STUDY OF PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND THAT IS PART OF A DISINFECTANT

The study of the toxicological properties of a new disinfecting quaternary ammonium compound was carried out on laboratory animals of the vivarium of the Kazan State Medical University. Toxicological properties were evaluated on white mice, white rats, guinea pigs and rabbits by forming experimental and control groups. The value of acute oral toxicity, the indicator of the average lethal dose was experimentally determined, allergic properties were determined and the local irritant effect was evaluated. During the tests, it was found that the new quaternary ammonium compound belongs to the third hazard class.

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Study of the acute toxicity of the medicinal product for veterinary use Iverbutan

Russian Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.31016/1998-8435-2021-15-3-76-82 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 76-82

Author(s):

E. N. Indyuhova ◽

G. B. Arisova ◽

I. P. Belykh ◽

D. S. Poselov ◽

A. A. Stepanov

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Medicinal Product ◽

Physiological State ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

The Body ◽

Male Rats ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Control Groups ◽

Hazard Class ◽

And Control

The purpose of the research is to study the acute oral toxicity of the medicinal product for veterinary use Iverbutan, intended for the treatment and prevention of arachnoentomoses and nematodoses of poultry.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 30 outbred male rats weighing 210-240 g and 60 mice weighing 18–21 g. The animals were divided into experimental and control groups. The drug was administered once without dilution in the form of the provided solution using an intragastric tube. Doses of 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000 and 10 000 mg/kg were tested on mice, and on rats – 10 000, 8000, 5000, 4000 mg/kg. The animals of the control groups were injected with drinking water. Within 14 days after a single dose of the drug, the physiological state and behavior of animals, possible death, as well as the manifestation of symptoms of intoxication were monitored. The control of the body weight of the animals of the experimental and control groups was carried out on the day of the experiment (before drug administration), as well as on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 9th and 14th days.Results and discussion. It was found that after oral administration of iverbutan to experimental animals, the average lethal dose, calculated by the Kerber method, was 5600 mg/kg of body weight in mice and 7000 mg/kg of body weight in rats (hazard class 4 according to GOST 12.1.007-76). The average lethal dose, calculated by the Miller and Tainter method, was 5292.0±1058.6 (4233.4÷6350.6) mg/kg of body weight in mice and 6463.2±1496.9 (4966.3÷7960.1) mg/kg of body weight of rats (hazard class 3 according to GOST 12.1.007-76), which indicates species sensitivity.

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TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE OF “BIOSOLBI” DRUG

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2020/1/67-69 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 67-69

Author(s):

E. K. Rakhmatullin ◽

O. D. Sklyarov

Keyword(s):

Drug Toxicity ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Control Group ◽

Hazard Class ◽

Water Ingestion ◽

White Rats ◽

Poorly Soluble ◽

And Behavior ◽

Purebred Dogs

The article presents the results of a study of the "Bisolbi" drug toxicity (powder of light ash color, poorly soluble in water). When it is mixed with water it forms a suspension of particles that settle rapidly. Values of acute drug toxicity were determined on rats. We studied groups of six animals of the same sex, as well as similar control ones. The "Bisolbi" drug was injected to white rats intragastrically, males weighing 310 ... 320 g in doses of 2500 and 2740 mg / kg. Each dose was used in six animals; distilled water (3 ml) was used for the controls. The LD50 was calculated by the probit analysis method proposed by Litchfield and Wilcoxon modified by Z. Roth. When administered orally, an atraumatic metal probe was immersed in the stomach. Within 14 days monitored the overall health status and behavior of animals, the manifestation or absence of symptoms of intoxication; noted the features of feed and water ingestion, assessed the condition of the coat, physiological functions. Then groups of experimental rats were euthanized and pathomorphologically examined. We studied the effect of "Bisolbi" with repeated introduction and on not purebred dogs. Two groups of 3-4 years of age were completed with an average initial body weight of 13.63 ... 15.11 kg. Before use, the additive was thoroughly mixed with feed. The drug was injected during 31 days at a dose of 0.5 g / kg. Dogs of the control group (three) were fed wheat flour. After 15 and 31 days in laboratory animals in order to characterize the general condition in the blood, the amount of protein, urea, glucose, creatinine, cholesterol were determined. Based on studies it was found that the drug daily application by animals, is low toxic and safe, does not provoke the development of pathological reactions. According to the Hodge and Sterner classification "Bisolbi" can be attributed to the 6th class of toxicity - relatively harmless. Accordingto GOST 12.1.007-76 LD50 of the drug is more than 151 mg / kg, but less than 5000 mg / kg it is the 3rd hazard class (moderately hazardous).

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Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/1470915 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Solange Gahongayire ◽

Adamu Almustapha Aliero ◽

Charles Drago Kato ◽

Alice Namatovu

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Ammonium Compound ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Microbiological Methods ◽

Phenotypic Methods

Bacterial infections are on a rise with causal-resistant strains increasing the economic burden to both patients and healthcare providers. Salons are recently reported as one of the sources for transmission of such resistant bacterial strains. The current study aimed at the identification of the prevalent bacteria and characterization of quaternary ammonium compound (qac) genes from disinfectant-resistant S. aureus isolated from salon tools in Ishaka town, Bushenyi District of Uganda. A total of 125 swabs were collected from different salon tools (combs, brushes, scissors, clippers, and shaving machines), and prevalent bacteria were isolated using standard microbiological methods. Identification of isolated bacteria was done using standard phenotypic methods including analytical profile index (API). Susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria to disinfectant were determined using the agar well diffusion method. Quaternary ammonium compound (qac) genes (qacA/B and qacC) associated with disinfectant resistances were detected from disinfectant-resistant S. aureus using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing methods. Of the 125 swab samples collected from salons, 78 (62.4%) were contaminated with different bacteria species. Among the salon tools, clippers had the highest contamination of 20 (80.0%), while shaving machines had the lowest contamination of 11 (44.0%). The most prevalent bacteria identified were Staphylococcus epidermidis (28.1%) followed by S. aureus (26.5%). Of all the disinfectants tested, the highest resistance was shown with sodium hypochlorite 1%. Out of the eight (8) disinfectant-resistant S. aureus analysed for qac genes, 2 (25%) isolates (STP6 and STP9) were found to be qacA/B positive, while 2 (25%) isolates (STP8 and STP9) were found to be qacC gene positive. This study has shown that bacterial contamination of salon tools is common, coupled with resistance to disinfectants with sodium hypochlorite resistance being more common. Furthermore, observed resistance was attributed to the presence of qac genes among S. aureus isolates. A search for qac genes for disinfectant resistance from other bacteria species is recommended.

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