scholarly journals Analysis of accidents involved in touring/ sport/ recreational vessels and yachts in the Turkish search and rescue area

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Sibel Bayar ◽  
Ercan Akan
Keyword(s):  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Suitable Climate ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Recreational Vessels ◽  
Marine Accidents

Our country is surrounded by seas on three sides; it is in an attractive position in terms of tourism due to its suitable climate and many history and cultures. Especially the stagnant structure of the Aegean and the Mediterranean allows sea tourism in almost four seasons; it is one of the routes preferred especially by yacht ships. In this respect, a maritime traffic arises due to touring, sports and recreational ships and yachts, and these ships occasionally cause accidents. In the study, marine accidents in the Turkish Search and Rescue Area involving touring, sports and recreational vessels and yachts are statistically analyzed. In this context, frequency distributions are carried out first and the hypotheses are examined by Chi-Square independence analysis.

scholarly journals The food insecurity status of pastoral and agro-pastoral households in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Eticha Abebe Abera ◽  
Ahmed Endris Mossa
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Pastoral Households ◽  
Binary Logistic Model

Understanding the major causes of food insecurity is important for interventions aiming at minimizing food insecurity. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the status of food insecurity of pastoral and agro-pastoral households of Seba Boru Woreda Guji Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. In order to achieve these objectives, 112 respondents’ agro pastoralists were selected from 2 kebeles (the smallest administrative unit). To this end, both probabilities (stratified, systematic and random) and non-probability (purposive) sampling techniques were employed. Primary and secondary data were collected from various sources. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics like mean standard deviation, percentage and frequency distributions. Univariate analysis such as t-test and chi-square (χ2) were also used to describe the characteristics of food secured and food insecure groups. The survey result shows that about 60 (53.7 %) of sample respondents were food insecure while only 52 (46.3 %) were food secure. As per a binary logistic model regression, four variables such as family size, land, income, and extension service were significant at 10 % probability levels. Finally, limiting population size through integrated health and education service, intensification of agriculture through extension service by strengthening PTC (pastoral training center), are some to recommend to curb food insecurity in the area

Gonadal cycle of the blue crab Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775) (Decapoda, Portunoidea) in the Mediterranean Sea off Alexandria, Egypt

Crustaceana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Gaber ◽  
Mauro Luisetto ◽  
Oleg Latyshev
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Portunus Segnis

Abstract Adults of Portunus segnis were captured from Ras el Tin beach on the Mediterranean Sea at Alexandria, Egypt, from January to December 2017. Male crabs are present in higher density in the sea during fall and winter, while female crabs are more common during spring and summer. Sex ratios were calculated as follows: number of males or females/total number of crabs. The calculated sex ratios were subjected to a Chi-square test according to the equation: , where O represents the observed frequency and E the expected frequency. One-way analysis of variance shows differences in the carapace size (length and width) and the weight of males and females during the four seasons. The hepatosomatic index of male crabs ranges from 9.1-9.25 in winter months, 8.7-7.9 in fall, being lower, 3.12-2.25, in spring and 5.96-4.13 in summer. The hepatosomatic index of female crabs is 8.9-3.9 in spring, 9.2-7.9 in summer, shifts lower to 5.1-3.2 in fall and to 4.2-1.5 in winter. The gonadosomatic index of female crabs is 0.12-8.2 in spring, 0.20-13.9 in summer and decreases to 0.66-7.8 in fall and 0.18-4.7 in winter. Ovaries and testes were isolated, fixed, and prepared for histological examination. The testicular lobes are surrounded by simple epithelium with haemolymph filling the interspaces. Seminiferous ducts are inserted in the testicular lobes. Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis are described. The vas deferens is usually filled with spermatophores. Spermatophore formation begins in the testis near the vas deferens. Near the base of the penes there is glandular tissue. This study proposes the classification of the ovarian maturation into five stages: Stage I, Immature ovary with primary and secondary oogonia; Stage II, early maturing ovary with germ cells in different maturation phases; Stage III, mature ovary with vitellogenic oocytes and germ cells; Stage IV, maturing ovary with oocytes I, II and fully mature oocytes; and Stage V, ovary in regeneration. The wall of the spermatheca consists of a stratified squamous epithelium.

Mitochondrial DNA length variation and heteroplasmy in populations of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus).

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Brown ◽  
A T Beckenbach ◽  
M J Smith
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
White Sturgeon ◽  
Acipenser Transmontanus ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mutation Pressure ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
D Loop

Abstract Southern blot analysis was used to quantify the extent of mtDNA D-loop length variation in two populations of white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. Over 42% of individuals were heteroplasmic for up to six different mtDNA length variants attributable to varying copy numbers of an 82-bp repeat sequence. Chi-square analyses revealed that the frequencies of length genotypes and the incidence of heteroplasmy were significantly different between Fraser and Columbia River sturgeon populations but not between restriction site haplotypes. Heteroplasmic fish have, on average, higher copy number than homoplasmic fish. Forty-five of 101 homoplasmic individuals carry only a single copy of the repeat, while none of the 73 heteroplasmic fish has the single repeat as the predominant variant. On the basis of differences in frequency distributions of copy number within and between fish, we suggest that (1) heteroplasmy is maintained by high recurrent mutation of multiple copy genomes, favoring increased copy number and (2) the mutation pressure toward higher copy number heteroplasmy is partially offset by selection to reduced genome size and segregation to the homoplasmic condition.

Illicit trades and smuggling activities on the island of Stromboli, 1808–1816: gender roles during a commercial crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-31
Author(s):  
Ida Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines the impact of the Continental Blockade upon a local fishing and agricultural economy in the Mediterranean by focusing on the illicit trades that flourished on Stromboli. The island became a strategic location for smuggling between the warring kingdoms of British allied Naples and French ruled Sicily. This paper argues that the Blockade allowed Stromboli to join the network of maritime traffic that had been dominated by the two biggest islands in the archipelago. Although equally integrated into agriculture and fishing, women participated in the fraudulent sale of prize goods but were excluded from large-scale smuggling operations.

Maritime Search and Rescue Capability Evaluation Algorithm Based on Cloud Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 1444-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yuan Xu ◽  
Zhao Lin Wu ◽  
Jie Yao ◽  
Yu Qing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Evaluation Algorithm ◽  
Maritime Search And Rescue ◽  
Capability Evaluation

Maritime search and rescue is important for the maritime traffic safety. A maritime search and rescue capability evaluation algorithm based on cloud model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, we established the evaluation system; Secondly, we determined the expert evaluation cloud model according the scoring; Thirdly, we calculated the evaluation result by the comprehensive cloud; Finally, we used the digital characteristics to restore the cloud chart. The experimental result shows that our method is objective and accurate.

Emergency Utilization and Trends in a Community Dental Clinic in Northern Manhattan: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Evan Cyrkin ◽  
Aaron Myers ◽  
Jaffer Shariff ◽  
Richard Yoon
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dental Records ◽  
First Time

Purpose: To evaluate utilization and trends associated with patients who presented with emergencies at a community dental clinic at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Study design: Data from deidentified dental records of patients aged 0–12 years old who presented as emergencies for oral and dental reasons for 2012, 2013, and 2014 were collected. Variables analyzed included demographic information, oral diagnosis, and current health status. Frequency distributions analysis, chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were performed using Stata 13.0. Results: There were 4,328 dental and oral-related emergencies with a mean age of 6-years-old. Approximately 50% were females, 71% were Hispanic, and 90% had Medicaid managed care. Most emergencies (49%) were caries-related, 41% were considered atraumatic in nature, and approximately 10% were traumatic. About 10% of patients presented with comorbidities and 37% were either first-time patients or patients that presented exclusively for emergencies. Acute tooth pain (45%) caused by dental caries was the most common chief complaint. The trends for emergency presentations showed a significant decrease (p<.001) between years 2012–2014 for caries-related visits and a significant increase (p<.001) between 2012–2013 and 2012–2014 for atraumatic visits. Conclusions: Caries-related dental diagnoses were more common than trauma-related diagnoses. The most common caries-related diagnosis was pulp necrosis for both primary and permanent dentitions while the most common traumarelated diagnosis was subluxation for the primary dentition and enamel-dentin fracture for the permanent dentition.

Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon O. Nwhator ◽  
Kofo Winfunke-Savage ◽  
Patricia Ayanbadejo ◽  
Sunny O. Jeboda
Keyword(s):  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Preliminary Study

Abstract Aim Terms relating to pigmentation of the oral mucosa include physiologic (racial) pigmentation, oral pigmented nevi, oral melanotic maculae, melanoma, and smokers’ melanosis. The literature is replete with studies about oral mucosal pigmentation which is thought to result from melanin incontinence. The documented etiological factors are both local and systemic and include hormones, drugs, smoking, and idiopathic causes. This study investigated the prevalence of melanosis among Nigerian smokers and controls who were non-smokers. Methods and Materials A total of 1270 sites were examined in 253 subjects consisting of 60 smokers and 193 non-smokers. They were all systemically healthy adults drawn from 12 factories located in different urban and rural settings in the state of Lagos in Nigeria. Five oral mucosal sites were examined per subject. A single examiner performed all examinations and recorded all findings. Pigmentation was scored either as “present” or “absent.” Subjects’ smoking status, degree, and duration of smoking were ascertained and recorded using an examiner-administered questionnaire. Results There were five pigmented sites (0.52%) among non-smokers and 18 (6%) among smokers. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found in smokers while the lingual mucosa was the most common site found for non-smokers. The prevalence of pigmented sites increased directly among smokers with the duration of smoking (years); degree of smoking (cigarettes smoked per day); and smoking pack-years (degree of smoking divided by 20 and multiplied by duration of smoking, where 20 is the average number of cigarettes in a pack of cigarettes). SPSS version 11.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Frequency distributions were generated for all categorical variables for descriptive aspects of the analysis. Means were determined for quantitative variables such as age and number of cigarettes smoked. For homogenous variances, the student's t test was used for quantitative variables between smokers and nonsmokers, while for non-homogenous variances the Mann-Whitney test was adopted. Chi-square statistic was used for comparisons between smokers and non-smokers. In tables with low expected frequencies, Fisher's exact test was adopted. Statistical tests yielding p-values =/<0.5 were considered significant. Conclusions Smokers in this study had a significantly higher prevalence of pigmented oral mucosal sites (melanosis) than non-smokers. The number of pigmented sites increased with the degree and duration of smoking. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found among the smokers in this study. Citation Nwhator SO, Winfunke-Savage K, Ayanbadejo P, Jeboda SO. Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:068-075.

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