scholarly journals Somatisms in the Structure of the Paremiological Means of the Kyrgyz Language

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sabira Zhamalbekovna Zhancharbekova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

This article provides a semantic analysis of somatisms in the proverbs of Kyrgyz folklore, examines the ability of somatic units to metaphorize and convey in an allegorical form the cultural and everyday features of the life of the people. Proverbs from Kyrgyz folklore containing a somatic component were selected for analysis. The purpose of the study is to carry out a semantic analysis of somatisms and determine their role in the linguistic picture of the world of native speakers of the Kyrgyz language. It is shown that the most significant somatic concepts reflect the cultural, value and worldview guidelines of the people, their centuries-old history and everyday life. In the analysis, special attention is paid to the ability of somatisms to metaphorize complex everyday, historical, and cultural concepts. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the systematic analysis of various somatic groups in the proverbs of Kyrgyz folklore (communicative, denoting the senses, etc.) has been led for the first time. As a result, it was revealed that the image of "corporeality" is widely represented in the linguistic picture of the world of Kyrgyz speakers, somaticisms are an effective way of conceptualizing objects and phenomena of the surrounding world, as well as abstract concepts. It is concluded that the communicative function is often conveyed in Kyrgyz proverbs using the somatism “language”; somatism “head” replaces concepts similar in meaning (“mind”, “intellect”). The functional and external characteristics of body parts are used in folklore to denote a person's role in a social group, status, age, etc. Somatisms reveal complex folk images and metaphors that make up the linguistic picture of the world of native speakers of the Kyrgyz language.

scholarly journals Stylistic and Functional Features of Somatisms in the Epic of Manas

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-594
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Complex Phenomena

This article describes and analyzes examples of the use of somatisms in the Epic of Manas. Somatisms are viewed as a kind of cultural code that metaphorizes every day, historical features of the picture of the world of the Kyrgyz people. The material for the study was the text of the Epic of Manas, which is not only a well-known folklore work, but also an embodiment of cultural and historical phenomena in the life of the people. The somatisms contained in the text of the epic become a reflection of the everyday, worldview and cultural orientations of the native speakers. The purpose of the study is to identify the most common somatic units, as well as to determine their role and significance in the cultural code of the Kyrgyz language. Special attention is paid to the ability of somatisms to metaphorize to display complex historical, cultural and everyday features of the picture of the world of the Kyrgyz people. The novelty of the work lies in the systematic analysis of somatic units based on the Epic of Manas, in the distribution of somatisms into groups. As a result of the study, it became clear that the image of “corporeality” is often used in the linguistic picture of the world of an ethnic group. Somatisms are often used as a tool for conceptualizing objects, complex phenomena, cultural characteristics of the Kyrgyz people, etc. Somatisms are widely represented in oral folk art, they are an important element of the lexical richness of the language. This study is devoted to the use of somatisms in the Epic of Manas, revealing their role in the creation of artistic images and folk ideas about various objects and complex phenomena, traditions and culture.

SYNONYMY OF STABLE PHRASES IN THE DICTIONARY OF SMOLENSK DIALECTS: THE ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Nina Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
National Language ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The World ◽  
Volumetric Representation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Linguistic Units

The attention of modern linguistics to the study of verbal representatives of the mental essence (both individual and collective one) of the native speakers involves an appeal to all subsystems of the national language where territorial dialects take a significant part. The analysis of dialect linguistic units possessing linguistic and cultural value is considered as a necessary way for the study of people’s worldview and perception of the world, national mentality as a whole. The ability of stable phrases (phraseological units) to preserve and express a native speaker’s attitude to the world around them is the basis for the use of the analysis of folk phraseology as a way of penetration into a speaker’s spiritual world. Volumetric representation of the external and internal peculiarities of stable phrases allows the author to get their systematization in the form of phraseosemantic field consisting of different kinds singled out in phraseosemantic groups. The article deals with stable phrases of synonymic value recorded in the Dictionary of Smolensk dialects and stable phrases forming a phraseosemantic group. These phrases are analyzed taking into account the semantic structure of the key word, the characteristics of the dependent word, and the method of forming phraseological semantics. On the example of the analysis of phrases with the key word «bit’» and a synonymic series with the semantic dominant «bezdel’nichat’», the article discusses the peculiarities of phraseological nomination in Smolensk dialects and confirms a high level of connotativity and evaluation in the folk phraseology.

Euphemisms as linguistic tool for demonstration of politeness in Kempo speech of Manggarai language in west Flores, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Semiun
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Local Language ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

Abstract This article presents euphemisms as linguistic tools for the expression of politeness in a local language, Kempo speech of the Manggarai language, in West Flores, Indonesia. The universal use of euphemisms indcates that speakers of languages across the world very much care about politeness as a means to maintain social relationships. Euphemisms are defined as the use of soft or mild words to replace offensive words for the purpose of politeness. They are used during interactions, to ensure that social relationships are maintained. The qualitative data show that Kempo ethnic people use various types of mild words to prevent their crops being damaged by certain animals; to maintain interactions by not mentioning certain human body parts; to replace the names of certain professions that are not polite to mention during interactions; and to avoid mentioning unworthy words for certain activities, events, and conditions. These euphemisms are used to maintain politeness in any interaction or communication.The euphemisms identified are morphologically and syntactically formed. It is interesting that some euphemisms are in the form of words bearing lexical meanings, while others have idiomatic meanings. Meanwhile, some euphemisms are in phrase and clause forms that bear idiomatic meanings. These findings indicate that the people of Kempo ethnicity very much care about how to use language properly to maintain politeness and social relationships.

scholarly journals THE DIALECTICS OF ENGLISH DOMINANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
LILIA D. MONZO
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Colonial Order

The Hegemony of English across the world cannot be overstated (Macedo, Dendrinos & Gounari 2016). More and more nations are encouraging, if not mandating through compulsory education requirements, that their citizens learn English (Xue & Zuo 2013). This demand for English is rising even among countries who have few native speakers of English. Importantly, making any language learning a national project carries a critical message about that language and its power. Robert Philipson (2011) points out that this growing demand and compulsory establishment of English (through schooling) can be nothing less than linguistic imperialism, with the World Bank re-introducing the historical colonial order. Nations are clamoring to learn English as quickly as possible in the hopes that doing so will boost their competitive edge on the global market (McCormick 2013). Indeed, there is evidence that English proficiency elevates the status and power of specific nations and provides individuals greater access to jobs and resources, but as Anna Odrowaz-Coates shows, in the case of Portugal and Poland, this will not happen without a significant cost to the national identity and to the identities of the people and their families and communities.

scholarly journals Modern Moldovan Theatre: A Return to the Origins

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Irina Evgenevna Katereva
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
East And West ◽  
Theatrical Practice

The article examines one of the trends in the development of modern Moldavian theatre. Being complex and multifaceted phenomenon, it is generally influenced by the direction of society's development. At the present stage its development is based on the influence of two simultaneously existing and opposing directions. One is directed outwards, expanding the range of his contacts with theaters of other countries and reflecting the principle of transculturalism. Since the 90s of the previous century, the art of actors in the Moldovan theater, the specificity of their expressiveness appeals to the experience of world's theatrical art in all its integrity, where archaic and modernity, East and West, complementing each other, serve mutual development. Another vector of development, fundamental, is directed inward. It is connected with the deep processes that affected the dramatic art of Moldova. The theatre rushed to its inner support, to the origins, from the depths of which the national theatrical tradition grows and where myth, ritual, archetype reign inseparably. At the junction of archaic and modernity, the theatre is looking for an opportunity to reveal the spiritual space of the people, the world of ancestral archetypes, the authentic unconscious. Through the art of acting to express the enduring features of the soul, the «ethnic cosmos». Research methods: theoretical analysis, generalization of scientific researches, Internet materials, systematic analysis of theatrical practice. Author concludes that modern Moldovan theatre develops under the influence of two interrelated vectors of development, existing simultaneously and oppositely directed.

Missionary Language Learning in a World Hierarchy of Languages

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
William A. Smalley
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
English Speaking

Languages are organized into a hierarchy of multilingualism based on patterns of learning and use. Native speakers of English, at the top of the hierarchy, find the popularity of English to be convenient. However, it is also detrimental to the work of English-speaking missionaries, as many are inhibited by hierarchical assumptions from gaining the level of skill which they need in the languages of the people to whom they want to minister. Missionary language competence therefore seems to be decreasing throughout the world as English increases, and only conversion of the typical Anglo missionary worldview can reverse the decline.

scholarly journals THE TRANSFORMATION OF ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE IN THE FUTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Salmon Pandarangga
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Language

<p align="left">Abstract: It is argued that English as a global language has some advantages to people around the world. One of the advantages is that English language is used as a tool of communication, empowerment and unification of people in the global community. In other words, English plays a very important role to unite all the people around the globe regardless their nationalities, cultural backgrounds, or races. However, for some scholars, English is seen as a potential threat to linguistic diversity in the world (Florey, 2010; Graddol, 1997; Tsuda, 2008; Phillipson, 2008). These scholars strongly believed that the dominant and powerful of English use in the global community has destroyed and killed most of the languages in the world. Some of the languages, as Florey claimed, become death languages. These scholars thus believed that English is responsible for the loss and death of thousands of minority native languages around the world. Instead of debating and taking side,  it is argued that non-native speakers will use their own English teaching materials with their own context culturally , English will share the role as a global language with other languages e.g. Arabic, Spanish, Bahasa Indonesia, Mandarin, and there will be more new and various of English (es) forms around the world. </p><p align="left"><em> </em></p><strong>Keywords:</strong><em> </em>a global language, English, communication, linguistic diversity, transformation.<em> </em>

Language Weltbild of Spiritual and Moral Values as a Culture Code of a Nation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
А. Миньяр-Белоручева ◽  
A. Minyar-Belorucheva
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
The People ◽  
Moral Category ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Code ◽  
The Universe

The article deals with the language Weltbild of spiritual and moral values as an integral part of the Weltbild of a particular people and its identification code that forms the person’s attitude to the world and sets the norms of his behavior. Language as a moral category, stores peoples’ knowledge about their environment and ambience and contributes to shaping worldview common for its native speakers. Linguistic consciousness of the people stores not only their past and defines the future, but preserves spiritual and moral values as well. Spiritual and moral values reflect the attitude of men to the universe and set the norms of their behavior. In the natural language that reproduces a certain way of conceptualizing the world, meanings are arranged in a system of values shared by the native speakers of a certain culture. Weltbild that reflects spiritual and moral values of a particular people, is verbalized in the language Weltbild. The power of a word should not be underestimated as with the worlt does not only start the real life of homo sapiens but his spiritual life too. Words are always used to induce people to change their inner and outer lives. The commandments passed through language turn it from the means of communication into one of the highest spiritual values. Language always affects men, inspiring them, destroying them and urging them to act.

Metaphorical Models of Discourse Designing of the Negative Image of Russia in Spanish Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Yuliya A. Gornostaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
The World ◽  
Proper Name

This article deals with the problem of discourse designing of the negative image of Russia in Spanish mass media using metaphorical models with the target domain “Russia”. Within the framework of this study, a metaphorical model is defined as a mental scheme of connections between different conceptual domains, which is formed and fixed in the minds of native speakers. The material includes Spanish articles from reputable sources (El País and BBC News in Spanish) mentioning Russia (over 500,000 characters in total). With the use of discourse, corpus and lexical-semantic analysis as well as conceptual analysis of metaphorical models, the author found that the negative image of Russia is constructed in Spanish political media discourse through the following metaphorical models: “Russia is the country of Putin”, “Russia is the heir to the USSR” and “Russia is a pseudo-saviour of the world”. The following frames can be distinguished within the structure of the model “Russia is the country of Putin”: 1) Russia belongs to Putin; 2) Putin is a lifelong president; 3) Putinism is an ideology of Russian citizens. The metaphorical model “Russia is the heir to the USSR” includes the following stereotypical scenarios: 1) authoritarian, undemocratic methods of governance; 2) “Soviet” way of living; 3) backward economy. The frame that exists within the model “Russia is a pseudo-saviour of the world” actualizes the scenario of providing humanitarian aid for show. Among the lexical and grammatical representatives of these metaphorical models are the following: prepositional construction with de and the proper name Putin; adjectives with the semes “infinitely long, eternal” and “entire”; adjectives containing semes of distance/separateness; lexeme soviético, etc. The nominative field of the considered image contains both direct nominations, represented by the toponyms Rusia, Moscú and Kremlin, and metaphors that are mainly related to the size of the state. The stereotypical features of the source domain make it possible to create a negative image of Russia as an authoritarian, undemocratic state with an almost monarchical system, outdated Soviet governance methods, saviour-ofthe-world ambitions, and ostentatious behaviour in the international arena.

scholarly journals River Culture in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kamala Dahal
Keyword(s):  
River Basins ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Sacred Places ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Death Event ◽  
The World ◽  
Big Rivers ◽  
River Banks

Most of the world civilizations are developed in the river basins. However, we do not have too big rivers in Nepal, though Nepalese culture is closely related with water and rivers. All the sacraments from birth to the death event in Nepalese society are related with river. Rivers and ponds are the living places of Nepali gods and goddesses. Jalkanya and Jaladeviare known as the goddesses of rivers. In the same way, most of the sacred places are located at the river banks in Nepal. Varahakshetra, Bishnupaduka, Devaghat, Triveni, Muktinath and other big Tirthas lay at the riverside. Most of the people of Nepal despose their death bodies in river banks. Death sacrement is also done in the tirthas of such localities. In this way, rivers of Nepal bear the great cultural value. Most of the sacramental, religious and cultural activities are done in such centers. Religious fairs and festivals are also organized in such a places. Therefore, river is the main centre of Nepalese cultural activities and we can find the remains of ld cultural remains in river basins.

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