scholarly journals INNOVATIVE METHODS OF JOINT PROCESSING OF HEAD AND FUSEL FRACTION IN RECTIFIED ALCOHOL END BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Y.V. Bulii ◽  
I.I. Yuryk ◽  
O.M. Obodovych ◽  
V.V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Cyclic Action ◽  
Joint Processing ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Column Method ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

With rising energy prices, the development and implementation of innovative energy-saving technologies is a priority in the production of rectified alcohol and bioethanol.  By-products of distillation are the head fraction of ethyl alcohol, fusel oil, and fusel alcohol. Existing methods of joint processing of the head and fusel fractions in one column do not provide effective removal together head and intermediate impurities, which adversely affects the quality of commercial alcohol. The aim of the work was to develop methods of joint processing of the head and fusel fractions in the column for the concentration of impurities of cyclic action, to determine the optimal technological parameters of the column, and to test the efficiency of innovative methods in production conditions: to determine the degree of extraction, the concentration of volatile impurities Three schemes of processing of the head and fusel fractions are given. The method I allowed to free the bottom products from the head and intermediate impurities of alcohol and use such a liquid for hydroselection in the epuration column. Method II allowed significantly improving the physicochemical parameters of the bottom water-alcohol products, improving the quality of rectified ethyl alcohol by more complete removal of volatile organic impurities from the zones of their maximum accumulation and reducing their content in the reflux entering the irrigation column. Method III allowed ensuring maximum removal of volatile head and intermediate impurities and reducing the loss of ethyl alcohol with the concentrate of impurities. The use of innovative methods allows for joint processing of the main and fusel fractions in the production of rectified alcohol and bioethanol, to increase the yield of marketable alcohol by 3.8%.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE DEGREE OF EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC IMPURITIES OF RECTIFIED ALCOHOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Y. V. Bulii ◽  
O. M. Obodovych ◽  
V. V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Organic Impurities ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mass Transfer Equipment ◽  
Rectification Unit ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

Obtaining high quality rectified ethyl alcohol is a priority for the further development of the alcohol industry. The solution to this urgent problem is possible under the condition of deeper extraction and concentration of volatile alcohol impurities on the plates of the column equipment of the Distillation/Rectification Unit. In the columns of the Distillation/Rectification Unit simultaneously with the release of volatile alcohol impurities due to the esterification reaction is the formation of organic compounds that degrade its quality and reduce the yield of the final product. Thus, during the interaction of alcohols, acids, and aldehydes, the breakdown products of amino acids, sulfur compounds, and other components of the brew in the fermentation column are the formation of esters, aldehydes, and acetals of organic acids. The aim of the work was to determine the optimal technological modes of distillation of alcohol-containing intermediate products and by-products of the distillation/rectification process in the accelerating column, epuration of wash distillate in the epuration column, the concentration of rectified alcohol in the alcohol column, and its repeated epuration in the column of final clearance, under which the content of organic impurities in rectified ethyl alcohol would be the lowest. Materials and methods.  Research methods were analytical, chemical, physico-chemical with the use of instruments and research methods used in the production of rectified ethyl alcohol. The concentration of volatile alcohol impurities was determined on a gas chromatograph with a column of HP FFAP 50 m × 0.32 m. It is determined that to increase the degree of extraction of organic impurities it is necessary to ensure the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the column bottom of the accelerating column, which does not exceed 4% vol.; pasteurization zone in the rectification column increase to 10 plates, reduce the concentration of ethanol in the epurate to 22-29% by hydroselection of impurities; for hydroselection in the epuration column use free of impurities bottom products of the accelerating column. To improve the quality of rectified alcohol and reduce energy consumption by extending the contact time on the plates of steam and liquid, a promising direction is the use of mass transfer equipment of cyclic mode. The proposed measures require constant monitoring of technological parameters and provide for the operation of technological equipment in an automated mode.

scholarly journals Results of Laboratory Studies of the Automated Sorting System for Root and Onion Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Automatic Removal

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.

Innovative Methods in Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Lamont ◽  
Robert S. Markle ◽  
Annie Wright ◽  
Michelle Abraczinskas ◽  
James Siddall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Integration Program ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Program Adoption ◽  
Key Questions

Traditional methods of evaluation are limited in their ability to answer key questions often of interest to process evaluators, such as heterogeneity in the ways individuals adopt new programs. In this article, we demonstrate how a statistical approach, Latent Class Analysis, can help improve the quality of process evaluations and illustrate its use in an evaluation of an educational technology integration program in a large school district. In this illustration, we were interested in detecting variability in the ways teachers adopted the new program. We defined classes based on a set of innovative teaching strategies associated with educational technology. Results showed five distinct subgroups of teachers, based on level of program adoption. Results also demonstrate that specific school support strategies (professional development and personalized computing devices) facilitated program adoption. These findings can help to inform individualized support for teachers to optimize the ease and quality with which they are able to adopt new skills in the classroom.

Quality Assessment of Machined Surfaces by an Optical Profilometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
pp. 443-450
Author(s):  
Jana Gerková ◽  
Ľuboslav Straka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Production System ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Cutting Head ◽  
Optical Profilometer ◽  
Machined Surfaces

Technological parameters affecting the surface quality of cutting edges in production system with the AWJ technology include cutting head movement speed. The article examines and evaluates the quality of processed surface by the AWJ technology on selected materials as related to the change of cutting head movement speed. It was discovered that the movement speed for the AWJ technology has a significant effect on the surface quality

scholarly journals Innovative Methods in Management and Raising the Quality of Higher Professional Education in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (SPE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Erofeeva ◽  
◽  
Alla N. Stolyarova ◽  
Aleksandra I. Terekhova ◽  
Alla V. Ignatyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Higher Professional Education

scholarly journals Determination of main parameters of ISOBUS system based agricultural machinery management

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Magó László ◽  
Kosta Gligorević ◽  
Milan Dražić ◽  
Mićo Oljača
Keyword(s):  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
System Of Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Machines

ISO organization (https://www.iso.org) in early 90s defined an industry standard for the communication protocol among electronic devices of different manufacturers of agricultural machines. After that, all of the market actors recognised that this technology would be very important for agricultural electronics. The appearance of ISOBUS products in the market was in the mid-2000s. ISOBUS description could be found in ISO-11783 (https://www.iso.org). Through the standards and the related technical background, the production processes and the operations could be followed and monitored by the extensive Data Management. Farmers' and users legitimate needs and developing goal is to elaborate a decision support systems that follow-up the utilisation of the machines and ensure the quality of operations. For this purpose, it is essential to determine which technical, economical, technological parameters detection, measurement, transmission, processing, and evaluation becomes necessary. In our work, we reviewed which mechanical characteristic, settings are monitored within the ISOBUS system by the major machine manufacturers. We developed the system of parameters and derived features that provide effective farm-, and land-management in case of attached equipment for spreading of input materials, plant protection and tillage implements.

scholarly journals Intensifications of the wooling mechanism with increasing electric conductivity of fibers

Academia Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khasanov Doston
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Quaternary Salt ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Protein Fiber ◽  
Effect Of The Composition

The wide possibilities of modifying manufactured industrial fibers aimed at improving their physico-mechanical properties, structural and technological parameters. In connection with the above, it was of interest to study the effect of a number of water-soluble compositions based on a poly-quaternary salt of dimethyl-allyl-β - methacryloyloxyethylammonium bromide in combination with glycerin on the structural and physico-mechanical properties of protein fiber, and also to study the effect of the composition on wool spinning and the quality of wool yarn .

scholarly journals Evaluation of the diesel engine feed by unified battlefield fuel F-34/F-35 mixed with biocomponents

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Mirosław KARCZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Anhydrous Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
The Military

The problem of the military vehicles engines fuelling increases with the growth of the amount of vehicles in the armies. At the same time, another problem with fuel supply in modern engines is the use of bio component additives, which changes characteristics (quality) of the used fuels. Therefore, it is important to take actions to adapt engines to powering with fuels coming from renewable sources.The aim of the research was to evaluate the possibility of feeding the diesel engine (influence on the useful parameters and composi-tion) with mixtures of the unified battlefield fuel F-34/F-35 with biocomponents in the form of anhydrous ethyl alcohol and RME. The tests were conducted during fuelling of the engine with six kinds of fuels: basic fuel (diesel oil), NATO code F-34/F-35 fuel, as well as fuel mixtures: F-34 and RME with different ratio and F-34/F-35 with bioethanol. In the result of the research it was concluded that the parameters of the G9T Renault engine with the common rail fuel system in terms of F-34 and RME consumption (using) decreased in comparison to diesel oil basic fuel. It is not possible to supply the engine with the mixture of ethyl alcohol and F-34 fuel – alcohol pre-cipitation and obliteration of fuel system components

scholarly journals Optimization of the design and technological parameters of an active ripper of a combined working body

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00068
Author(s):  
S. A. Ivanaisky ◽  
M. A. Kanaev ◽  
Y. A. Kirov ◽  
M. S. Ivanaisky ◽  
S. V. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Working Bodies

The research objective is to improve the quality of soil loosening using combined working bodies for surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The efficiency of accumulation and conservation of precipitation in the autumn-winter period depends on the method of post-harvest soil cultivation. One of them is the autumn surface water-retaining treatment, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the processes of accumulation and conservation of moisture due to the deeper loosening of the cultivated soil layer. During loosening and mulching, the top layer of the soil contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture not only in the upper but also in deeper soil horizons. However, the used tillage tools do not fully solve the problem of the high-quality performance of surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The article presents the results of studies of the degree of influence of geometric and technological parameters of the additional active cultivator on the quality of surface tillage. Based on the results of the research carried out, the technological process of performing the surface tillage operation has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed for its implementation.

scholarly journals Problems of Analyzing Microstructure Images in Assessing the Impact of Technological Parameters of Combined Strain Wave Hardening on the Quality of the Surface Layer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Киричек ◽  
Andrey Kirichek ◽  
Дмитрий Соловьев ◽  
Dmitriy Solovyev ◽  
Александр Хандожко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Strain Wave ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Metallographic Images ◽  
Surface Layer Quality ◽  
The Impact

The problems of analyzing metallographic images and the method of their solution using modern software for the analysis of metallographic images are described. There is given an analysis of microstructure images as the main indicator of the surface layer quality by the example of studying the research results of strain wave hardening combinations and chemical-thermal treatment, in particular the influence of previous strain wave hardening and subsequent thermal and chemical- thermal treatment on the alloy steel microstructure or previous thermal and chemical- thermal treatment and subsequent strain wave hardening. On the basis of the analysis the effectiveness of strain wave hardening and chemical and thermal treatment is established.

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