scholarly journals The Level of Development of Crowdsourcing Activities: Russian and Foreign Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Evgenevna Ivanova ◽  
Evgeniia Valerevna Khokhlacheva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the world experience in the development of crowdsourcing, and makes a rating of the countries of the world according to the level of development of crowdsourcing. It is revealed that the large-scale application of crowdsourcing is hindered by the lack of elaboration of issues related to the implementation of crowdsourcing projects, the lack of state regulation of social and labor relations in the "employer-crowdsourcing" system, the lack of theoretical foundations and practical basis for conducting research in this area.

Remote (remote) work: some aspects of legal regulation and enforcement

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
N. N. Sokolenko ◽  
A. L. Mkrtchyan
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication

The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, due to objective circumstances, led to a large-scale spread of the mode of work outside stationary workplaces, to the development of interaction between the parties to labor relations using information and communication technologies. So, the contradictions between the real processes in the world of work during the pandemic and Russian labor law were revealed.

Strategic development of the Russian oil and gas complex: theoretical foundations, specifics and globalization aspects of state regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Trofimov
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The monograph examines the historical and economic aspects of state regulation of the economy, and concludes that the national results of identical economic policies pursued by individual countries at different stages of development are heterogeneous. The necessity of improving the mechanism of centralized influence on economic activity in the Russian Federation by finding the optimal combination of various tools, taking into account the specifics of state regulation of the oil and gas complex as a structural element of the national economy, is proved. The article examines the world experience of oil-producing countries with a developed market structure, analyzes the cause-and-effect relationships between global processes on the world energy market and the internal economic specifics that arose during the modernization of production and the reform of the regulatory mechanism of the Russian oil and gas complex. It is recommended to everyone who is interested in the issues of state regulation of the economy and the development of the domestic oil and gas sector: state civil servants working in the fuel and energy sector, managers and employees of oil and gas enterprises, teachers, doctoral students, postgraduates and students.

Society in the realities of the pandemic: challenges and scenarios for further development of countries in the post-quarantine period

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
L. Moisіeіenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Care Economics ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development

The article presents an analysis of the unprecedented humanitarian crisis that arose as a result of COVID-19, and affected such important areas for society as health care, economics and labor relations. The purpose of the article was to analyze the challenges facing the world community through COVID-19, to describe the scenarios for further development of society in the post-quarantine period and to identify ways to solve the problems caused by the pandemic. The author did not set the task to outline a real program of action and change. These key issues are the subject of constant discussion. States still have the opportunity to rethink the social contract, placing environmental sustainability, justice and humanitarian solidarity at the heart of the post-quarantine reconstruction and renewal program. It is shown that the humanitarian crisis has been complicated by the instability of the economic situation, growing inequality and instability, both domestically and internationally, which threatens to increase social protests and dismantle the usual ways. It has been shown that policies aimed at denationalizing the economy, supporting large capital, reducing budget spending on social programs, and establishing the dominance of transnational corporations have failed to respond adequately to the challenges of the pandemic, and have exposed large-scale problems a single person. The problems that arose as a result of COVID-19 and affected international institutions were analyzed; were caused by vulnerability and unpreparedness for a health pandemic; have led to growing socio-economic inequality both within countries and internationally; exacerbated food security issues for developing countries; gender issues, labor relations issues, etc. It is shown that the principles of neoliberalism, on which the developed countries of Europe and America have been based for the last 70 years, were questioned, which actualized the search for models, scenarios and ways of further development of individual states and the world community as a whole. The article presents scenarios for further development of states in the post-quarantine period. These scenarios range from the preservation of the principles of neo-liberalism to the spread of left-wing models of social development. In addition, the article identifies conditions that can help countries embark on the trajectory of an optimistic scenario.

PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS TOURISM IN UKRAINE – PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Moskvyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Services

The large-scale development of the world tourism market, which combines the formation of different types (directions) of tourism and the expansion of the network of tourist destinations, in recent decades has made international tourism one of the key engines of socio-economic progress. And all thanks to the creation of many jobs, a large segment of commercial enterprises, significant profits from foreign trade contracts and infrastructure development. Dynamic development, diversity of social functions and growth of the role of tourism as a branch of the world economy in the context of globalization raise before researchers and practitioners the question of harmonization of tourism with natural, sociocultural, environmental and economic, information and technological capabilities of individual countries and regions and the world economy. in general, ie the need to consider the entire industry of tourism services in terms of the concept of sustainable development. Considers the definitive characteristics of the concept of “professional and business tourism”, the main approaches to understanding the concept, the main methods of research of professional and business tourism, the problems of professional and business tourism in Ukraine and prospects for its development, foreign experience of professional and business tourism and opportunities for Ukraine. The analysis of features of development of professional and business tourism in Ukraine and its prospects is carried out. Theoretical and methodological bases of research of professional and business tourism are substantiated. The main approaches to the understanding of professional and business tourism, methods of research of professional and business tourism, methods of research of professional and business tourism are also revealed. Prospects for the development of professional and business tourism in Ukraine, directions of modernization of the sphere of professional and business tourism, foreign experience of professional and business tourism and opportunities for Ukraine are considered.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN FINANCIAL SERVICES REGULATION AND ITS USE IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
The World

The article deals with the problems of public relations in the sphere of financial services in foreign countries. The foreign experience of regulation of the sphere of financial services is studied and possibilities of its use in Ukraine are determined. An example of a model of legal regulation of the financial services industry in Ukraine may be the model used by the European Union. The European Union in the field of financial services has introduced a system of authorized institutions and bodies of the European Union, based on the principles of the internal market, aimed at consolidating a competitive efficient financial market, ensuring a high degree of financial stability, consumer protection and control. The regulation of financial markets in different countries of the world usually works within two different models. The first model involves regulation by predominantly state bodies, and only a small part of the powers overseeing, controlling, establishing the rules for conducting operations are transferred to associations of professional market participants - self-regulatory organizations. The second involves the transfer of as much authority as possible to self-regulatory organizations. At the same time, the state retains basic control functions and the ability to intervene at any time in the process of self-regulation. An important issue in the implementation of the European Union's financial services policy is the organization of a prudential oversight structure for financial market participants.However, the effectiveness of its operation depends on the specific institutional structure of supervision established in the Member States of the European Union in most countries of the world as a regulator of the banking system entrusted to the central bank. The experience and possibilities of introducing positive experience in regulating public relations in the sphere of financial services of such countries of the European Union as Germany, Great Britain, France, Denmark, Czech Republic, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Malta and the experience of the Russian Federation are discussed in detail The study of the financial services market regulation systems makes it possible to conclude the gradual development of common rules, rules and principles that are recognized by most countries. The need for unification is linked to the processes of interstate integration, internationalization and globalization of the financial markets, which initiate the gradual blurring of the identification boundaries between different national models of state regulation of the financial services market.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Tregubov
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

The article identifies the role of small business in the development of national economies that is due to the ease of perception of innovations, the creation of a significant number of jobs, contentment of social needs in goods and services. It was established that due to a number of problems faced by domestic small business, there is a need to form new approaches to the development of this area. On the basis of the Global rating of favorable business conditions was assessed the business environment of the world. There were taken into account such indicators as business registration, obtaining building permits, connection to the power supply system, property registration, obtaining loans, protection of minority investors, taxation, and International trade, ensuring the implementation of contract and insolvency settlement. It is determined that the top three in this indicator (by 2020) included New Zealand, Singapore and Hong Kong. Emphasis was placed on the significant difference (more than four times) in the ease of doing business index between the leader – New Zealand (86.59) and the outsider – Somalia (20.0), that indicates unevenness development of this area in the countries of the world. Based on a study of foreign experience in the development of small business in developed countries were identified practices that were interesting for further adaptation in Ukraine. Namely: formation of an effective legal framework; implementation of an effective regulatory policy and the use of a program-targeted approach to state regulation; state support of small business through the implementation of investment programs, projects, assistance in obtaining government orders, the formation of effective credit and tax policies, aimed at solving problems of financial and credit support of small business; stimulating innovation and development of small innovative enterprises and relevant infrastructure facilities (technology parks, science parks, venture funds), improving the system of training and retraining of specialists for small business; development of information technologies and e-business; active promotion of small enterprises, creation of necessary support institutions; cooperation of large and small business entities.

scholarly journals Foreign experience in regulating the activities of large corporate structures in the extraction of Arctic resources

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Polina Aleksandrovna ANDREEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rent Control ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Tax Regimes

Relevance. In terms of implementing large production projects, the Arctic is one of the most challenging regions in the world. This is due to geographic remoteness, extreme temperatures, difficult ice conditions, a vulnerable environment and the presence of indigenous people concerned about any outside interference. Global experience shows that the development of the Arctic territories is untenable without participation of large corporations and their implementation of large-scale Arctic projects. The capabilities of medium-sized businesses to influence the development of the Arctic territories are incomparable with the capabilities of large corporate structures in terms of their system-forming effects. At the same time, ensuring the necessary investments for the development of the Arctic territories requires improving the state regulation of subsoil use from the position of strengthening the incentive nature of the system of measures used. The purpose of the study is to generalize and analyze foreign experience in regulating the process of developing subsoil resources in foreign Arctic countries. Research methods – a systematic approach, generalizations, comparative analysis, comparisons, etc. Results. The experience of subsoil use regulation in the Arctic territories in the USA (Alaska), Canada, Norway, Denmark and Russia is generalized and analyzed. It has been determined that the approaches to regulating the process of developing subsoil resources are correlated with the state structure of the countries: unitary or federal. The form of subsoil ownership in each of the listed countries and the procedure for granting subsoil plots for use are considered. Most attention is paid to the economic mechanism of regulation. It is proved that, depending on the economic model, measures to support corporate business and economic incentives used by countries to achieve strategic goals in the Arctic have many differences, but a similar nature. Special tax regimes, rent control measures, financial support, which is in the nature of investments, and other financial instruments are used as incentives. The specificity of the tax policy of each of the countries under consideration is disclosed, a number of factors influencing the amount of royalties, the procedure for the distribution of collected taxes on corporations in the Arctic zone between the budgets of the federation and provinces, etc., are determined. Common tools for all states have been identified and the existence of coordination procedures has been confirmed to harmonize the interests of corporations and the state. The experience of taxation of regional corporations in the Arctic territories of Russia and its disadvantages are briefly highlighted. Conclusions. The imperfection of the institutional framework of the Russian Arctic requires the adoption of new legislative acts, as well as changes in taxation, the implementation of a system of incentives from the state. It is advisable to use many elements of the economic mechanism of foreign countries to expand the capabilities of corporations involved in the development of Arctic subsoil resources.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

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