scholarly journals ОСОБЕННОСТИХРУСТАЛЕНОСНОСТИУЛЫТАУСКОГОРАЙОНА

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Aralbekova ◽  
◽  
D.M. Kunbassova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Middle Carboniferous ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Crystal Content

The Ulytau crystal-bearing region is located in the western part of the Kazakh folded country, distinguished by a significant complexity of the geological structure. The latter is due to the heterogeneity and varying degrees of dislocation of its constituent rocks.In connection with the manifestation of two stages of tectogenesis, two structural stages are distinguished in the folded base of the Ulytau zone.The purpose of this article is to study the features of the crystal content of the region.On the territory of the Ulytau district, 140 vein fields were identified, numbering up to 6,000 quartz veins, of which 1,700 with signs of crystallinity. Of the total number of crystal-bearing veins, 1100 were explored, located within 75 vein fields. Quartz veins, including crystal-bearing ones, are found in almost all rocks, including deposits of the Middle Carboniferous, which determine the upper age limit of the veins in the region.Productive (industrially -crystal-bearing) mineralization is manifested in the contours of the region more locally. Of the 110 identified fields and areas, industrial mineralization is associated with vein formations only 18 objects.

Superimposed deformation of the Solonker Belt and nearby regions in western Inner Mongolia, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUANZHONG SHI ◽  
CHAO LIANG ◽  
HUA WANG ◽  
CHUANYAN HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Orogenic Belt ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Two Stages

AbstractThe deformation of the Solonker Belt and nearby regions is helpful for understanding the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. This study carried out structural analysis in the Mandula and Ganqi areas of western Inner Mongolia, including the Solonker Belt, the Southern Orogenic Belt and the northern Yinshan Belt (Langshan range). Our results reveal that the Solonker Belt, the Southern Orogenic Belt and the northern Yinshan Belt underwent two stages (D1 and D2) of deformation during the Mesozoic period. The D1 stage produced the NNE-directed thrusts and asymmetric folds, indicating a NNE–SSW contraction. The northern Yinshan Belt, the Southern Orogenic Belt and the Solonker Belt formed as a series of NNE-verging tectonic nappes. The D2 stage developed the NE-trending folds and the SE- or NW-directed thrusts that cross-cut the D1 structures. The two events of nearly orthogonal or oblique shortening gave rise to the superimposed structures (e.g. fold interference patterns). The quartz veins that filled the fractures of the D1 deformation contain zircons of Middle Triassic U–Pb ages. The new dating data, along with the regional sedimentary hiatus, led us to infer that the D1 stage of deformation occurred in Middle Triassic time and the D2 stage occurred in Late Jurassic time. We consider that the D1 stage of deformation resulted from a convergent event, which might be related to the closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean or limited, narrow ocean basins; and the D2 stage of deformation was the far-field result of subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Ocean and the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.

Alexander and the Iranians

1980 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Bosworth
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The One ◽  
Polar Opposite ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Second World

The last two decades have seen a welcome erosion of traditional dogmas of Alexander scholarship, and a number of hallowed theories, raised on a cushion of metaphysical speculation above the mundane historical evidence, have succumbed to attacks based on rigorous logic and source analysis. The brotherhood of man as a vision of Alexander is dead, as is (one hopes) the idea that all Alexander sources can be divided into sheep and goats, the one based on extracts from the archives and the other mere rhetorical fantasy. One notable theory, however, still flourishes and has indeed been described as one of the few certainties among Alexander's aims. This is the so-called policy of fusion. As so often, the idea and terminology go back to J. G. Droysen, who hailed Alexander's marriage to Rhoxane as a symbol of the fusion (Verschmelzung) of Europe and Asia, which (he claimed) the king recognised as the consequence of his victory. At Susa the fusion of east and west was complete and Alexander, as interpreted by Droysen, saw in that fusion the guarantee of the strength and stability of his empire. Once enunciated, Droysen's formulation passed down the mainstream of German historiography, to Kaerst, Wilcken, Berve and Schachermeyr, and has penetrated to almost all arteries of Alexander scholarship. Like the figure of Alexander himself the theory is flexible and capable of strange metamorphoses. In the hands of Tarn it developed into the idea of all subjects, Greek and barbarian, living together in unity and concord in a universal empire of peace. The polar opposite is an essay of Helmut Berve, written in the heady days before the Second World War, in which he claimed that Alexander, with commendable respect for Aryan supremacy, planned a blending of the Macedonian and Persian peoples, so that the two racially related (!)Herrenvölkerwould lord it over the rest of the world empire. On Berve's interpretation the policy had two stages. Alexander first recognised the merits of the Iranian peoples and placed them alongside the Macedonians in his court and army hierarchy. Next came the ‘Blutvermischung’, the integration of the two peoples by marriage.

scholarly journals Psychological readiness for distance learning in a pandemic of pedagogical university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Volodina ◽  
Lyudmila Korneva
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Students First ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Two Stages

The article presents data from an empirical study of the psychological readiness of first-third-year students of the Moscow State Pedagogical University for distance learning in a pandemic. The authors considered such indicators of the mental state of future teachers as emotional tone and mental stress, and also determined the index of their life satisfaction in new learning conditions. This article presents a comparative analysis of the emotional state of students, studied at two stages: in April 2020, when students first completely switched to the distance learning format, and in October 2020, when they returned to this format amid the growing new wave of the pandemic. The results of the first stage of the study revealed that abrupt changes in the conditions of the educational process, namely, its transfer to distance learning, as well as technical difficulties with equipment and the speed of the Internet, had a negative impact on the emotional state of many students. The data of the second stage of the study showed that most of the future teachers have adapted to distance learning and do not experience high psycho-emotional stress in the educational process. This is in particular evidenced by such facts as an increase in the number of students participating in classes with the camera turned on, in contrast to the first stage of distance learning, when almost all students in lectures and practical classes experienced problems associated with the "camera effect". In general, student teachers have become much more active in learning activities than in the first months of transition to online learning.

scholarly journals Complicated Abdominal Seat Belt Injuries in Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yechiel Sweed ◽  
Alon Yulevich ◽  
Gabriela Ciceu ◽  
Jonathan Singer-Jordan ◽  
Liat Apel-Sarid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Primary Anastomosis ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
Abdominal Injuries ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Duodenal Injuries ◽  
Two Stages

Background: The proper use of security accessories in cars has resulted in the reduction of morbidity and mortality both in adults and children. Improper use of abdominal seat belt is associated in some cases with severe abdominal injuries. Objectives: Investigation of the treatment outcomes of children who suffered complicated abdominal seat belt injuries between 1998 and 2013. Methods: We present five cases of children aged 6-14 years, who suffered complicated abdominal injuries due to improper use of the seat belt. Abdominal injuries included injuries to the liver, spleen, small bowel (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), colon and aorta, mesenterial bleeding, retroperitoneal bleeding, bowel obstruction and pelvic fractures. Results: Three children were operated on within a few hours of admission due to peritoneal irritation, hemodynamic instability after fluid resuscitation, bowel injuries including perforation and bowel ischemia. Two children who were hemodynamically stable, were operated on after few days. One of them had a diagnosis of aortic injury and the other, bowel obstruction. The first child was treated in two stages: i. repair of duodenal rupture, and ii. repair of the aortic injury by using interposition Gore-Tex graft. For the child with bowel obstruction, segmental resection and primary anastomosis were performed. The operation and postoperative periods for all children were uneventful, and all five children are healthy today. Conclusion: 1) The abdominal seat belt should always be used in conjunction with the chest seat belt. 2) An abdominal seat belt sign should always raise the possibility of complicated abdominal injuries. 3) Gastrointestinal tract injuries are common in this setting. 4) Aortic injury is rare; however, it can easily be missed initially. 5) Abdominal aortic trauma is associated with duodenal injuries in almost all cases.

scholarly journals Therole of Metasomatic Breeds in Ore Bodies Forecasting to Depth (Beshkuduk)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2828-2830
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Hydrothermal Mineralization ◽  
Sequential Change ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages

Hydrothermal mineralization in the deposit has a wide development. It occurs itself in three stages: pre-ore, ore and post-ore. In the pre-ore phase, quartz-albite-sericitechlorite metasomatitesoccurred. In the ore stage, two stages are distinguished: the earlier quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite stage with gold and quartz - the bleachers association. The minerals of these stages are confined to tectonic troublesome zones, zones of vein silicification, quartz and shale breccias. In the placement of products of hydrothermal metasomatism, a certain horizontal zonality is detected. There is a consistent sequential change of zones with distance from the quartz veins and faults.

scholarly journals On the question of geological prerequisites of Dnieper-Donets depression hydrodynamic traps formation

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Exchange ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Hydrodynamic Type ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Geophysical Study ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
Almost All

Formulation of the problem. Hydrocarbon pools in hydrodynamic traps are known within many oil and gas provinces. The Dnieper-Donets basin is one of the regions where non-vault traps of almost all types and associated with them hydrocarbon pools are widespread, while HT in DDD are not yet typical, although the geological structure of the region indicates the possibility of their formation. Thus, substantiation of the role of geological preconditions in the processes of hydrodynamic type traps formation is the main task of the work. Analysis of recent research and publications. In the monograph of O. Plotnikov (2001) among the promising regions for the search for HT defined DDD. The reason for this was the data on the presence in some productive horizons, in particular in the Sorochinsky and Rudenkivsky fields, of formation waters that lie above gas-bearing deposits. It is believed by some researchers, that the leading role in the formation of gas accumulations at these fields belongs to formation waters. According to the results of geological and geophysical study of the southern slope of the Kalmius-Torets depression and the Krasnoarmijska monocline in the south-eastern part of the DDD (A. Terdovidov (2000), S. Pavlov (2004), favorable geological prerequisites for the formation of HT in Paleozoic sediments established. Selection of previously unsolved parts of the overall problem. The general problem of searching for HT in the DDD as a whole task has not been solved so far. Formulation of the purpose of the article. Estimation of possibilities of a new direction of search and reconnaissance works in DDD, namely on non-traditional non-vault traps of hydrodynamic type substantiation. Results. The Visean dominant productive complex, regionally extended on the monocline slopes of the northern and southern sides of the depression and lithologically represented mainly by sandy horizons, was selected for priority research. The significant content of alluvial sandstones in Visean sediments section allowed the authors to consider them as special reservoirs of fluids, and paleoalluvial systems to study in the rank of independent search objects. Their territorial location is logically related to the existing deflections of the surface of the crystalline basement, most of which are associated with modern river systems, which indicates the current functioning of their relationship. The authors made an attempt to substantiate within the northern side of the DDD the following forecast water exchange systems: 1) expultional overflowing; 2) docking regime (both in the terminology of O. Plotnikov) in Paleozoic sediments; 3) infiltration water exchange in Mesozoic sediments, as necessary conditions for catching migrating upward hydrocarbons. The decrease in the infiltration waters velocity to insignificant values is interpreted by the authors as a typical phenomenon for "closed" monoclines, within which there was an equilibrium between the pressure of infiltrative waters and the resistance of expultional fluids. This equilibrium is seen as a term of creating conditions for hydrodynamic trapping. The conclusions emphasize the need for comprehensive research to confirm the predictive models of water exchange and obtain data for mapping piezometric minimums, where there is an presumable accumulation of hydrocarbons.

GOLD POTENTIAL OF MANITANYRDSKY AREA AND PROSPECTS FOR RESOURCE POTENTIAL RAMP-UP, POLAR URALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
L. I. Efanova ◽  
S. K. Kuznetsov ◽  
M. B. Tarbaev ◽  
T. P. Mayorova
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
General Information ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Ore Formation ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Gold Sulfide

General information on geological structure and gold potential of Manitanyrdsky area located in the western Polar Urals is provided. Niyayuskaya ore zone is revealed, Verkhneniyayuskoye-2, Niyakhoiskoye-2 and Yagodnoye mineral occurrences are characterized. It is shown that, aside from vein gold-sulfide-quartz mineralization, disseminated and veinlet-disseminated mineralization separated from quartz veins is widespread, which is also of economic interest. Gold in ores occurs as ultrafine inclusions in arsenopyrite and pyrite; it is also found in cross fractures as overgrown with later sulfides, which suggests two ore formation stages - gold-pyrite-arsenopyrite and gold-chalcopyritesphalerite-galena. Lithochemical prospecting results are presented, gold-enriched areas are identified. Prospects for the area’s resource potential ramp-up are assessed.

scholarly journals New Geochemical and Mineralogical Data on Rocks and Ores of the NE Flank of the Oktyabr’skoe Deposit (Norilsk Area) and a View on Their Origin

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Krivolutskaya ◽  
Yana Bychkova ◽  
Bronislav Gongalsky ◽  
Irina Kubrakova ◽  
Oksana Tyutyunnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Olivine Gabbro ◽  
Sulfide Ores ◽  
Intrusive Body ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Almost All

The Oktyabr’skoe deposit in the Norilsk ore district is the largest platinum-copper-nickel deposit in the world. It contains a huge main orebody (2.4 km3) of massive sulfide ores and some smaller sulfide bodies. Almost all publications on this deposit are devoted to the main orebody. However, to solve the problems of the deposit genesis, it is necessary to take into account the geological structure of the entire area and the composition of all orebodies. For the first time we present data on the inner structure, geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of the intrusive body, and related the disseminated and massive sulfide ores (orebody number C-5) in the northeastern flank of the deposit. The intrusion studied in the core of the borehole RG-2 consists of several horizons including the following rock varieties (from bottom to top): olivine gabbro-dolerites, taxitic gabbro-dolerites, picritic gabbro-dolerites, troctolites, olivine-free gabbro-dolerites, ferrogabbro, and leucogabbro. The intrusion shows a strong differentiated inner structure where high-Mg rocks (up to 25 wt.% MgO troctolites and picritic gabbro-dolerites) in the bottom are associated with low-Mg rocks (6–7 wt.%, gabbro-dolerites, leucogabbro, ferrogabbro) without intermediate differentiated members (8–12 wt.% MgO olivine gabbro-dolerites). Rocks are characterized by low TiO2 content (≤1 wt.%). Taxitic gabbro-dolerites, picritic gabbro-dolerites, and troctolites contain disseminated sulfide chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite mineralization (32 m thick). Cu and Ni concentrations reach up 0.74 and 0.77 wt.%, respectively. Massive ores (27 m) occur in the bottom part of the intrusion. The ores consist of pentlandite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, the latter mineral dominates. Their chemical composition is stable: Cu/Ni ~1, Pd/Pt varies from 5 to 6. The C-5 orebody is similar to the C-3 orebody in terms of mineral and chemical compositions, and differ from the nearby the C-4 orebody which is characterized by a Cu/Ni ratio changing from 5 to 8. On the basis of geochemical and mineralogical data, it is assumed that orebodies C-3 and C-5 are associated with one intrusion, while the orebody number C-4 is related to another intrusive body. Thus, the deposit has a more complex structure and includes several more intrusions than is usually considered.

scholarly journals The geological and structural controls of gold mineralization in Qala en Nahal-Um Sagata region, South Gedarif, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Musab Awad Ahmed HASSAN ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr Evgen’yevich KOTEL’NIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mineralization ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Ophiolitic Complex

Relevance and purpose of the work. The study area is located in Gedarif state in Sudan. The ongoing work is aimed at solving fundamental problems of the geological structure of the Qala En Nahal-Um Saqata Ophiolitic Complex and applied tasks of mineral exploration. Detailed studies are being conducted for the first time in this area. The purpose of the investigation is to study the geological and structural features of the region, as well as to obtain information about the localization of gold mineralization. Methods of research. Within the study area, a geological mapping of the ophiolitic complex was carried out. It’s included an analysis of structural elements for investigation of the structural evolution and the phases of deformation. Chemical analysis of the mineralized quartz veins to determine the gold was carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) technique at the ALS Laboratory in Saudi Arabia. Results of the work. The investigation of the structural evolution revealed at least three phases of deformation. The gold mineralization occurs in auriferous quartz veins, which are hosted in metavocano-sedimentary, sheared synorogenic granites and listvenites. The auriferous quartz veins are structurally controlled by dominantly NE main shear directions. Conclusions. The gold mineralization in the area can be classified shear zone related mineralization, which is formed during the final event accomplished by crustal cooling, and formation of auriferous quartz vein along shear zones. Gold concentration were recorded in both quartz veins and associates alteration rocks. The area is promising for the presence of a gold deposit.

scholarly journals New data on eruptions of mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ад.А. Алиев ◽  
Г.Д. Етирмишли
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
Mud Volcanoes ◽  
Eruptive Center ◽  
The North ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Almost All

Статья посвящена новым извержениям самых активных грязевых вулканов Шамахи-Гобустанского региона Восточного Азербайджана – Шихзарли и Гушчу, характеризующихся частыми проявлениями. Так, начиная с 1844 г. зарегистрировано 26 извержений грязевого вулкана Шихзарли, одно из которых, наиболее интенсивное произошло в феврале 1902 г. после катастрофического Шамахинского землетрясения. Цель исследования. Рассмотрены геологическая позиция грязевых вулканов, сейсмологические данные, определившие глубину очага и энергию извержения, дан краткий исторический обзор извержений. Методы исследования. Геологическое строение площадей расположения грязевых вулканов изложено на основе новых данных, полученных в последние годы о тектонике грязевулканических районов Азербайджана, в частности Гобустана, с выделением разломных структур и расположенных между ними микроблоков, а также тектонических единиц – аллохтон, паравтохтон и автохтон. В одном их таких микроблоков (Баянатинский) расположен грязевой вулкан Шихзарли, относящийся к паравтохтону. Почти все извержения грязевых вулканов Шихзарли и Гушчу, а также последние их проявления спровоцированы землетрясениями, происшедшими в близкорасположенных к ним районах и отмечены 5–7 сейсмостанциями. Предыдущее извержение грязевого вулкана Гушчу в Шамахинском районе в январе 2020 года явилось следствием подземных толчков в соседнем Исмаиллинском районе. В историческом обзоре рассматриваемых грязевых вулканов отмечены характерные и отличительные особенности их проявлений. Последнее (16-е) извержение грязевого вулкана Гушчу произошло из нового эруптивного центра, на расстоянии 700 м к северу от основного действующего более ста лет кратера вулкана. Результаты работы. Приведены результаты геохимического анализа вулканической брекчии, особенно нефтеносных пород – песчаников и горючих сланцев эоцен-миоценовых отложений для оценки перспектив нефтегазоносности площадей расположения изученных грязевых вулканов. В пределах Баянатинского микроблока нефтегазовые скопления могут быть открыты под грязевулканическим очагом The article is devoted to new eruptions of the most active mud volcanoes Shikhzarli and Gushchu in the Shamakhi-Gobustan region of East Azerbaijan. These volcanoes are characterized by frequent manifestations. Thus, since 1844, 26 eruptions of the Shikhzarli mud volcano have been recorded. The most intense eruption occurred in February 1902 after the catastrophic Shamakhi earthquake. Aim. The geological position of mud volcanoes, seismological data that determined the depth of the source and the energy of the eruption are considered. A brief historical review of the eruptions is given. Methods.The geological structure of the areas where mud volcanoes are located is presented on the basis of new data obtained in recent years on the tectonics of mud volcanic regions of Azerbaijan. In particular for this reason was used Gobustan, with the identification of fault structures and microblocks located between them, as well as tectonic units - allochthon, parautochthon and autochthon. In one of these microblocks (Bayanata), there is the Shikhzarli mud volcano, which belongs to the parautochthon. Almost all the eruptions of the Shikhzarli and Gushchu mud volcanoes, as well as their last manifestations, are induced by earthquakes that have occurred in the regions close to them and are registered by 5–7 seismic stations. The previous eruption of the Gushchu mud volcano in the Shamakhi region in January 2020 was the result of tremors in the neighboring Ismayilli region. In the historical review of the considered mud volcanoes, characteristic and distinctive features of their manifestations are noted. The last (16th) eruption of the Gushchu mud volcano occurred from a new eruptive center, at a distance of 700 m to the north of the main crater of the volcano that has been active for more than a hundred years. Results. The results of geochemical analysis of volcanic breccias, especially oil-bearing rocks - sandstones and oil shales of Eocene-Miocene deposits are presented to assess the prospects for oil and gas content of the areas where the considered mud volcanoes are located. Within the Bayanata microblock, oil and gas accumulations can be discovered under a mud volcanic chamber

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