scholarly journals Depressive Disorders and Incidence of COVID-19: Is There a Correlation and Management Interference?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nagwa Ali Sabri ◽  
Nagwa Ali Sabri ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Raslan ◽  
Eslam Mansour Shehata ◽  
Sara Ahmed Raslan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
The Impact

Corona virus Disease-2019 is a new strain of Coronaviruses (COVID-19) causing an infection which has rapidly spread all over the Globe, where the primary pathways of infection spreading reported to be through large respiratory droplets and the disease severity has varied from mild self-limiting flu like illness to acute pneumonia, respiratory collapse and death. On the other hand, depression is a disease that could be progress to a life-threatening condition that affects globally hundreds of millions of people. The aim of this review is desired to investigate and find a correlation between depressive disorders and the incidence of COVID19, where, pathogeneses of depressive disorder and its effect on the immunity system was addressed, besides the impact of depression on individual food intake and its complications regarding weight gain, insulin resistance, and immune system disruption was also discussed which by turn might increase the risk for infection with COVID-19. Finally, the possible drug-drug interactions between drugs included in management protocols of both depressive disorder including antidepressants and anxiolytics and COVID19 with possible proposed alternatives.

Impact on the family

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Veronica Dussel ◽  
Barbara Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Limiting Condition ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter, we will focus on the importance of caring for the family of a child with a life-limiting condition (LLC) or life-threatening condition as a unit, each of the family members being integral to the well-being and care of the others. We recognize that the family unit itself is embedded within a wider context including the health and social care system, and more broadly within its society and culture. We discuss the concept of family, exploring the impact of having a child with an LLC, and how families adjust to this. We then expand on considerations about how to offer effective and timely support and help. We have included parents’ narratives with the aim of adding depth to the discussion, and in recognition of the truth of families’ own experiences.

Psychopathology of alcoholics during withdrawal and early abstinence

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Wetterling ◽  
K Junghanns
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Severe Psychopathology ◽  
The Impact

Epidemiologic surveys show a high lifetime co-morbidity with psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety) in alcoholics. However, alcoholics frequently complained about psychopathologic symptoms, particularly during alcohol withdrawal. There is some evidence that symptomatology decreases spontaneously with prolonged abstinence. Thus, the question arises whether high levels of psychopathology could be accounted for by withdrawal effects. This study was aimed at examining the impact of the alcohol withdrawal severity (assessed by the AWS scale) on psychopathologic symptoms. The psychopathologic profile of 110 alcoholics as measured by the Symptom Checklist-90 revised (SCL-90-R) was compared to that of 253 patients with adjustment, anxiety or depressive disorders (according to ICD-10 criteria). No relationship between the severity of alcohol withdrawal and psychopathology could be found which might hint at two different neurobiological processes underlying these phenomena. The comparison with patients suffering from depression or anxiety disorders revealed that the global symptom severity of alcoholics undergoing withdrawal was similar, but recovery was achieved more rapidly than in the other groups. On the other hand, the self-rated psychopathologic symptom profile of alcoholics was rather similar to that of patients with adjustment disorders. While about one-quarter of the alcoholics reported severe psychopathology on admission, only about 10% showed symptomatology at discharge about three weeks later, predominantly depression or anxiety. These results underline the notion that much of the psychopathology described by alcoholics decreases within 2–3 weeks after withdrawal without specific treatment.

scholarly journals Acute ileocolitis as a presentation of Sars Cov-2 infection in children- A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-220
Author(s):  
Raghavendra H Gobbur ◽  
Ranjima M Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

As COVID-19 continues to spread in India and other countries, the impact of the disease among children, initially considered less important, is becoming more relevant. The extent of the diversity of clinical presentation of COVID-19 in children are still unclear. We have already seen a new clinical picture of SARS-CoV-2 in children manifesting as a hyper-inflammatory syndrome, with multi-organ involvement similar to Kawasaki Disease and with potential evolution to a shock syndrome. This represented a new phenomenon affecting previously asymptomatic children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 may also manifest as viral hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, acute liver injury, acute kidney injury, ARDS, Sepsis, septic shock and meningo-encephalitis and cerebellar ataxia. The Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection occurs weeks after infection and may evolve unnoticed. MIS-Cs pathophysiology remains unclear. However, it appears to be a postinfectious hyperimmune response that may occur during or following asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. COVID-19 infection in children may lead to a potentially life threatening condition that we may not be aware of. We are in need of reporting of the diverse presentation of SARS CoV-2 virus in children. Here we describe a case of a previously normal 14-year-old boy who manifested with severe pain abdomen after SARS CoV-2 infection and was diagnosed as Acute Ileocolitis secondary to COVID-19. Child improved with steroid therapy and was asymptomatic after 3 weeks of treatment.

scholarly journals Adversity magnifies the importance of social information in decision-making

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Perez-Escudero ◽  
Gonzalo G de Polavieja
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Social Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

In adverse conditions, individuals follow the majority more strongly. This phenomenon is very general across social species, but explanations have been particular to the species and context, including antipredatory responses, deflection of responsibility, or increase in uncertainty. Here we show that the impact of social information in realistic decision-making typically increases with adversity, giving more weight to the choices of the majority. The conditions for this social magnification are very natural, but were absent in previous decision-making models due to extra assumptionsthat simplified mathematical analysis, like very low levels of stochasticity or the assumption that when one option is good the other one must be bad. We show that decision-making in collectives can quantitatively explain the different impact of social influence with different levels of adversity for different species and contexts, including life-threatening situations in fish and simple experiments in humans.

The complex Impact of Five Years of Stress Related to Life-Threatening Events on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Preliminary Retrospective Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Keren ◽  
N. Keren ◽  
A. Eden ◽  
S. Tsangen ◽  
A. Weizman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Middle Period ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:To study the impact of chronic, life-threatening stressors in the form of daily missile attacks, for five consecutive years, on pregnancy outcomes.Method:Charts of deliveries from two neighboring towns in the south of Israel, covering the years 2000 and 2003–2008, were reviewed retrospectively. One city had been exposed to missile attacks, while the other was not. For each year, 100 charts were chosen at random.Results:Significant association was found between exposure to stress and frequency of pregnancy complications (P = 0.047) and premature membrane rupture (P = 0.029). A more detailed analysis, based on dividing the stressful years into three distinct periods: early (2003–2004), intermediate (2005–2006) and late (2007–2008), revealed that preterm deliveries were significantly more frequent (P = 0.044) during the intermediate period, as was premature membrane rupture during the late period (P = 0.014).Conclusion:Exposure to chronic life-threatening stress resulted in more pregnancy complications and in particular more premature membrane ruptures. The impact was most significant during the middle period of the 5-year-exposure to the stressor. Hence it seems that factors of duration and habituation may play a role in the impact of chronic, life-threatening stressors on pregnancy.

scholarly journals Impact of the corona virus disease 2019 pandemic on physiotherapy services in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daha Garba Muhammad ◽  
Jamila Suleiman Musa
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study aimed to explain the impact of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on physiotherapy services in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThis is a commentary piece.FindingsThe pandemic has potential of reducing efficacy of physiotherapy services. It also showed that the mental health of local physiotherapists was badly affected. On the other hand, the pandemic allowed physiotherapists to support infectious disease prevention and control and as well as providing awareness of the role of physiotherapy in the management of respiratory diseases.Originality/valueIt shows the effect of COVID-19 on physiotherapy care.

Dissociation and Therapy of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders with or Without Personality Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S111-S111
Author(s):  
J. Prasko ◽  
A. Grambal ◽  
Z. Sigmundova ◽  
P. Kasalova ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Degree Of Dissociation ◽  
Therapeutic Program ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveGoal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, Agoraphobia, Social phobia, OCD, PTSD, Adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, Somatoform disorder or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, subjective version of clinical global impression-severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale, at the start and the end of the therapeutic program.ResultsThe total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment in outpatients basis and were referred for hospitalization for the six-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Six hundred and six of them were statistically analyzed. The patients’ mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved significantly more than patients with comorbid personality disorder in the reduction of depressive symptoms. However, there were no significant differences in change of anxiety levels and severity of the disorder between the patients with and without personality disorders. The higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement. The higher therapeutic change was connected to the greater reduction of the dissociation level.ConclusionsDissociation presents an important factor influencing treatment effectiveness in the treatment-resistant patients with anxiety/depression with or without personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Major Depressive Disorder and Health Care Costs in Multiple Sclerosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Patten ◽  
Philip Jacobs ◽  
Ruxandra Petcu ◽  
Marlene A. Reimer ◽  
Luanne M. Metz
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms and an elevated frequency of depressive disorders. Depressive disorders, in general, are associated with substantial direct and indirect economic costs, and have been shown to increase the costs associated with the management of medical conditions in a variety of clinical settings. However, the impact of depressive disorders on costs associated with MS have not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate this association. Methods: The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to identify subjects with major depressive disorder in a sample who had earlier been selected for a broader economic evaluation of the costs associated with MS. Costs were measured in two ways: retrospectively (by questionnaire covering a 2-year period) and prospectively (using a 6-month diary). The proportion of subjects reporting any costs and the proportion exceeding various cost thresholds were calculated in subjects with and without lifetime major depression. These proportions were compared using exact statistical tests and confidence intervals. Non-parametric (rank sum) tests were used to compare median costs. Results: Of 136 subjects, 31 had a lifetime history of major depression. MS-related expenses evaluated retrospectively (e.g., house and vehicle alterations and purchases) did not differ depending on major depression status. In the prospective analysis, subjects with lifetime major depression were more likely to purchase vitamins, herbs, and naturopathic remedies ( p < 0.01) and more likely to incur costs associated with utilization of services provided by alternative practitioners ( p = 0.04). Other differences (e.g., in mental health care, medical specialists, general practitioner visits) were not observed. Conclusions: Contrary to expectation, this study did not find increased direct medical costs in persons with comorbid major depressive disorder and multiple sclerosis. Persons with comorbid MS and (lifetime) major depression did not incur greater costs or utilize more services. The Canadian health care system is guided by principles of universality and is publicly funded and administered, however, the lack of an impact of major depression on utilization may reflect limited access to services. The lack of an association between costs and major depression may or may not be generalizable to health care systems in other countries.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Extracorporeal Cytokine Removal in Hemodynamic Stabilization in Hyperinflammatory Shock

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Fatime Hawchar ◽  
Cristina Rao ◽  
Ali Akil ◽  
Yatin Mehta ◽  
Christopher Rugg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Organ Support ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Impact

Hemodynamic instability due to dysregulated host response is a life-threatening condition requiring vasopressors and vital organ support. Hemoadsorption with Cytosorb has proven to be effective in reducing cytokines and possibly in attenuating the devastating effects of the cytokine storm originating from the immune over-response to the initial insult. We reviewed the PubMed database to assess evidence of the impact of Cytosorb on norepinephrine needs in the critically ill. We further analyzed those studies including data on control cohorts in a comparative pooled analysis, defining a treatment effect as the standardized mean differences in relative reductions in vasopressor dosage at 24 h. The literature search returned 33 eligible studies. We found evidence of a significant reduction in norepinephrine requirement after treatment: median before, 0.55 (IQR: 0.39–0.90); after, 0.09 (0.00–0.25) μg/kg/min, p <0.001. The pooled effect size at 24 h was large, though characterized by high heterogeneity. In light of the importance of a quick resolution of hemodynamic instability in the critically ill, further research is encouraged to enrich knowledge on the potentials of the therapy.

A design of brain port with a built-in bi-directional check valve improves the ventriculostomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Taishin Chung ◽  
Ki-Cheol Yoon ◽  
Kwang Gi Kim ◽  
Seung Hoon Lee ◽  
Heon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Check Valve ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage ◽  
Additional Surgery ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Brain

The increase of intracranial pressure is a life-threatening condition which requires urgent treatment to prevent the further neurologic problem. A design of the brain port is proposed, in which a bi-directional check valve controls the flow of the cerebrospinal fluid depending on the intracranial pressure in accordance with the other devices. Drug administration and cerebrospinal fluid drainage could be performed easily without any additional surgery other than the transplant of a brain port. The intracranial pressure value at which the cerebrospinal fluid should be drained is adjustable by altering the pressure of the drainage bag. The results of the experiment with the simulated brain system are supporting and verifying the substance of this article.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document