scholarly journals The problem of implementation of teaching methods in questions-problems of school textbooks on biology

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
Borуs Chernov ◽  
Natalia Dovgan
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Independent Observation ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
First Time

The study for the first time in didactics of biology puts the problem of realization of teaching methods of biology, classification is done by levels of cognitive activity of students in the system of questions and tasks textbooks on biology, as in the structure of the components of methodological textbooks are crucial in learning by students content.It was investigated that the question-tasks are intended to stimulate and direct the cognitive activity of students in the process of assimilating the content of the text of the textbook, thus contributing to the development of their cognitive interests and abilities, as well as the formation of skills and abilities of independent activity with educational material and during independent observation of natural and natural-social phenomena and objects.The classification of task-related questions by the main (dominant) function was presented, which made it possible to distinguish the following three groups (levels) of task questions:- the first level of difficulty - the easiest, performing reproductive function - the consolidation of knowledge, skills and abilities of students. Assist students to recite the studied, pay attention to the characteristic of natural and natural-social phenomena, processes and objects, to work with maps, charts, diagrams, tables, other illustrations of the textbook and contour maps;- the second level of complexity - help to master the methods of logical thinking and knowledge about the experience of creative activity, make it possible to establish interrelations and interdependence of local lore and internal phenomena and processes with the world;- the third level of complexity - help to master the experience of creative activity and form educational and research skills and skills in the process of independent observation and research, especially regional studies.The tracing of the availability of three levels of difficulty in textbooks in the textbooks allows the teacher to organize the training of all students, as well as to promote their self-education. The application of the systematic method of research has allowed to establish a divergence in the development of questions-tasks, the dispersion of numerous false categories, with a numerical predominance of their reproductive nature, which does not contribute to the modern requirements of creative development of students.

scholarly journals Bearing Severity Fault Evaluation Using Contour Maps—Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6452
Author(s):  
César Ricardo Soto-Ocampo ◽  
Juan David Cano-Moreno ◽  
José Manuel Mera ◽  
Joaquín Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Health Indicators ◽  
Bearing Faults ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Bearing Damage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Current Operating

Increasing industrial competitiveness has led to an increased global interest in condition monitoring. In this sector, rotating machinery plays an important role, where the bearing is one of the most critical components. Many vibration-based signal treatments are already being used to identify features associated with bearing faults. The information embedded in such features are employed in the construction of health indicators, which allow for evaluation of the current operating status of the machine. In this work, the use of contour maps to represent the diagnosis map of a bearing, used as a health map, is presented for the first time. The results show that the proposed method is promising, allowing for the satisfactory detection and evaluation of the severity of bearing damage. In this initial stage of the research, our results suggest that this method can improve the classification of bearing faults and, therefore, optimise maintenance processes.

scholarly journals The Role of Active Teaching Methods in the Formation of Students’ Cognition and Creativity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 460-467
Author(s):  
D. Babaev ◽  
M. Bylykova
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Active Teaching ◽  
Higher Educational

Higher education as a subject of study of this article in the summer provides for the process of teaching pedagogical disciplines. When conducting seminars in a higher educational institution, the cognitive activity and creativity of students of individual methods of developing physical activity for the purpose of research. Recognition of students and creative activity of children. conversation “brainstorming”, “game activities” “round table” competition of practical works and methods of their discussion is used. It recognizes students on the basis of methods, determining the conditions for the development of culture and creativity. Specific recommendations are given. Student creativity the fact that active learning has a great influence on improvement, also identified. Results in higher educational institution to improve the process of teaching pedagogical disciplines contributes to. This article is recommended for university professors for use in seminars.

scholarly journals Interactive methods of teaching dentistry in postgraduate education as a condition for stimulating cognitive activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
U. Y. Musaev ◽  
J. A. Rizaev
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Interactive Methods ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Interactive Teaching ◽  
Interactive Training ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
First Time

The article presents new materials about active and interactive teaching methods in improving the quality and modernization of the modern medical education system. The information about the objects of research and innovative technologies of interactive training in the specialty therapeutic dentistry is presented. The stages of organizing an interactive educational process are outlined with the outlook for the knowledge gained, as well as improving the organization of the control system for teaching and mastering practical skills, organizing and conducting for the first time a master class with training in Uzbekistan, congresses and international scientific and practical conferences with the invitation of foreign dentists.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological foundations of organizing students’ project activity in institutions of children’s and youth arts

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Valentin Nicolaevich Mikhelkevich ◽  
Lyudmila Pavlovna Ovchinnikova ◽  
Anna Igorevna Lisovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Supplementary Education ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Activity Organization

The paper presents theoretical and methodological foundations of students project activity organization in institutions of childrens and youth arts. The retrospective analysis of scientific publications and advanced pedagogical experience related to young people creative development in the system of supplementary education (centers of childrens and youth arts et al.) proves that project technology plays a dominant role in encouraging students to learn modeling and design engineering as well as acquiring skills of independent creative activity. Values and advantages of project technology distinguish it favorably from traditional and innovative pedagogical technologies. The paper shows that project technology is oriented to integration, synthesis of students theoretical knowledge and their practical activity: it means that carrying out a project we not only set a specific creative task but also do our best to put it into practice in the form of pictures, drawings, applications, software, dummies, devices, robots, etc. Undertaking a particular project the student is supposed to learn how to identify social and technical contradictions and problems and overcome them. Project technology is focused on students creative work which helps to develop and strengthen the skills required to organize their independent work. The paper introduces the typology of training projects used in the center of childrens and youth arts as well as the techniques of their individual and selective choice. There is a focus on basic classification criteria of training projects: leading modality of students training and cognitive activity; the levels of interdisciplinary integration of knowledge acquired by the students while carrying out the project; subjects and conditions for project activity organization.

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
А. Н. Сухов
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Structure Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This given article reveals the topicality not only of destructive, but also of constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. Practically it has been done for the first time. It also describes the history of the formation of both foreign and domestic social conflictology. At the same time, the chronology of the development of the latter is restored and presented objectively, in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The article deals with the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The subject of social conflictology includes the regularities of their occurrence and manifestation at various levels, spheres and conditions, including normal, complicated and extreme ones. Social conflictology includes the theory and practice of diagnosing, resolving, and resolving social conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics, and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is no accident that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Social conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot of work to be done, both in theory and in application, for its complete design. At present, there is an urgent need to develop conflict-related competence not only of professionals, but also for various groups of the population.

Creating with Constraints

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Georges Perec ◽  
Gyorgy Ligeti ◽  
Raymond Queneau ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Process Constraints

Musicians have long framed their creative activity within constraints, whether imposed externally or consciously chosen. As noted by Leonard Meyer, any style can be viewed as an ensemble of constraints, requiring the features of the artwork to conform with accepted norms. Such received stylistic constraints may be complemented by additional, voluntary limitations: for example, using only a limited palette of pitches or sounds, setting rules to govern repetition or transformation, controlling the formal layout and proportions of the work, or limiting the variety of operations involved in its creation. This chapter proposes a fourfold classification of the limits most often encountered in music creation into material (absolute and relative), formal, style/genre, and process constraints. The role of constraints as a spur and guide to musical creativity is explored in the domains of composition, improvisation, performance, and even listening, with examples drawn from contemporary composers including György Ligeti, George Aperghis, and James Tenney. Such musical constraints are comparable to self-imposed limitations in other art forms, from film (the Dogme 95 Manifesto) and visual art (Robert Morris’s Blind Time Drawings) to the writings of authors associated with the Oulipo (Ouvroir de littérature potentielle) such as Georges Perec and Raymond Queneau.

scholarly journals Morphological and Ultrastructural Characterization of Hemocytes in an Insect Model, the Hematophagous Dipetalogaster maxima (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Moyetta ◽  
Fabián O. Ramos ◽  
Jimena Leyria ◽  
Lilián E. Canavoso ◽  
Leonardo L. Fruttero
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Controversial Aspect

Hemocytes, the cells present in the hemolymph of insects and other invertebrates, perform several physiological functions, including innate immunity. The current classification of hemocyte types is based mostly on morphological features; however, divergences have emerged among specialists in triatomines, the insect vectors of Chagas’ disease (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Here, we have combined technical approaches in order to characterize the hemocytes from fifth instar nymphs of the triatomine Dipetalogaster maxima. Moreover, in this work we describe, for the first time, the ultrastructural features of D. maxima hemocytes. Using phase contrast microscopy of fresh preparations, five hemocyte populations were identified and further characterized by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. The plasmatocytes and the granulocytes were the most abundant cell types, although prohemocytes, adipohemocytes and oenocytes were also found. This work sheds light on a controversial aspect of triatomine cell biology and physiology setting the basis for future in-depth studies directed to address hemocyte classification using non-microscopy-based markers.

A comparison of methodological approaches to the subfamilial classification of the Naididae (Oligochaeta)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. L. Nemec ◽  
R. O. Brinkhurst
Keyword(s):  
Data Matrix ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Linkage Methods ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

A data matrix of 23 generic or subgeneric taxa versus 24 characters and a shorter matrix of 15 characters were analyzed by means of ordination, cluster analyses, parsimony, and compatibility methods (the last two of which are phylogenetic tree reconstruction methods) and the results were compared inter alia and with traditional methods. Various measures of fit for evaluating the parsimony methods were employed. There were few compatible characters in the data set, and much homoplasy, but most analyses separated a group based on Stylaria from the rest of the family, which could then be separated into four groups, recognized here for the first time as tribes (Naidini, Derini, Pristinini, and Chaetogastrini). There was less consistency of results within these groups. Modern methods produced results that do not conflict with traditional groupings. The Jaccard coefficient minimizes the significance of symplesiomorphy and complete linkage avoids chaining effects and corresponds to actual similarities, unlike single or average linkage methods, respectively. Ordination complements cluster analysis. The Wagner parsimony method was superior to the less flexible Camin–Sokal approach and produced better measure of fit statistics. All of the aforementioned methods contain areas susceptible to subjective decisions but, nevertheless, they lead to a complete disclosure of both the methods used and the assumptions made, and facilitate objective hypothesis testing rather than the presentation of conflicting phylogenies based on the different, undisclosed premises of manual approaches.

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