external factors that determine the pre-start condition of gymnasts at the stage of preliminary basic training. Research methods: analysis, systematization and generalization of data of scientific literature, questionnaires, method of expert assessments, statistical analysis of personal data. Using the method of expert evaluations, it was possible to establish the consistency of opinions of 15 coaches who have been working in the specialty for 15 years. These coaches later formed an expert group. Result. It was found that among the most decisive external factors influencing the pre-start condition of gymnasts, experts call the spirit of rivalry, lack of competitive experience and the presence of spectators. At the same time, they indicated fatigue and peculiarities of character and temperament as the most determining internal factors. The selected factors should be taken into account when planning activities aimed at the psychological preparation of young athletes in rhythmic gymnastics for competitive activities in the training process at the stage of preliminary basic training. The prospect of further research is the development of methods for optimizing the pre-start condition of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics and the formation of their skills of self-regulation in the training process at the stage of initial basic training.

scholarly journals Multifunctional simulator for providing ship with data on maneuverability

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alekseevich Dorovskoy ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Degtyarev ◽  
Nadezhda Pavlovna Smetyuh ◽  
Anton Aleksandrovich Zinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Ship Maneuverability ◽  
Technological University ◽  
Ship Safety ◽  
New Algorithms ◽  
Accessible Form ◽  
Research Analysis

The article presents the research analysis on the ship safety. It has been found out that due to the lack of a methodology for planning an algorithm for the maneuvering control system, there is no concept of solving technological problems or any understanding of what data are needed to perform the work. Despite the cybernetic devices and programs perform some part of the work and prepare the necessary data, the skipper does not understand how the device generates them. The task was to create a prototype that could allow to get data on the ship maneuverability. After the initial stage of training has been passed the skills should be obtained, which further will transform into the passive and stable abilities. The created hardware and software package allows implementing the concept of the guaranteed safety of maneuvering control in piloting vessels due to improving the methods of forming sustainable skills and bringing it to the automation level. It was recommended to use a simulator with visualization, to introduce the new algorithms of controlling the ship propulsion in the area of responsibility by coastal and to develop the recommendations on divergence, new training methods for pilots on shore. The conclusions were made on improving the level of information support by preparing subject-specific declarative knowledge and presenting it in an easily accessible form for perception when making decisions on maneuvering. The developed methodology is implemented in the training process of pilots in the training complex of Kerch State Maritime Technological University

scholarly journals Static dynamic stability of the body of rhythmic gymnastics female athletes at the stage of specialized basic training

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Yana Kovalenko ◽  
Viktor Boloban
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Instructional Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Common Center ◽  
The Common

Objective. To assess biomechanical measures of static dynamic stability of the body of rhythmic gymnastics female athletes in the basic balances at the stage of specialized basic training. Methods. Theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific literature, methodological and practical experience of the trainers; method of expert assessments using video analysis of the technique of performing basic balances; stabiloanalyzer "Stabilan 01-2" to record the movements of the common center of pressure (COP) of the feet on the support, i.e. the coordinates at different time points that reflect the features of static dynamic stability. Three basic balance tests were performed. The study involved young female gymnasts of the Republican Complex Children and Youth Sports School "Avangard" (Kуiv) aged 10-14 years (n = 30), of which 20 athletes have the rank of Candidate for Master of Sport and 10 gymnasts have the rank of First-Class Sportsman. Results. It has been found that, at the stage of specialized basic training, female athletes in rhythmic gymnastics, along with a stable demonstration of competitive compositions, have technical errors that are associated with an insufficient level of development of sensorimotor coordination, orientation in space and time, and static dynamic stability of the body. Indicators of biomechanical analysis of stabilograms, which were recorded during the performance of the basic balances by the subjects, show that stability control is achieved both through macro and micro-oscillations of the body, as well as the controlled ratio of the trajectory lengths of the common center of pressure on the support along the frontal and sagittal line. In some gymnasts, when performing basic tests, displacements along frontal and sagittal lines approached the ratio of 1:1 that indicates the effective formation of a system of symmetric motor actions for the control of static dynamic stability. Conclusion. On the basis of individual measures of static dynamical stability of the body of rhythmic gymnastics female athletes at the stage of specialized basic training, an instructional program of exercises should be developed that will be aimed at development and improvement of static dynamic stability of the body using the technology of biological feedback in the system gymnast–stabilograph. Key words: rhythmic gymnastic, basic training, balances, body stability, technique, stabilography, competitive compositions.

scholarly journals Training programs for female weightlifters aged 16-18 years in an annual macrocycle that take into account the diff erences between weight categories

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Valentin Oleshko ◽  
Viktor Slobodianiuk
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Physical Preparation

Objective. To improve the training process of skilled weightlifters of diff erent sports schools within an annual macrocycle taking into account the diff erences between the groups of weight categories at the stage of specialized basic training. Methods. Аnalysis of scientifi c and methodological literature, analysis and synthesis of indicators of training work, questionnaire survey, method of calculating the training load (according to V.G. Oleshko), pedagogical observations and experiments, control testing of the morphofunctional state (anthropometry and electronic caliperometry) and physical preparedness (using the general physical preparation and specialized physical preparation tests), methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The training loads of female weightlifters of diff erent groups of weight categories of the major sports schools of Ukraine in different mesocycles of the annual macrocycle have signifi cant diff erences in the load volumes, fi rst of all, between athletes of the light and heavy weight categories, and also diff er from the standards of the current curriculum for the Children and Youth Sports Schools. The training load indices for diff erent groups of exercises (snatches, clean and jerks, rows, squats, presses and others) tend to change in young weightlifters aged 16-18 years. The training loads of the female athletes were the lowest in the competitive (by 17.4%) and in the control-preparatory mesocycles (by 15.3%) compared to the base mesocycles as this is due to their preparation for competitive starts. Positive changes in the measures of the morphofunctional condition and in the results of control tests of general and specialized physical preparation, as well as the growth of sports performance (in snatch, clean and jerk, and total combined) among the athletes of major sports schools of Ukraine confi rmed the high effi ciency of the training program for middleweight female weightlifters in weightlifting training centers of Kharkiv, Ternopil, and Donetsk regions. The program can serve as a model for the development of a diff erentiated training program for young female weightlifters in Ukraine. Conclusion. The studies allowed us to recommend the training programs as a basis for designing a diff erentiated training program of annual macrocycle for female athletes of diff erent weight categories and the corresponding age, at the stage of specialized basic training.

Mashkov’s diamond as an indicator of posture in boys of the second childhood period at the initial stage of martial arts

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
N. Ya. Prokopiev ◽  
◽  
E. T. Kolunin ◽  
D. S. Reсhapov ◽  
O. V. Baranhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Russian Patent ◽  
Cervical Lordosis ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Related Increase

Aim: boys of the second childhood period at the initial stage of martial arts to study the age characteristics of Mashkov’s diamond and the depth of the vertebral pole lordosis at the cervical and lumbar level as indicators of posture. Material and methods. 28 boys of the second childhood period (8-12 years) engaged in martial arts on the basis of JUSS No. 3 by V. G. Khromin of Tyumen were examined. The evaluation of Mashkov’s diamond was carried out according to the conventional method. The depth of the vertebral column lordosis at the cervical and lumbar level as an indicator of posture was assessed with the help of the device proposed by us (Russian Patent for useful model No. 30253). Results. The age-old size of Mashkov’s diamond sides increased as the boys grew up and did not indicate scoliotic spinal column disease. The “jumps” of its increase in the period of 11-12 years have been revealed. The age-related increase in the depth of lordosis at the cervical and lumbar level of the spinal column, more pronounced in the lumbar department, has been noted. Conclusion. According to Мashkov’s diamond, boys of the second childhood period have no abnormalities on the part of the spinal column. The depth of the vertebral pole lordosis at the lumbar level exceeds the depth of the cervical lordosis, which should be taken into account when dosing physical activity in physical education classes in the secondary school and during the training process in JUSH.

scholarly journals OPPORTUNITIES TO OPTIMIZE THE FOOTBALL TRAINING PROCESS WITH THE MEANS OF THE GAME APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 891-895
Author(s):  
Milena Aleksieva ◽  
Stoyan Denev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Biological Development ◽  
Football Training ◽  
Experimental Group

Football 7 and Football 9 are worldwide famous – sport-game for children and adolescents from 7 to 12 Years. In this relation, the need for an in-depth analysis of the football training - in particular with the younger football players in our country - is of interest and current, by seeking new forms and diversifying the activities in the physical education and sports lessons that are in line with the national traditions, socio-economic conditions and leading European practices. Such an opportunity is provided by the gaming approach that seeks to explore, summarize and propose effective solutions to optimize football education. This study aims to identify and compare changes in indicators that inform on the specific preparation of pupils from the initial stage of primary education after applying a gaming approach to football education. After the end of the experimental period under the influence of normal biological development and under the influence of the applied gameplay approach with the students from the experimental group, there were significant positive changes. The developed gaming approach should be offered as an opportunity to diversify the organization of the physical education and sports training process in the initial stage of the primary education.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological predictors of mental adaptability among specialists of extreme profile (servicemen)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Kovaleva ◽  
V.G. Bulygina
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychomotor Activity ◽  
Psychophysiological Study ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Personal Questionnaire

The results of a comprehensive psychological and psychophysiological study of the characteristics of mental self-regulation in the simulation of various stressful situations in the specialists of extreme profile on the example of servicemen were described in the article. The integrated protocol of the study by the method of biofeedback with consideration of various indices of the central and autonomic nervous system under conditions of stress stimulation was developed. The set of psychological questionnaires was used to diagnose psychological features of self-regulation: questionnaire of self-control H. Grasmik, questionnaire "Style of self-regulation of behavior" by V. I. Morosanova, the questionnaire BIS/BAS, the questionnaire formal - dynamic properties of individuality by V. M. Rusalov, personal questionnaire of the G. and S. Eysenck EPQ, the scale of anxiety Charles D. Spielberger. Statistical method of clustering by the k-means method, single-factor analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis were applied. Psychological and psychophysiological differences between mentally disadaptive and adaptive groups are described, as well as predictors of mental disadaptation for military personnel are identified. It was found that mental disadaptation among servicemen is characterized by a preference for simple tasks in the structure of self-control and a high level of reactive situational anxiety, reduced programming and evaluation indicators, psychomotor erbiness, intellectual speed, indices of psychomotor activity and general adaptivity. The psychophysiological profile of maladaptation differs from the normative indices with elevated indices of subcortical alpha and theta rhythms in the initial background, as well as an increased index of vegetative balance and a reduced index of activation of subcortical centers in the stress sample. Psychophysiological predicators of disadaptation were established.

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